【摘要】：“4.20”蘆山地震對(duì)雅安市雨城區(qū)地質(zhì)環(huán)境造成嚴(yán)重破壞,引發(fā)了滑坡、崩塌、泥石流等次生地質(zhì)災(zāi)害,特別是在余震、降雨等作用下這些次生災(zāi)害更是頻繁發(fā)生,對(duì)雨城區(qū)災(zāi)后恢復(fù)重建工作帶來(lái)嚴(yán)重危害。雅安市雨城區(qū)地處岷江流域,區(qū)域內(nèi)發(fā)育青衣江、周公河、隴西河等河流,其他支流眾多,水系發(fā)育。雨城區(qū)位于“4.20”地震的重災(zāi)區(qū),地震災(zāi)害嚴(yán)重,地質(zhì)災(zāi)害發(fā)育,主要分布在隴西河流域,其地質(zhì)環(huán)境條件較復(fù)雜,是災(zāi)害重災(zāi)區(qū)和地質(zhì)災(zāi)害的易發(fā)區(qū),河流侵蝕切割強(qiáng)烈,地形較為陡峻,境內(nèi)大面積出露松散軟弱的第三系和第四系地層,地層巖性和地質(zhì)構(gòu)造較為復(fù)雜,加之“5.12”、“4.20”兩次地震及震后多次強(qiáng)降雨的綜合影響,境內(nèi)地質(zhì)災(zāi)害較為發(fā)育,危害較為嚴(yán)重。隴西河小流域內(nèi)50處地質(zhì)災(zāi)害隱患點(diǎn)共計(jì)威脅住戶373戶1961人,財(cái)產(chǎn)9655萬(wàn)元;災(zāi)后重建新村聚居點(diǎn)威脅住戶220戶720人,財(cái)產(chǎn)4400萬(wàn)元;隴西河上里場(chǎng)鎮(zhèn)岸坡威脅住戶265戶764人,共計(jì)資產(chǎn)7000萬(wàn)元,地質(zhì)災(zāi)害綜合防治工程投資估算為21055萬(wàn)元,通過(guò)綜合防治,能有效保護(hù)上述地質(zhì)災(zāi)害危險(xiǎn)區(qū)人們生命財(cái)產(chǎn)安全,其防治資金投入大于保護(hù)的資產(chǎn),因此,對(duì)隴西和小流域地質(zhì)災(zāi)害進(jìn)行綜合防治是非常有必要且緊迫的。且綜合治理工程具有一定的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。更重要的是,通過(guò)綜合防治工程的實(shí)施,可以提高地質(zhì)災(zāi)害防治水平和能力,并為場(chǎng)鎮(zhèn)恢復(fù)重建奠定良好基礎(chǔ),為雨城區(qū)北部的旅游開(kāi)發(fā)和產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展提供安全的環(huán)境,由此還將帶來(lái)更大的間接效益。本次的研究是在前期“4.20”地震地質(zhì)災(zāi)害應(yīng)急排查和“7.8洪災(zāi)”地質(zhì)災(zāi)害應(yīng)急排查的基礎(chǔ)上,以隴西河小流域范圍內(nèi)因自然因素形成的威脅群眾生命財(cái)產(chǎn)安全的地質(zhì)災(zāi)害隱患點(diǎn)為工作對(duì)象,合理確定隴西河小流域地質(zhì)災(zāi)害綜合防治工作范圍,全面調(diào)查或復(fù)核已有或新增地質(zhì)災(zāi)害隱患點(diǎn)的發(fā)育特征,已有災(zāi)害點(diǎn)的分布與類型,規(guī)模,變形破壞,穩(wěn)定性,危害特征等,以保證群眾生命財(cái)產(chǎn)安全為首要目標(biāo),兼顧保證區(qū)內(nèi)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展空間,結(jié)土地利用價(jià)值和生態(tài)環(huán)境保護(hù),總結(jié)出小流域的綜合治理措施建議,其可實(shí)施性,實(shí)施后所達(dá)到的效果,從而提煉出一套小流域地質(zhì)災(zāi)害綜合治理相應(yīng)的方法和體系。
[Abstract]:The "4.20" Lushan earthquake caused serious damage to the geological environment in Yucheng District of Ya'an City, causing secondary geological disasters such as landslides, landslides and debris flows, especially under the action of aftershocks and rainfall, which occurred frequently. It brings serious harm to the post-disaster recovery and reconstruction of Yucheng District. Yucheng District of Ya'an City is located in Minjiang River Basin. Qingyi River, Zhougong River, Longxi River and other rivers are developed in the region. Yucheng District is located in the heavy disaster area of "4.20" earthquake, the earthquake disaster is serious, the geological disaster is developed, mainly distributed in Longxi River Basin, its geological environment condition is more complex, is the disaster area and the geological disaster prone area. The river erosion and cutting is strong, the terrain is steep, the area of the territory is exposed to loose and weak Tertiary and Quaternary strata, and the strata lithology and geological structure are more complex, coupled with "5.12". The comprehensive influence of "4.20" earthquakes and heavy rainfall after the earthquake shows that the geological disasters in China are more developed and the harm is more serious. A total of 1961 households with 96.55 million yuan were threatened by 50 hidden geological hazard sites in Longxi River Basin, 720 households and 44 million yuan in property were threatened by the reconstruction of new village settlements after the disaster, and the hidden dangers of geological hazards in 50 hidden geological hazard sites in Longxi River Basin threatened 1961 households with 96.55 million yuan in property. The bank slope of Shanglichang Town, Longxi River, threatened 764 households, with a total asset of 70 million yuan, and the investment in the comprehensive prevention and control project of geological disasters was estimated to be 210.55 million yuan. Through the comprehensive prevention and control, the safety of people's lives and property in the above-mentioned geological hazard risk areas can be effectively protected. The investment of prevention and control funds is greater than the protected assets, so it is very necessary and urgent to carry out comprehensive prevention and control of geological disasters in Longxi and small watershed. And the comprehensive treatment project has certain economic benefits. More importantly, through the implementation of comprehensive prevention and control projects, we can improve the level and ability of geological disaster prevention and control, lay a good foundation for the restoration and reconstruction of the town, and provide a safe environment for tourism development and industrial development in the northern part of Yucheng District. This will also bring greater indirect benefits. This study is based on the early "4.20" earthquake geological disaster emergency investigation and the "7.8 flood" geological disaster emergency investigation. Taking the hidden points of geological disasters which threaten the safety of the lives and property of the masses, which are formed by natural factors in the scope of Longxi River small watershed, as the working object, the scope of comprehensive prevention and control of geological disasters in Longxi River small watershed is reasonably determined. To comprehensively investigate or review the development characteristics of hidden danger points of existing or new geological disasters, the distribution and type, scale, deformation and destruction, stability and hazard characteristics of existing disaster points, with the primary goal of ensuring the safety of the lives and property of the masses. Taking into account the guarantee of economic and social development space in the area, the value of land use and the protection of ecological environment, this paper sums up the suggestions of comprehensive control measures for small watersheds, their feasibility and the effects achieved after their implementation. Thus, a set of methods and systems for comprehensive management of geological disasters in small watersheds are extracted.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：P694

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