【摘要】：論文以塔里木盆地塔中北坡中-下奧陶統(tǒng)碳酸鹽巖地層為研究目的層,主要研究工區(qū)位于中國(guó)石化西北油田分公司順托果勒南區(qū)塊以及卡塔克4區(qū)塊北部古隆地區(qū)。在廣泛查閱和吸收前人研究成果的前提下,以碳酸鹽巖儲(chǔ)層地質(zhì)學(xué)作為理論指導(dǎo),綜合運(yùn)用沉積巖石學(xué)、構(gòu)造地質(zhì)學(xué)、儲(chǔ)層地球化學(xué)等理論知識(shí),充分利用現(xiàn)有實(shí)物資料,結(jié)合薄片鑒定、掃描電鏡、陰極發(fā)光、電子探針、地球化學(xué)分析和地震、測(cè)井等微觀/宏觀分析手段,圍繞儲(chǔ)層特征和成因機(jī)理,展開(kāi)對(duì)塔中北坡碳酸鹽巖儲(chǔ)層的構(gòu)造特征、巖石學(xué)特征、巖性組合特征、沉積相劃分、成巖作用類型、成巖演化序列、儲(chǔ)集空間/組合類型和分布等方面的詳細(xì)研究,最后整合儲(chǔ)層發(fā)育特征、主控因素及形成機(jī)理,對(duì)塔中北坡碳酸鹽巖儲(chǔ)層進(jìn)行綜合評(píng)價(jià):構(gòu)造格局方面,平面上,塔中北坡地區(qū)現(xiàn)今整體表現(xiàn)為西北低、東南高的單斜構(gòu)造形態(tài),受到南部造山帶和塔中Ⅰ號(hào)斷裂帶分段性活動(dòng)的影響,形成了“東西分區(qū)、上下分層”的構(gòu)造格局。并在西北部和東南部發(fā)育順托果勒低隆和古城墟隆起,東西分區(qū)特征明顯,其間以斜坡過(guò)渡�？v向上,研究區(qū)可分為上、中、下三個(gè)構(gòu)造層,分別以?shī)W陶系頂面(地震界面T70)和石炭系底面(地震界面T60)為界,下部構(gòu)造層主要是指寒武系至中-下奧陶統(tǒng)地層內(nèi)所發(fā)育的一系列壓扭走滑斷層;中部構(gòu)造層位于T70界面和T60界面之間,以發(fā)育張扭走滑斷裂為主;上部構(gòu)造層以順托果勒低隆區(qū)西部發(fā)育的擠壓性斷層為主,但整體斷裂并不發(fā)育,多為輕微變形褶皺。通過(guò)對(duì)研究區(qū)現(xiàn)有單井取心薄片的鏡下鑒定,將塔中北坡儲(chǔ)層的巖石類型劃分為石灰?guī)r、白云巖、過(guò)渡巖類以及其它巖類。經(jīng)過(guò)有效的篩選,剔除部分占巖石類型比重較小的巖性,及受后期成巖流體影響而不具備原始沉積巖石結(jié)構(gòu)的巖性(如硅質(zhì)巖,中-粗晶白云巖等)后,總結(jié)歸納了8類主要的巖石組合類型。在精細(xì)劃分單井沉積相后,結(jié)合連井對(duì)比和不同沉積相的測(cè)井曲線特征以及地震相平面展布特征,認(rèn)為塔中北坡地區(qū)中-下奧陶統(tǒng)的沉積相主要可分為局限臺(tái)地、開(kāi)闊臺(tái)地、臺(tái)地邊緣以及臺(tái)緣斜坡4個(gè)沉積相,包括7個(gè)亞相和9個(gè)微相。塔中北坡中-下奧陶統(tǒng)碳酸鹽巖地層的白云石化作用具有由下向上程度逐漸減弱的趨勢(shì)。橫向上同樣存在程度差異,即順南地區(qū)中-下奧陶統(tǒng)白云石化程度不高,鷹山組下部以灰質(zhì)白云巖為主,但越往古城墟方向,白云巖含量越高,至古隆1井區(qū)附近鷹山組底部已變?yōu)榧儼自茙r地層。由于研究區(qū)內(nèi)未見(jiàn)大規(guī)模蒸發(fā)巖地層,因此排除了同生/準(zhǔn)同生期的“蒸發(fā)泵”模式以及滲透回流模式成因,白云巖主要為淺埋藏白云石化、中埋藏白云石化(過(guò)渡環(huán)境)和深埋藏白云石化三個(gè)成巖階段的產(chǎn)物,相比之下,中埋藏成因形成的細(xì)晶(自形/半自形)白云巖地層具有更優(yōu)良的儲(chǔ)集性,為交代顆粒灘或早期淺埋藏環(huán)境下形成的泥粉晶白云巖持續(xù)云化作用的產(chǎn)物;后期的熱液在該層段主要以改造調(diào)整為主,甚至帶有一定的充填破壞作用。根據(jù)包裹體測(cè)溫測(cè)鹽、稀土元素和微量元素等地化特征分析,熱液流體具有混合性質(zhì),由巖漿活動(dòng)提供熱源,地層水提供主要的流體來(lái)源,巖漿熱液與地層鹵水混合后形成了中-低溫、高鹽度的硅化熱液,硅質(zhì)可能來(lái)源于深部巖漿分異。認(rèn)為順南地區(qū)發(fā)育的熱液型儲(chǔ)層可能與多期的火山活動(dòng)有關(guān),海西晚期可能是順南地區(qū)熱液活動(dòng)的主要時(shí)期。
[Abstract]:The paper takes the carbonate formation of the Lower Ordovician in the north slope of Tazhong, Tarim Basin as the research object, and the main research work area is located in the southern block of Shunto, the north-west oil field in China, and the Guelung area in the northern part of the Block 4. On the premise of extensive review and absorption of the previous research results, using the carbonate reservoir geology as the theoretical guidance, using the theory of sedimentary petrology, structural geology, reservoir geochemistry, etc. to make full use of the existing physical data, combined with the identification of the sheet and the scanning electron microscope, The structural characteristics, the petrological characteristics, the lithological characteristics, the sedimentary facies division and the diagenesis type of the carbonate reservoir in the north slope of Tazhong are carried out by the micro/ macro-analysis means such as the cathode luminescence, the electron probe, the geochemical analysis and the seismic and well logging. The detailed study of the diagenetic evolution sequence, the reservoir space, the combination type and the distribution and so on, and finally the reservoir development characteristics, the main control factors and the formation mechanism, the comprehensive evaluation of the carbonate reservoir in the north slope of the Tazhong is carried out: the structural pattern aspect, the plane, The north slope area of Tazhong is present as a single-inclined structural form with low northwest and high southeast, which is affected by the sectional activities of the fault zone of the southern orogenic belt and the Tazhong No. I fault zone, and the structural pattern of the 鈥渢he partition of things, the upper and lower layers鈥，

本文編號(hào)：2386884