發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-12-08 14:49

【摘要】：滄州地區(qū)多年來(lái)大量開采深淺層地下水,破壞了咸淡水層的界面,并導(dǎo)致了咸水面下移,對(duì)下部含水層有較大的影響。本文以滄州地區(qū)地下水中的鹽分為研究對(duì)象,在歷史資料收集分析、野外水文地質(zhì)調(diào)查、取樣測(cè)試分析的基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)比分析了歷史階段和現(xiàn)階段地下水TDS的空間分布規(guī)律,探討了滄州深層和淺層地下水中TDS的空間分布特征、演化特點(diǎn)及成因,并且通過(guò)對(duì)地質(zhì)資料的收集建立了地下水流模型,對(duì)淺層地下水中鹽分向深層地下水運(yùn)移的特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了預(yù)測(cè),并對(duì)各主控因素對(duì)鹽分的影響程度進(jìn)行了分析。結(jié)果表明：(1)從1980年到現(xiàn)在30余年,滄州地區(qū)深、淺層地下水的TDS均呈升高趨勢(shì),淺層水TDS高的區(qū)域從濱海向區(qū)域中部逐漸擴(kuò)大,深層水TDS仍為濱海中部西部；凈補(bǔ)給量減少和海水入侵是淺層地下水TDS增大的主要原因,超量開采地下水是深層地下水中TDS增大的主要原因。(2)由地下水水流的數(shù)值模擬可知,鹽分隨著地下水開采時(shí)間的增加,擴(kuò)散范圍逐漸增大,隨地下水埋藏深度的增加影響逐漸降低。深層抽水量對(duì)鹽分垂向遷移的影響最大,并促進(jìn)鹽分的垂向遷移；彌散度的增加也能促進(jìn)鹽分的垂向遷移；淺層抽水量的增加在一定程度上阻礙了鹽分的垂向遷移；天窗的滲透系數(shù)在某個(gè)范圍內(nèi)的增大可促進(jìn)鹽分的垂向遷移。
[Abstract]:In Cangzhou area, groundwater in deep and shallow layers has been exploited in large quantities for many years, which has destroyed the interface of salt and light water layer, and led to the downward movement of salty water surface, which has great influence on the lower aquifer. On the basis of historical data collection and analysis, field hydrogeological investigation and sampling analysis, the spatial distribution of groundwater TDS in the historical stage and present stage is compared and analyzed in this paper, taking the salt in the groundwater in Cangzhou area as the research object. The spatial distribution characteristics, evolution characteristics and causes of TDS in deep and shallow groundwater in Cangzhou are discussed, and the groundwater flow model is established by collecting geological data. The characteristics of salt migration from shallow groundwater to deep groundwater are predicted, and the influence of main controlling factors on salt content is analyzed. The results are as follows: (1) from 1980 to now, the TDS of shallow groundwater in Cangzhou area has been increasing, and the area with high TDS in shallow water has gradually expanded from the coastal water to the middle of the region, and the deep water TDS is still in the western part of the coastal area; The decrease of net recharge and the invasion of seawater are the main reasons for the increase of TDS in shallow groundwater, and the increase of TDS in deep groundwater is mainly caused by over-exploitation of groundwater. (2) from the numerical simulation of groundwater flow, we can know that, With the increase of groundwater exploitation time, the diffusion range increases gradually, and the influence decreases with the increase of groundwater burial depth. The effect of deep water pumping on the vertical migration of salt is the greatest, and the vertical migration of salt is promoted, the increase of dispersion can also promote the vertical migration of salt, the increase of shallow water pumping hinders the vertical migration of salt to some extent. The vertical migration of salt can be promoted by the increase of the permeability coefficient of the skylight in a certain range.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧工程技術(shù)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：P641.3

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