【摘要】：西安地裂縫是一種特殊的區(qū)域性地質(zhì)災(zāi)害,給西安市的城市建設(shè)、工農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展造成很大的危害,給人民的人生安全和財產(chǎn)安全構(gòu)成了巨大的威脅,同時還嚴重制約著西安的城市規(guī)劃、土地的合理有效利用、地下水的開采和城市地下空間的開發(fā)利用。正是西安地裂縫的引起地面沉降災(zāi)害的特殊性和威脅城市發(fā)展進程與人居安全的嚴重性,引起了地質(zhì)界的高度重視,對地裂縫進行了近數(shù)十年的研究,在地裂縫的勘察、形成機理和防治對策方面取得了眾多研究成果。本文大量收集西安市地裂縫的勘察資料和研究成果,綜合現(xiàn)場調(diào)查與現(xiàn)場鉆探、室內(nèi)土工試驗、數(shù)值模擬,重點分析了跨地裂縫帶建筑物的破壞機制和地裂縫帶的影響寬度。首先,收集了地裂縫的區(qū)域地質(zhì)資料,簡單闡述了西安地裂縫發(fā)育的地質(zhì)背景和分布規(guī)律。然后通過對西安市建筑物受地裂縫破壞影響的調(diào)查,收集地裂縫活動影響下建筑物破壞的信息資料,建立了跨地裂縫建筑物基礎(chǔ)在地裂縫作用下的力學模型,從宏觀上總結(jié)和分析跨地裂縫建筑物破壞致災(zāi)的規(guī)律,進而研究地裂縫對建筑物基礎(chǔ)的破壞機制。其次,在已有地裂縫科研成果的基礎(chǔ)上,從西安地裂縫運動的活動特征、地裂縫帶兩側(cè)巖土物理力學性質(zhì)差異性和地裂縫的破裂區(qū)范圍及影響區(qū)范圍三個方面著重探討了跨地裂縫帶建筑物受地裂縫影響的主要因素。最后,以有限元數(shù)值模擬分析為依據(jù),來研究建筑物基礎(chǔ)跨越不同傾角地裂縫時的破壞機理模式和不同傾角地裂縫的影響范圍,并初步提出地裂縫帶上建筑物的防治措施。
[Abstract]:Xi'an ground fissure is a special regional geological disaster, which causes great harm to the construction of Xi'an city and the development of industry and agriculture, and poses a great threat to the safety of people's life and property. At the same time, it also restricts the urban planning of Xi'an, the rational and effective utilization of land, the exploitation of groundwater and the development and utilization of urban underground space. It is the particularity of the ground subsidence disaster caused by the ground fissures in Xi'an, the seriousness of threatening the development process of the city and the security of human settlements, which has aroused the great attention of the geological circles. The research on the ground fissures has been carried out in recent decades, and the investigation of the ground fissures has been carried out. Many research achievements have been made on the formation mechanism and prevention and cure measures. This paper collects a large number of survey data and research results of ground fissures in Xi'an city, synthesizes field investigation and field drilling, laboratory geotechnical test, numerical simulation, and emphatically analyzes the failure mechanism of buildings and the influence width of ground fissures zone. Firstly, the regional geological data of the ground fractures are collected, and the geological background and distribution of the ground fractures in Xi'an are briefly described. Secondly, by investigating the influence of ground crack on buildings in Xi'an city, collecting the information of the damage of buildings under the influence of ground fissures, the mechanical model of the foundation of cross-ground fissures under the action of ground fissures is established. This paper summarizes and analyzes the damage and disaster law of buildings with cross-ground fissures from macroscopic view, and then studies the damage mechanism of ground fissures to the foundation of buildings. Secondly, on the basis of the existing scientific research results of ground fissures, from the characteristics of the movement of ground fissures in Xi'an, The difference of physical and mechanical properties of rock and soil on both sides of the ground fissure zone and the range of the fracture zone and the influence area of the ground fracture zone are discussed in this paper. The main factors which affect the structure of the cross ground fracture zone by the ground crack are discussed emphatically. Finally, based on the finite element numerical simulation analysis, the failure mechanism model and the influence range of the ground cracks with different inclination angles are studied, and the prevention measures of the buildings in the ground cracks belt are put forward preliminarily.
【學位授予單位】：長安大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TU470;P642.26

【引證文獻】

相關(guān)會議論文 前1條

1 王蘭生;;地面沉降與地裂縫及其防災(zāi)對策[A];中國科協(xié)2002年減輕自然災(zāi)害研討會論文匯編之二[C];2002年

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本文編號：2332738