【摘要】：隨著人類社會(huì)對能源需求量的持續(xù)增長,常規(guī)油氣的資源量逐年減少,頁巖氣等非常規(guī)油氣資源的開發(fā)利用變得尤為重要。由于頁巖氣在賦存方式及運(yùn)移方式方面的特殊性,研究頁巖氣的流動(dòng)特性,對頁巖氣的開發(fā)開采具有重要意義。本文采用數(shù)值模擬方法,開發(fā)了頁巖氣流動(dòng)過程的計(jì)算程序,研究了頁巖氣的流動(dòng)特性。對于頁巖基質(zhì)中的流動(dòng),研究了定壓力出口邊界條件下基質(zhì)中的壓力分布及流量變化規(guī)律,獲得了解吸附作用對基質(zhì)中壓力及流量的影響；通過對各參數(shù)模量的定義,對比了滲透率壓縮系數(shù)、孔隙率壓縮系數(shù)以及甲烷動(dòng)力粘度壓縮系數(shù)對流量的影響。對于頁巖整體的開發(fā)過程,利用“基質(zhì)——天然裂縫—水力裂縫”三重介質(zhì)流動(dòng)模型,建立了頁巖氣流動(dòng)數(shù)學(xué)模型,數(shù)值求解了耦合三重介質(zhì)的頁巖氣流動(dòng)過程的數(shù)學(xué)方程,分析了不同井底流壓、水力裂縫長度、水力裂縫數(shù)目以及Langmuir體積等因素對氣體產(chǎn)量的影響規(guī)律。研究結(jié)果表明,解吸附作用的存在會(huì)維持儲(chǔ)層的壓力,提高頁巖氣的產(chǎn)能；孔隙率壓縮系數(shù)越大,初始產(chǎn)氣量越大,產(chǎn)氣速率下降的也越快,低孔隙率壓縮系數(shù)儲(chǔ)層的穩(wěn)產(chǎn)能力強(qiáng)于高孔隙率壓縮系數(shù)儲(chǔ)層。出口壓力對頁巖氣會(huì)造成很大的影響,出口壓力越低,頁巖氣產(chǎn)量下降速度越快；水力裂縫越長,流量越大,但隨著水力裂縫長度的增加,流量增長速度下降；水力裂縫數(shù)目越多,總流量越大,但隨著裂縫條數(shù)的增加,增產(chǎn)效果下降；在前期生產(chǎn)過程,Langmuir體積對產(chǎn)量的影響效果可以忽略不計(jì),生產(chǎn)一定時(shí)間之后,Langmuir體積越高,儲(chǔ)層的穩(wěn)產(chǎn)能力越強(qiáng)。
[Abstract]:With the continuous growth of energy demand in human society, the amount of conventional oil and gas resources decreases year by year, and the exploitation and utilization of unconventional oil and gas resources such as shale gas become particularly important. Because of the particularity of shale gas in storage mode and migration mode, it is of great significance to study the flow characteristics of shale gas for the development and exploitation of shale gas. In this paper, a numerical simulation program for shale gas flow process is developed, and the flow characteristics of shale gas are studied. For the flow in shale matrix, the pressure distribution and flow rate variation in the matrix under the condition of constant pressure outlet boundary are studied, and the influence of adsorption on the pressure and flow rate in the matrix is understood. The effects of permeability compression coefficient porosity compression coefficient and methane dynamic viscosity compression coefficient on the flow rate are compared by defining the modulus of each parameter. For the whole development process of shale, the mathematical model of shale gas flow is established by using the "matrix natural fissure hydraulic fracture" triple medium flow model, and the mathematical equation of shale gas flow process in coupled triplet medium is solved numerically. The effects of different bottom hole pressure, hydraulic fracture length, number of hydraulic fractures and Langmuir volume on gas production are analyzed. The results show that the existence of desorption can maintain the reservoir pressure and increase the productivity of shale gas. The larger the porosity compression coefficient is, the greater the initial gas production is, and the faster the gas production rate decreases, the more stable the production capacity of the low porosity compression coefficient reservoir is than that of the high porosity compression coefficient reservoir. The lower the export pressure, the faster the shale gas production decline, the longer the hydraulic fracture, the larger the flow rate, but the lower the hydraulic crack length, the lower the flow rate. The more the number of hydraulic cracks, the larger the total discharge, but with the increase of the number of cracks, the effect of increasing production decreased. In the early production process, the effect of Langmuir volume on production can be ignored. After a certain time of production, the higher the volume of Langmuir, the stronger the stable production capacity of reservoir.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P618.13

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