【摘要】：東天山造山帶是中亞造山帶的重要組成部分,顯生宙期間經(jīng)歷了復(fù)雜的演化過程,喀拉塔格火山巖出露于東天山哈密以南的大黑山地區(qū),前人工作相對(duì)比較薄弱,對(duì)其進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)的巖石學(xué)和地球化學(xué)研究對(duì)恢復(fù)東天山構(gòu)造演化歷史有重要意義。本文在系統(tǒng)總結(jié)前人研究資料的基礎(chǔ)上,以喀拉塔格火山巖為研究對(duì)象,通過詳細(xì)的野外實(shí)地考察,系統(tǒng)的巖石學(xué)、地球化學(xué)、同位素分析,重新厘定了喀拉塔格地區(qū)火山巖的巖石組合和地層序列特征,論證了喀拉塔格火山巖的巖石成因和構(gòu)造屬性,揭示了其對(duì)古天山洋和天山造山帶演化的重要意義,并取得以下成果(1)喀拉塔格火山巖形成的構(gòu)造環(huán)境:喀拉塔格火山巖包括玄武巖、安山巖、英安巖、流紋巖一系列巖石,以中性火山巖為主,總體具有鈣堿性系列趨勢(shì),稀土元素球粒隕石標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化配分圖解顯示右傾型和平坦型的特征,微量元素原始地幔標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化圖解中顯示相對(duì)富集大離子親石元素(Rb,Ba,Th,Pb),相對(duì)虧損高場(chǎng)強(qiáng)元素(Nb,Ta,Ti),負(fù)的εNd(t)和古老的繼承鋯石均說明喀拉塔格火山巖形成于陸緣弧環(huán)境。(2)喀拉塔格火山巖演化過程和源區(qū)特征:東天山喀拉塔格火山是在天山古老基底上形成的陸緣島弧,地幔楔中尖晶石二輝橄欖巖在受熔體交代下發(fā)生部分熔融形成中-基性巖漿,初始巖漿經(jīng)歷結(jié)晶分異過程演化形成中-酸性巖漿,巖漿上升就位中受到過一定程度的地殼混染。(3)通過總結(jié)前人研究區(qū)域地質(zhì)資料,特別是喀拉塔格年代學(xué)資料,將喀拉塔格火山巖形成時(shí)代限制在晚古生代石炭世,結(jié)合區(qū)域內(nèi)廣泛出露早晚石炭世島弧性質(zhì)的火山巖和侵入巖,至少古天山洋在早石炭世依然沒有閉合,依然處于俯沖環(huán)境,可能一直持續(xù)至晚石炭世�？窕鹕綆r是中天山弧組成部分,為中天山弧的演化提供了陸緣弧火山巖方面的證據(jù),同時(shí)為東天山廣泛分布的古生代火山巖(特別是石炭系火山巖)的整體演化特征提供了新的地質(zhì)證據(jù)。
[Abstract]:The East Tianshan orogenic belt is an important part of the Central Asian orogenic belt. During the Phanerozoic period, the Karatagh volcanic rocks emerged in Dashan region, south of Hami in the East Tianshan Mountains, and the previous work was relatively weak. The systematic study of petrology and geochemistry is of great significance to the restoration of the history of tectonic evolution of the East Tianshan Mountains. On the basis of summarizing the previous research data systematically, this paper takes Karatag volcanic rock as the research object, through the detailed field investigation, systematic petrology, geochemistry, isotope analysis, The rock assemblages and stratigraphic sequence characteristics of volcanic rocks in Karatagh area are redefined, the petrogenesis and tectonic properties of Karatagic volcanic rocks are demonstrated, and the significance of these characteristics to the evolution of paleoTianshan ocean and Tianshan orogenic belt is revealed. The main results are as follows: (1) the tectonic environment formed by Karatag volcanic rocks includes basalt, andesite, rhyolite and a series of rocks, mainly neutral volcanic rocks, with a general trend of calc-alkaline series. The normalized partition diagram of chondrites of rare earth elements shows the characteristics of right dip and flat type, and the trace element primitive mantle standardization diagram shows relative enrichment of large ion lithophile elements (Rb,Ba,Th,Pb) and relative depletion of high field strength elements (Nb,). (Ta,Ti), Both the negative 蔚 Nd (t) and the ancient inherited zircon indicate that the Karatag volcanic rocks were formed in the continental margin arc environment. (2) the evolution process and source characteristics of the Karatag volcanic rocks: the Karatag Volcano in the East Tianshan Mountains is located in the ancient basement of Tianshan Mountains. The island arc formed on the continental margin, The spinel lherzolite in the mantle wedge is partially melted to form a meso-basic magma under the melt metasomatism, and the initial magma evolves through the crystallization differentiation process to form the intermediate-acid magma. Magmatic uplift and emplacement have been contaminated by crustal mixing to a certain extent. (3) by summarizing the regional geological data of previous studies, especially the Karatag chronology data, the formation of Karatagic volcanic rocks was limited to the late Paleozoic Carboniferous, and the time of formation of Karatagic volcanic rocks was limited to the late Paleozoic Carboniferous. In combination with the volcanic rocks and intrusive rocks which are widely exposed in the early Carboniferous, at least the Paleo-Tianshan Ocean has not been closed in the early Carboniferous, is still in a subduction environment, and may last until the late Carboniferous. The Karatag volcanic rocks are part of the middle Tianshan arc, which provides evidence for the evolution of the middle Tianshan arc in the continental margin. It also provides new geological evidence for the evolution characteristics of Paleozoic volcanic rocks (especially Carboniferous volcanic rocks) widely distributed in the East Tianshan Mountains.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：P588.14

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