【摘要】：自然條件下西南巖溶地區(qū)降水量充沛,但由于有特殊的地質(zhì)環(huán)境,使該地區(qū)地表滯水能力很差,降水迅速滲入地下,造成地表缺水,地下水很豐富的特殊現(xiàn)象,因此巖溶地區(qū)生活和生產(chǎn)用水主要取自地下。但在西南地區(qū)只有極少數(shù)作為科研對象的地下水系統(tǒng)才有長期觀測資料,大部分地下水系統(tǒng)沒有詳細(xì)的資料,且傳統(tǒng)的評價方法不適合處于規(guī)劃設(shè)計(jì)階段的地下水系統(tǒng),因此建立一種在規(guī)劃設(shè)計(jì)階段對自然條件下的地下水系統(tǒng)調(diào)蓄功能進(jìn)行評價的模型是很有必要的。巖溶地下水系統(tǒng)調(diào)蓄功能評價涉及復(fù)雜的影響因子體系,單個因子所包含的信息有限,無法全面判斷系統(tǒng)的調(diào)蓄功能。本文通過對地下水系統(tǒng)的補(bǔ)給條件、蓄水條件、給水條件等相關(guān)條件進(jìn)行綜合考慮,根據(jù)一定的原則篩選出巖溶地下水系統(tǒng)調(diào)蓄功能的評價因子;利用層次分析法(AHP)計(jì)算各因子權(quán)重值,通過專家打分確定各評價因子評分體系,建立評價因子體系;最終選用加乘混合合成法對數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行綜合計(jì)算。巖溶地下水系統(tǒng)調(diào)蓄功能本文分三個等級:優(yōu)、良、差;選取前人已勘察評價過的地下水系統(tǒng),利用所建立模型綜合評價,根據(jù)綜合評價值確定調(diào)蓄功能等級值域,并建立巖溶地下水系統(tǒng)調(diào)蓄功能等級標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。該模型綜合考慮了地下水資源的形成、分布、儲存和運(yùn)移特征,不同于傳統(tǒng)的定量評價的思維,從水文學(xué)原理的角度,綜合考慮地球表層因素和水文、生態(tài)環(huán)境、氣候等條件對巖溶水資源的影響,建立模型對巖溶地下水系統(tǒng)調(diào)蓄功能進(jìn)行綜合評價。本文得出主要結(jié)論:1、確定了研究巖溶地下水系統(tǒng)調(diào)蓄功能的評價因子;2、建立了評分體系和綜合評價模型;3、得出巖溶地下水系統(tǒng)調(diào)蓄功能等級標(biāo)準(zhǔn);4、模型經(jīng)檢驗(yàn)適用于巖溶區(qū)地下水系統(tǒng)。
[Abstract]:There is plenty of precipitation in the karst area of southwest China under natural conditions, but because of the special geological environment, the surface water retention capacity in this area is very poor, and the precipitation rapidly seeps into the ground, resulting in the special phenomenon that the surface is short of water and the groundwater is very rich. Therefore, water for life and production in karst areas is mainly taken from underground. However, in southwest China, only a few groundwater systems, which are the objects of scientific research, have long-term observation data. Most groundwater systems do not have detailed data, and the traditional evaluation methods are not suitable for groundwater systems in the planning and design stage. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a model to evaluate the regulation and storage function of groundwater system under natural conditions in the planning and design stage. The evaluation of regulation and storage function of karst groundwater system involves complex influence factor system, and the information contained by single factor is limited, so it is impossible to judge the regulation and storage function of the system. Based on the comprehensive consideration of the recharge condition, water storage condition and water supply condition of the groundwater system, the evaluation factors of the regulation and storage function of the karst groundwater system are selected according to certain principles. The weight value of each factor is calculated by (AHP), and the evaluation factor system is established by the expert scoring system. Finally, the data are synthetically calculated by adding and multiplying the mixed composition method. The regulation and storage function of karst groundwater system is divided into three levels: excellent, good and poor; The groundwater system which has been surveyed and evaluated by predecessors is selected. The comprehensive evaluation of the established model is used to determine the range of regulation and storage function grade according to the comprehensive evaluation value and the standard of regulating and storing function grade of karst groundwater system is established. The model takes into account the formation, distribution, storage and migration characteristics of groundwater resources, which is different from the traditional thinking of quantitative evaluation. From the perspective of hydrology, the model considers the surface factors of the earth, hydrology and ecological environment. The influence of climate and other conditions on karst water resources is studied. A model is established to evaluate the regulation and storage function of karst groundwater system. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: 1, the evaluation factors for studying the regulation and storage function of karst groundwater system are determined; 2, the scoring system and comprehensive evaluation model are established; 3, the criteria for regulating and storing function of karst groundwater system are obtained. 4. The model is suitable for groundwater system in karst area.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：貴州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P641.134

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本文編號：2308698