【摘要】：董箐水庫(kù)位于貴州省鎮(zhèn)寧縣與貞豐縣的交界處,于2009年8月開始蓄水。北盤江地震臺(tái)網(wǎng)在董箐水庫(kù)蓄水后記錄到了大量微地震,臺(tái)網(wǎng)采用的快速地震定位算法精度不高,而要深入研究庫(kù)區(qū)的地震活動(dòng)、精細(xì)結(jié)構(gòu)等需要更精確的定位結(jié)果。因此,本文采用定位精度更高的雙差定位法對(duì)記錄到的地震進(jìn)行重新定位,精確的地震定位結(jié)果可以為庫(kù)區(qū)地震活動(dòng)規(guī)律提供更詳細(xì)的信息,并可以為認(rèn)識(shí)董箐水庫(kù)誘發(fā)地震形成機(jī)制提供更多地球物理學(xué)依據(jù)。首先,利用雙差定位法對(duì)2010年2月1日至2016年12月31日發(fā)生在董箐庫(kù)區(qū)監(jiān)測(cè)區(qū)(105.4°-106.0°E,25.2°-25.7°N)的2626次地震事件進(jìn)行重新定位,得到2144次事件的精確定位結(jié)果。重定位后均方根殘差(RMSCT)由0.2126s降低至0.0723s,東西、南北、垂向平均定位誤差分別為184.5m,208.5m,303.5m,定位結(jié)果得到良好改善。其次,基于定位結(jié)果,對(duì)董箐水庫(kù)區(qū)域地震活動(dòng)性進(jìn)行分析。結(jié)果顯示,董箐水庫(kù)在2009年8月開始蓄水之后,地震活動(dòng)性增強(qiáng)。董箐庫(kù)區(qū)在2010年2月至2015年11月間地震頻次總體呈減少趨勢(shì),地震活動(dòng)性減弱。該時(shí)間段庫(kù)區(qū)進(jìn)入應(yīng)變積累期。董箐庫(kù)區(qū)于2015年底地震活動(dòng)性突然增強(qiáng),這可能是由于庫(kù)區(qū)應(yīng)變積累達(dá)到較高水平后釋放應(yīng)變能導(dǎo)致的。再次,根據(jù)董箐庫(kù)區(qū)地震活動(dòng)規(guī)律,對(duì)庫(kù)區(qū)地震活動(dòng)做了時(shí)空演化特征分析。結(jié)果表明,董箐水庫(kù)在蓄水初期(2010年2月1日至2010年9月30日),水庫(kù)大壩東側(cè)和東北側(cè)出現(xiàn)大量地震,且震源深度較淺,與蓄水過(guò)程有較強(qiáng)響應(yīng)關(guān)系。隨著蓄水時(shí)間推移,地震有往大壩南側(cè)的壩草斷裂遷移的現(xiàn)象。并且,隨著蓄水時(shí)間的推移,地震有往距大壩更遠(yuǎn)和更深處遷移的現(xiàn)象。最后,根據(jù)董箐庫(kù)區(qū)地震活動(dòng)時(shí)空演化特征并結(jié)合庫(kù)區(qū)構(gòu)造環(huán)境、巖石巖性和水位變化規(guī)律等,對(duì)董箐水庫(kù)區(qū)為地震形成機(jī)制進(jìn)行討論。在蓄水初期,誘發(fā)地震的主要因素是庫(kù)水荷載;蓄水位穩(wěn)定后,誘發(fā)地震的主要因素是庫(kù)水滲透引起的孔隙壓力增加。根據(jù)這艾斷裂附近地震叢集的震源深度分布,推測(cè)出了這艾斷裂的傾向和傾角。
[Abstract]:Dongqing Reservoir, located at the junction of Zhenning County and Zhenfeng County, Guizhou Province, began to store water in August 2009. The Beipanjiang seismic network recorded a large number of micro-earthquakes after the Dongqing reservoir was impounded. The accuracy of the fast seismic location algorithm used in the network is not high, but more accurate location results are needed to deeply study seismic activities and fine structures in the reservoir area. Therefore, the double-difference positioning method with higher positioning accuracy is used to relocate the recorded earthquakes, and accurate seismic location results can provide more detailed information for the seismic activity law in the reservoir area. It can provide more geophysical basis for understanding the formation mechanism of Dongqing reservoir induced earthquake. First, 2626 seismic events occurred in Dongqing reservoir area (105.4 擄-106.0 擄EN 25.2 擄-25.7 擄N) from February 1, 2010 to December 31, 2016 were relocated by using the double difference location method, and the exact location results of 2144 events were obtained. The root mean square residuals (RMSCT) were reduced from 0.2126s to 0.0723s after repositioning. The average positioning errors in east-west, north-south, and north-south were 184.5 mg, 208.5 m-1 and 303.5 m, respectively, and the positioning results were well improved. Secondly, based on the location results, the regional seismicity of Dongqing reservoir is analyzed. The results showed that the seismic activity increased after Dongqing reservoir began to store water in August 2009. From February 2010 to November 2015, the frequency of earthquakes in Dongqing reservoir area decreased and the seismicity weakened. In this period, the reservoir area entered the period of strain accumulation. The seismic activity in Dongqing reservoir area suddenly increased at the end of 2015, which may be due to the release of strain energy after strain accumulation reached a high level in the reservoir area. Thirdly, according to the regularity of seismic activity in Dongqing reservoir area, the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of seismic activity in the reservoir area are analyzed. The results show that a large number of earthquakes occurred on the east and northeast side of the dam in the early stage of Dongqing reservoir's water storage (from February 1, 2010 to September 30, 2010), and the focal depth is relatively shallow, which has a strong response relationship with the water storage process. As the storage time goes on, the earthquake migrates to the south of the dam. Moreover, as the storage time goes on, the earthquake migrates farther and deeper from the dam. Finally, according to the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of seismic activities in Dongqing reservoir area and the structural environment, lithology and water level variation law of the reservoir area, the mechanism of earthquake formation in Dongqing reservoir area is discussed. In the early stage of water storage, the main factor of inducing earthquake is reservoir water load, and the main factor of inducing earthquake is the increase of pore pressure caused by reservoir water permeation after the reservoir water level is stabilized. Based on the focal depth distribution of the earthquake cluster near the Ai fault, the tendency and inclination of the fault are inferred.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：P315.728;TV697.24

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