威遠地區(qū)寒武系頁巖儲層特征及選區(qū)評價方法研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-09-17 15:11
【摘要】：隨著能源供需矛盾的日益突出,油氣勘探開發(fā)領域逐漸向著煤層氣、頁巖氣等非常規(guī)油氣方向發(fā)展。四川盆地長寧-威遠地區(qū)發(fā)育下寒武統(tǒng)筇竹寺組和下志留統(tǒng)龍馬溪組兩套優(yōu)質的海相烴源巖。最近幾年來,在中石油長寧-威遠區(qū)塊針對頁巖氣的多個探井連續(xù)獲得工業(yè)性氣流,展現(xiàn)出了盆地南部下古生界頁巖氣巨大的勘探前景,而其中寒武系頁巖勘探情況較低,具有進一步的勘探潛力。本論文以“威遠地區(qū)寒武系頁巖儲層特征及選區(qū)評價方法研究”為題,采用有機地球化學、沉積學、以及儲層特征研究等理論方法對威遠地區(qū)寒武系頁巖儲層特征進行系統(tǒng)研究,建立頁巖氣勘探選區(qū)評價指標體系提出了選區(qū)評價的三種方法。通過巖心觀察和測井資料綜合分析,威遠地區(qū)寒武系筇竹寺組發(fā)育淺海泥質深水陸棚。頁巖沉積穩(wěn)定,單層厚度大且分布廣。筇竹寺組巖心分析:有機碳含量分布范圍為1.65%~2.85%,其平均有機碳含量較高,為2.15%,屬于較好烴源巖,同時也達到了有效頁巖有機碳豐度下限。筇竹寺組頁巖瀝青折算鏡質體反射率Ro在2.2%~4.4%之間,大部分地區(qū)分布在3.2%~4.4%之間。頁巖的有機質熱演化程度處于過成熟階段,在平面上變化特征表現(xiàn)為西北低,東南高,在樂山-井研-威遠一帶的成熟度相對較低,Ro在2.2%~2.6%之間,東南部的宜賓地區(qū)Ro高達3.2%~4.4%。筇竹寺組頁巖有機質來源于水生低等生物,干酪根碳同位素組成特征表現(xiàn)為Ⅰ型及Ⅱ1型。通過頁巖氬離子拋光薄片環(huán)境掃描觀察,頁巖受到強烈壓實作用和熱演化作用影響,孔隙類型以無機孔為主,有機孔為輔,局部發(fā)育微裂縫。筇竹寺組頁孔隙度平均2.85%,孔徑主要為0.0366~0.1465um。頁巖脆性礦物含量均較高,一般超過40%,有利于后期壓裂改造。測、錄井顯示其含氣性較好,而頁巖氣井均為工業(yè)氣流,游離氣和吸附氣并存,微裂縫為其主要滲流通道。頁巖氣分布主要受頁巖展布控制,具有大面積連續(xù)成藏的特征。由于頁巖生烴、儲集以及保存條件的差異,大面積連續(xù)分布范圍內的不同地區(qū)或區(qū)塊,頁巖氣富集程度也有所差異。針對盆地中南部海相頁巖氣在勘探起步階段的地質資料情況,從頁巖氣成藏主控因素出發(fā),建立頁巖氣勘探選區(qū)評價指標及其評價標準,提出頁巖氣勘探有利區(qū)塊優(yōu)選的綜合評價方法。頁巖氣選區(qū)評價結果的可靠性,不僅取決于頁巖有機碳含量、孔隙度以及脆性礦物含量等多種參數(shù)的認識程度,評價指標取值和指標權重的合理性也對頁巖氣選區(qū)評價具有重要影響,勘探有利區(qū)選擇取決于頁巖的生氣、儲氣、保存及開采條件。頁巖氣選區(qū)評價的常規(guī)方法,如評分法等,雖然原理簡單,應用方便,但是具有評價指標變化范圍與評分標準之間的均質性以及評價等級之間具有突變性等顯著缺點。針對頁巖氣選區(qū)評價諸多因素的不確定性和特殊復雜性,采用模糊相似理論計算評價區(qū)塊指標值與有利區(qū)、較有利區(qū)或不利區(qū)指標值的相似程度系數(shù)。實例計算表明,模糊相似評價法克服了常規(guī)方法的不足之處,計算過程的操作性強,能夠提高頁巖氣選區(qū)評價結果的可靠性。
[Abstract]:With the increasingly prominent contradiction between energy supply and demand, the field of oil and gas exploration and development is gradually developing towards unconventional oil and gas, such as coal-bed methane and shale gas. Several exploration wells of shale gas have continuously obtained industrial gas flow, which shows great exploration prospects of Lower Paleozoic shale gas in the southern part of the basin. The exploration situation of middle Cambrian shale is low and has further exploration potential. The characteristics of Cambrian shale reservoirs in Weiyuan area are systematically studied by the methods of geochemistry, sedimentology and reservoir characteristics study. Three methods for evaluation of shale gas exploration area selection are put forward by establishing evaluation index system. Through core observation and comprehensive analysis of logging data, shallow-sea mudstone is developed in the Cambrian Qiongzhusi Formation in Weiyuan area. Deep water shelf. Shale deposits are stable, single layer thick and widely distributed. Core analysis of the Qiongzhusi Formation shows that the organic carbon content ranges from 1.65% to 2.85%, and the average organic carbon content is 2.15%. It belongs to better source rocks and reaches the lower limit of organic carbon abundance of effective shale. The organic matter thermal evolution degree of the shale is in the overmature stage, which is low in the northwest and high in the southeast. The maturity in Leshan-Jingyan-Weiyuan area is relatively low, Ro is between 2.2% and 2.6%, and Ro is up to 3.2%-4.4% in Yibin area in the southeast. Carbon isotope compositions of kerogen are characterized by type I and type II 1. The argon ion polished shale slices show that the shale is strongly compacted and thermally evolved. The pore types are mainly inorganic pore, supplemented by organic pore, and micro-cracks are locally developed. The content of brittle minerals in shale is higher than 40%, which is favorable for later fracturing. Logging shows that the gas-bearing property is better, while the shale gas wells are industrial gas, free gas and adsorbed gas coexist, and micro-fractures are the main percolation channels. Because of the difference of shale hydrocarbon generation, reservoir and preservation conditions, the enrichment degree of shale gas varies in different areas or blocks in the large area of continuous distribution. The evaluation index and criteria of shale gas exploration area selection are put forward. The reliability of the evaluation results of shale gas exploration area selection depends not only on the understanding of shale organic carbon content, porosity and brittle mineral content, but also on the rationality of evaluation index value and index weight. The selection of favorable exploration areas depends on shale gas generation, gas storage, preservation and production conditions. Although the conventional methods of shale gas selection evaluation, such as scoring method, are simple in principle and convenient in application, they have the homogeneity between the range of evaluation indexes and the scoring criteria and the evaluation grades. In view of the uncertainty and special complexity of many factors in shale gas selection evaluation, the similarity coefficient between the index values of evaluation blocks and those of favorable areas, favorable areas and unfavorable areas is calculated by using fuzzy similarity theory. The computational process is highly operational and can improve the reliability of the results of shale gas evaluation.
【學位授予單位】：成都理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P618.13
本文編號：2246300
[Abstract]:With the increasingly prominent contradiction between energy supply and demand, the field of oil and gas exploration and development is gradually developing towards unconventional oil and gas, such as coal-bed methane and shale gas. Several exploration wells of shale gas have continuously obtained industrial gas flow, which shows great exploration prospects of Lower Paleozoic shale gas in the southern part of the basin. The exploration situation of middle Cambrian shale is low and has further exploration potential. The characteristics of Cambrian shale reservoirs in Weiyuan area are systematically studied by the methods of geochemistry, sedimentology and reservoir characteristics study. Three methods for evaluation of shale gas exploration area selection are put forward by establishing evaluation index system. Through core observation and comprehensive analysis of logging data, shallow-sea mudstone is developed in the Cambrian Qiongzhusi Formation in Weiyuan area. Deep water shelf. Shale deposits are stable, single layer thick and widely distributed. Core analysis of the Qiongzhusi Formation shows that the organic carbon content ranges from 1.65% to 2.85%, and the average organic carbon content is 2.15%. It belongs to better source rocks and reaches the lower limit of organic carbon abundance of effective shale. The organic matter thermal evolution degree of the shale is in the overmature stage, which is low in the northwest and high in the southeast. The maturity in Leshan-Jingyan-Weiyuan area is relatively low, Ro is between 2.2% and 2.6%, and Ro is up to 3.2%-4.4% in Yibin area in the southeast. Carbon isotope compositions of kerogen are characterized by type I and type II 1. The argon ion polished shale slices show that the shale is strongly compacted and thermally evolved. The pore types are mainly inorganic pore, supplemented by organic pore, and micro-cracks are locally developed. The content of brittle minerals in shale is higher than 40%, which is favorable for later fracturing. Logging shows that the gas-bearing property is better, while the shale gas wells are industrial gas, free gas and adsorbed gas coexist, and micro-fractures are the main percolation channels. Because of the difference of shale hydrocarbon generation, reservoir and preservation conditions, the enrichment degree of shale gas varies in different areas or blocks in the large area of continuous distribution. The evaluation index and criteria of shale gas exploration area selection are put forward. The reliability of the evaluation results of shale gas exploration area selection depends not only on the understanding of shale organic carbon content, porosity and brittle mineral content, but also on the rationality of evaluation index value and index weight. The selection of favorable exploration areas depends on shale gas generation, gas storage, preservation and production conditions. Although the conventional methods of shale gas selection evaluation, such as scoring method, are simple in principle and convenient in application, they have the homogeneity between the range of evaluation indexes and the scoring criteria and the evaluation grades. In view of the uncertainty and special complexity of many factors in shale gas selection evaluation, the similarity coefficient between the index values of evaluation blocks and those of favorable areas, favorable areas and unfavorable areas is calculated by using fuzzy similarity theory. The computational process is highly operational and can improve the reliability of the results of shale gas evaluation.
【學位授予單位】：成都理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P618.13
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