臺南凹陷構造演化及其對油氣成藏的控制作用
發(fā)布時間：2018-09-17 10:01
【摘要】：吐哈盆地是中國西部重要的含油氣盆地之一,也是典型的多旋回疊合盆地,加之盆地夾持于北部博格達山和南部覺羅塔格山之間,構造應力場復雜,不同地質歷史時期構造特征迥異,對不同時期油藏形成產生了重要影響。臺南凹陷作為吐哈盆地內部的一個構造單元,二疊系和三疊系是吐哈盆地油氣勘探的重要領域,正確認識臺南凹陷構造演化及其對油氣藏形成的控制作用,對于指導臺南凹陷二疊系和三疊系油氣勘探具有重要意義。針對臺南凹陷內發(fā)育火焰山斷裂致使下盤構造情況不明、地震品質差等特點,應用斷層相關褶皺理論指導斷裂精細解釋,建立了火焰山斷裂下盤三重斷裂組合的地質模型。識別出臺南凹陷發(fā)育火焰山基底斷裂帶、魯南斷裂帶、魯北斷裂帶和庫北斷裂帶幾條大規(guī)模斷裂,將臺南凹陷分隔形成火北斜坡帶、火焰山斷階帶(玉北)、火焰山斷壘帶、火焰山斷階帶(英也爾構造帶)、魯克沁斷壘帶、魯克沁斷階帶、魯南斜坡帶和庫木斷壘帶(庫木凸起)八個構造單元。由編制構造演化剖面可以看出臺南凹陷經歷5期構造演化階段,即早-中二疊世斷陷階段、晚二疊世逆沖反轉階段、三疊紀強烈逆沖褶皺階段、侏羅紀-中新統(tǒng)平穩(wěn)沉降階段和上新統(tǒng)-現今的調整改造階段。應用古構造恢復技術,對臺南凹陷油氣成藏期二疊系、三疊系古構造進行了恢復,得到構造演化對臺南凹陷二疊系和三疊系油藏形成的控制作用主要有三方面:①在沉積期古構造控制了沉積體系的分布,早中二疊世臺南凹陷表現為西高東低,庫木凸起附近為深湖環(huán)境,物源方向來自西部、北部。晚二疊世進入逆沖反轉階段,庫木凸起開始隆升,東高西低,以東南物源為主;②成藏期之前的古構造為油在臺南凹陷聚集成藏提供了有利的圈閉條件。主要斷裂帶與多期不整合是圈閉形成的重要背景,在魯克沁斷壘帶形成了背沖背斜圈閉�；鹧嫔交讛嗔�、魯北和庫北斷裂下盤形成反向斷層遮擋圈閉。火焰山斷壘帶發(fā)育背斜-不整合遮擋復合圈閉;③成藏期古構造控制了油側向運移的優(yōu)勢通道。砂巖輸導層是臺南凹陷的主要輸導通道,二疊系發(fā)育的7條近南北向古構造脊溝通臺北凹陷源巖區(qū)與臺南凹陷,控制了油長距離側向運移的優(yōu)勢通道,三疊系2條古構造脊在魯克沁斷壘帶發(fā)育,為油在調整后進入三疊系繼續(xù)運移提供優(yōu)勢通道。
[Abstract]:The Turpan-Hami Basin is one of the important petroliferous basins in western China, and is also a typical polycyclic superimposed basin. In addition, the basin is located between the northern Bogda Mountains and the southern Jolotag Mountains, so the tectonic stress field is complex. The structural characteristics of different geological historical periods are very different, which have an important influence on the formation of oil reservoirs in different periods. As a structural unit in the Turpan-Hami Basin, the Permian and Triassic systems are important fields for oil and gas exploration in the Turpan-Hami Basin. The tectonic evolution of the Tainan Sag and its controlling effect on the formation of oil and gas reservoirs are correctly understood. It is of great significance to guide the exploration of Permian and Triassic oil and gas in Tainan sag. In view of the characteristics of Huoyanshan fault developed in Tainan sag, such as unclear structure and poor seismic quality, a geological model of triple fault assemblage of Huoyanshan fault is established by using fault related fold theory to guide the fine interpretation of the fault. Several large-scale faults have been identified in the Huoyanshan basement fault zone, the southern Shandong fault zone, the northern Shandong fault zone and the Kubei fault zone in the Tainan sag. The Tainan sag is separated into the Huo Bei slope zone, the Huoshan fault terrace zone (Yubei), and the Huoyanshan fault barrier zone. Huojianshan fault terrace (Yingyir tectonic belt), Lukeqin fault barrier, Lukeqin fault terrace, southern Shandong slope and Kumu fault barrier (Kumu uplift) are eight tectonic units. From the compilation of tectonic evolution profiles, it can be seen that the Tainan Sag has undergone five stages of tectonic evolution, namely, the early and Middle Permian faulting stage, the late Permian thrust inversion stage, and the Triassic strong thrust fold stage. Jurassic-Miocene stable subsidence stage and Pliocene-present stage of adjustment and transformation. Using paleotectonic restoration technique, the Permian and Triassic paleotectonics in the hydrocarbon accumulation period in Tainan sag have been restored. It is concluded that the tectonic evolution controlled the formation of Permian and Triassic reservoirs in Tainan sag mainly in three aspects: 1. The paleotectonics controlled the distribution of sedimentary system during the sedimentary period, and the early and middle Permian Tainan sag was characterized as low in the west, high in the east and low in the east. The protruding area is deep lake environment, and the source direction comes from the west and north. In the late Permian period, the uplift of the Kumu uplift began to rise, and the east was high and the west was low. The paleotectonics, mainly from the southeastern provenance, provided favorable trap conditions for oil accumulation in Tainan sag. The main fault zone and multi-stage unconformity are the important background of trap formation, and the backthrust anticline trap is formed in Lukeqin fault barrier belt. Huoyanshan basement fault, north Shandong and northern Shandong fault footwall form reverse fault to block trap. The paleotectonics in Huoyanshan fault barrier zone controlled the dominant channel of lateral migration of oil. The sandstone transport layer is the main channel of the Tainan sag. There are 7 Paleotectonic ridges in the Permian system connecting the source rock area of Taipei Sag and Tainan Sag, which control the dominant channel of long distance lateral migration of oil. Two paleotectonic ridges of Triassic developed in Lukeqin fault barrier belt, which provides an advantage channel for oil to continue to migrate into Triassic after adjustment.
【學位授予單位】：東北石油大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P618.13
本文編號：2245518
[Abstract]:The Turpan-Hami Basin is one of the important petroliferous basins in western China, and is also a typical polycyclic superimposed basin. In addition, the basin is located between the northern Bogda Mountains and the southern Jolotag Mountains, so the tectonic stress field is complex. The structural characteristics of different geological historical periods are very different, which have an important influence on the formation of oil reservoirs in different periods. As a structural unit in the Turpan-Hami Basin, the Permian and Triassic systems are important fields for oil and gas exploration in the Turpan-Hami Basin. The tectonic evolution of the Tainan Sag and its controlling effect on the formation of oil and gas reservoirs are correctly understood. It is of great significance to guide the exploration of Permian and Triassic oil and gas in Tainan sag. In view of the characteristics of Huoyanshan fault developed in Tainan sag, such as unclear structure and poor seismic quality, a geological model of triple fault assemblage of Huoyanshan fault is established by using fault related fold theory to guide the fine interpretation of the fault. Several large-scale faults have been identified in the Huoyanshan basement fault zone, the southern Shandong fault zone, the northern Shandong fault zone and the Kubei fault zone in the Tainan sag. The Tainan sag is separated into the Huo Bei slope zone, the Huoshan fault terrace zone (Yubei), and the Huoyanshan fault barrier zone. Huojianshan fault terrace (Yingyir tectonic belt), Lukeqin fault barrier, Lukeqin fault terrace, southern Shandong slope and Kumu fault barrier (Kumu uplift) are eight tectonic units. From the compilation of tectonic evolution profiles, it can be seen that the Tainan Sag has undergone five stages of tectonic evolution, namely, the early and Middle Permian faulting stage, the late Permian thrust inversion stage, and the Triassic strong thrust fold stage. Jurassic-Miocene stable subsidence stage and Pliocene-present stage of adjustment and transformation. Using paleotectonic restoration technique, the Permian and Triassic paleotectonics in the hydrocarbon accumulation period in Tainan sag have been restored. It is concluded that the tectonic evolution controlled the formation of Permian and Triassic reservoirs in Tainan sag mainly in three aspects: 1. The paleotectonics controlled the distribution of sedimentary system during the sedimentary period, and the early and middle Permian Tainan sag was characterized as low in the west, high in the east and low in the east. The protruding area is deep lake environment, and the source direction comes from the west and north. In the late Permian period, the uplift of the Kumu uplift began to rise, and the east was high and the west was low. The paleotectonics, mainly from the southeastern provenance, provided favorable trap conditions for oil accumulation in Tainan sag. The main fault zone and multi-stage unconformity are the important background of trap formation, and the backthrust anticline trap is formed in Lukeqin fault barrier belt. Huoyanshan basement fault, north Shandong and northern Shandong fault footwall form reverse fault to block trap. The paleotectonics in Huoyanshan fault barrier zone controlled the dominant channel of lateral migration of oil. The sandstone transport layer is the main channel of the Tainan sag. There are 7 Paleotectonic ridges in the Permian system connecting the source rock area of Taipei Sag and Tainan Sag, which control the dominant channel of long distance lateral migration of oil. Two paleotectonic ridges of Triassic developed in Lukeqin fault barrier belt, which provides an advantage channel for oil to continue to migrate into Triassic after adjustment.
【學位授予單位】：東北石油大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P618.13
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，本文編號：2245518
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