【摘要】：西秦嶺在大地構(gòu)造位置上是指以寶成鐵路為界的秦嶺造山帶西段,主要分布于甘肅南部境內(nèi)。甘肅西秦嶺地區(qū)成礦地質(zhì)條件優(yōu)越,金礦資源豐富。自上世紀(jì)90年代,區(qū)內(nèi)相繼發(fā)現(xiàn)了大水、拉爾瑪、大橋、李壩、鹿兒壩、李子園、陽山、寨上、早子溝、馬泉、加甘灘等一批大型金礦床,其礦床地質(zhì)特征在我國具有代表性和典型性。本文基于前人關(guān)于甘肅西秦嶺地區(qū)金礦床研究,以礦床學(xué)、礦田構(gòu)造學(xué)、礦產(chǎn)資源勘查學(xué)、巖石學(xué)、地球化學(xué)等專業(yè)理論為指導(dǎo),系統(tǒng)統(tǒng)計了研究區(qū)190余個金礦床地質(zhì)特征,通過對早子溝、李壩礦區(qū)野外地質(zhì)調(diào)查,綜合西秦嶺金礦多種成礦信息,對區(qū)內(nèi)金礦資源特征和賦礦規(guī)律進行了研究,取得主要認識如下:1、對甘肅西秦嶺190余個金礦床地質(zhì)特征系統(tǒng)總結(jié),發(fā)現(xiàn)其空間分布上表現(xiàn)出明顯的成帶性和集中性,依次可劃分為瑪曲-碌曲、夏河-合作、迭部-舟曲、禮縣-岷縣、天水-兩當(dāng)、文縣-碧口六個金礦資源集中區(qū)。2、結(jié)合前人研究及礦床地質(zhì)特征的總結(jié),按賦礦巖石、礦石特征將區(qū)內(nèi)金礦床劃分為構(gòu)造蝕變巖型、石英脈型、硅質(zhì)巖型、矽卡巖型、斑巖型、疊加復(fù)合型。3、研究區(qū)內(nèi)金礦賦礦巖性是以碎屑巖為主,賦礦地層時代主要集中在泥盆系、三疊系及下古生界等。地層含金性的研究指示,區(qū)內(nèi)金源主要來自于地層而非中酸性巖脈。區(qū)內(nèi)硫源屬于殼源沉積硫,δ32S平均值變化大,不均一;大水等金礦C-O同位素特征同樣也指示了流體的殼源特征;Pb源在西秦嶺金礦成礦系統(tǒng)中基本一致,來自于造山帶與下地殼。4、根據(jù)在早子溝金礦、李壩金礦區(qū)各礦段對礦體的實際詳細觀察,認為次級小構(gòu)造、構(gòu)造裂隙在成礦中起到重要且明顯控礦作用。5、通過對甘肅西秦嶺地區(qū)金礦成礦與構(gòu)造、地層、巖體之間關(guān)系的梳理,歸納了構(gòu)造、地層、中酸性巖體群等重要控礦因素,提出了西秦嶺成礦模式。
[Abstract]:The western Qinling orogenic belt is the western segment of Qinling orogenic belt bounded by Baocheng railway, which is mainly distributed in the southern part of Gansu province. The West Qinling area of Gansu Province has superior metallogenic geological conditions and abundant gold resources. Since the 1990s, a number of large gold deposits have been discovered in the region, such as Dashui, Larma, Bridge, Liba, Luerba, Liziyuan, Yangshan, Zhai Shang, Zaozigou, Ma Quan, Jiagantan, and so on. The geological characteristics of the deposit are representative and typical in China. Based on the previous studies of gold deposits in the West Qinling area of Gansu Province and guided by the theories of ore deposit science, ore field tectonics, mineral resources exploration, petrology and geochemistry, the geological characteristics of more than 190 gold deposits in the study area are systematically counted. Based on the field geological investigation of the Zaizigou and Liba mining areas and synthesizing various metallogenic information of the West Qinling gold deposit, this paper studies the characteristics and the ore-bearing regularity of gold resources in the area. The main conclusions are as follows: 1. The geological characteristics of more than 190 gold deposits in the West Qinling Mountains of Gansu Province have been systematically summarized. It is found that their spatial distribution shows obvious zonation and centrality, which can be divided into Maqu Luqu, Xihe Cooperation and Diego Zhouqu in turn. Lixian-Minxian, Tianshui-Lidang, Wenxian-Bikou six gold resources concentration areas. 2. Combined with previous studies and summary of geological characteristics of ore deposits, gold deposits in this area are divided into structural altered rock type and quartz vein type according to ore-bearing rocks and ore characteristics. Siliceous rock type, skarn type, porphyry type, superimposed compound type. The ore-bearing rocks of gold deposits in the study area are mainly clastic rocks, and the ore-bearing strata are mainly concentrated in Devonian, Triassic and Lower Paleozoic. The study of gold bearing in formation indicates that the gold source in this area mainly comes from strata, not from intermediate-acid veins. Sulfur sources in the area belong to crust-source sedimentary sulfur, 未 32s mean values vary greatly and inhomogeneously, and the C-O isotopic characteristics of gold deposits such as Dashui also indicate that the crust source characteristics of the fluid are basically consistent in the metallogenic system of the West Qinling gold deposit. From the orogenic belt and the lower crust. 4. According to the actual detailed observation of ore bodies in the Zaizigou gold deposit and the Liba gold deposit, it is considered that the secondary small structure, Structural fissures play an important and obvious ore-controlling role in mineralization. By combing the relationship between mineralization and structure, strata and rock mass of gold deposits in West Qinling area, Gansu Province, important ore-controlling factors such as structure, strata, intermediate-acid rock mass group and so on are summarized. The metallogenic model of the West Qinling Mountains is proposed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：P618.51

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