【摘要】：大地電磁測深是以吉洪諾夫(A.N.Tikhonov,1950)和卡尼亞(L.Cagnird,1953)所提出的經(jīng)典理論為基礎(chǔ)。大地電磁測深法在勘查隱伏金屬礦產(chǎn)、預(yù)測地震、研究火山深部構(gòu)造、研究地殼巖石圈結(jié)構(gòu)、研究隱伏巖溶水結(jié)構(gòu)、調(diào)查地?zé)崽锏确矫娑及l(fā)揮著重要作用。大地電磁正演計(jì)算是我們了解地下地質(zhì)體對電磁場響應(yīng)的重要手段。大地電磁反演是根據(jù)已有的大地電磁響應(yīng)還原大地介質(zhì)的電性分布。因此,對大地介質(zhì)進(jìn)行正反演模擬計(jì)算,進(jìn)一步把握大地介質(zhì)的大地電磁響應(yīng)和影響規(guī)律。為了更加真實(shí)的反映地下不良地質(zhì)體的分布情況,本文基于正演模擬指導(dǎo)反演解釋。論文的主要內(nèi)容包括以下幾方面:1)分析MT正反演的研究現(xiàn)狀、概述本文研究的主要內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)安排。2)研究MT測深基本原理。從Maxwell方程組出發(fā),推導(dǎo)電磁場波動(dòng)方程和邊界方程。分析均勻半空間和二層介質(zhì)條件下大地電磁場的表達(dá)形式。3)研究MT正演基本原理。著重分析利用有限單元法求解大地電磁正演問題。對一維、二維模型有限元正演的數(shù)值模擬、有限單元的剖分、邊值問題、變分問題進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的推導(dǎo)。4)研究MT反演基本原理。研究基于先驗(yàn)約束條件的正則化反演、最小二乘光滑約束反演,以及幾種常用二維反演方法目標(biāo)函數(shù)的構(gòu)造過程。5)研究EH4電磁測深系統(tǒng)的原理和EH4系統(tǒng)野外工作方法技術(shù),將其應(yīng)用于寧夏某地區(qū)地下水資源勘查項(xiàng)目。在分析區(qū)域水文地質(zhì)條件和地球物理特征的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合前人的研究成果,對實(shí)測資料進(jìn)行快速松弛二維處理,并進(jìn)行地質(zhì)解釋,為勘查區(qū)域的地下水水質(zhì)做出評價(jià)。6)總結(jié)本文主要的研究成果、存在的問題以及進(jìn)一步的研究方向。
[Abstract]:The magnetotelluric sounding is based on the classical theory put forward by Tikhonov (A.N. Tikhonovi 1950) and Kania (L. Cagnirdl 1953). Magnetotelluric sounding (MT) plays an important role in prospecting hidden metallic minerals, predicting earthquakes, studying deep volcanic structures, studying crustal lithospheric structures, studying concealed karst water structures, and investigating geothermal fields. Magnetotelluric forward modeling is an important means for us to understand the response of underground geological bodies to electromagnetic fields. Magnetotelluric inversion is based on the existing magnetotelluric response to reduce the electrical distribution of magnetotelluric media. Therefore, the magnetotelluric response and the influence law of the earth medium are further grasped by the forward and inverse simulation calculation of the earth medium. In order to reflect the distribution of underground bad geological bodies more realistically, the inversion interpretation is guided by forward modeling. The main contents of this paper are as follows: 1) analyzing the present situation of MT forward and inverse modeling, summarizing the main contents and structure of this paper) studying the basic principle of MT sounding. The electromagnetic wave equation and boundary equation are derived from Maxwell equations. The basic principle of MT forward modeling is studied by analyzing the expression form of magnetotelluric field in homogeneous half-space and two-layer medium. The finite element method is used to solve the forward magnetotelluric problem. The basic principle of MT inversion is studied by deducing the numerical simulation of finite element forward modeling, finite element dissection, boundary value problem and variational problem in detail. The regularization inversion based on a priori constraint condition, the least square smoothing constrained inversion, and the construction process of objective function of several commonly used two-dimensional inversion methods are studied.) the principle of EH4 electromagnetic sounding system and the field work method of EH4 system are studied. It is applied to the exploration project of groundwater resources in a certain area of Ningxia. Based on the analysis of the regional hydrogeological conditions and geophysical characteristics, combined with the previous research results, the measured data were processed rapidly by two dimensional relaxation, and the geological interpretation was carried out. In this paper, the main research results, existing problems and further research directions are summarized.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P631.325;P641.7

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