【摘要】：大同盆地位于華北克拉通中部,自晚中新世以來經(jīng)歷了持續(xù)強(qiáng)烈的伸展作用。本文從地構(gòu)造應(yīng)力場(chǎng)、玄武巖演化兩個(gè)方面對(duì)大同盆地新生代淺部伸展和與深部作用進(jìn)行分析。在構(gòu)造應(yīng)力場(chǎng)方面,根據(jù)邊界斷裂的擦痕數(shù)據(jù),反演控制大同盆地形成的構(gòu)造應(yīng)力場(chǎng)是：σ1垂直,σ2、σ3水平,σ2的方位角為60°,σ3方位角為150°,為NW向伸展的正斷型構(gòu)造應(yīng)力場(chǎng),不同于華北東部NE向擠壓的走滑型構(gòu)造應(yīng)力場(chǎng)。對(duì)盆地內(nèi)新生代玄武巖的研究表明,大同地區(qū)堿性玄武巖所占的比例隨著時(shí)間不斷下降,大同盆地內(nèi)部堿性玄武巖Yb含量不斷上升,暗示了巖石圈的不斷減薄。本文首次獲得大峪口玄武巖K-Ar年齡為0.68±0.13Ma。分析認(rèn)為,淺部構(gòu)造應(yīng)力場(chǎng)的形成與深部地幔活動(dòng)相一致,大同與華北東部構(gòu)造應(yīng)力場(chǎng)的差異性對(duì)應(yīng)巖石圈厚度變化的差異性。據(jù)此,本文提出了大同盆地的形成演化模式：在晚中生代以來的華北巖石圈減薄基礎(chǔ)上,10-8 Ma以來,軟流圈上涌,地幔活動(dòng)將熱量傳遞給地殼,造成脆性上地殼出現(xiàn)一定強(qiáng)度的NW向伸展構(gòu)造應(yīng)力場(chǎng),控制了大同裂谷型盆地形成演化。此過程可能受到了青藏高原東向擠出和太平洋西向俯沖的聯(lián)合影響。本文為建立鄂爾多斯地塊東緣山西地塹系的運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)和動(dòng)力學(xué)模型提供了新的依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Datong Basin is located in the central part of North China Craton and has undergone intensive extensional process since Late Miocene. This paper analyzes the shallow extension and deep action of Datong Basin in Cenozoic from two aspects of tectonic stress field and basalt evolution. The tectonic stress field formed in the basin is_1 vertical, _2, _3 horizontal, _2 azimuth is 60 degrees, _3 azimuth is 150 degrees. It is a NW extensional normal tectonic stress field, which is different from the NE compressional strike-slip tectonic stress field in eastern North China. The K-Ar age of the Dayukou basalt is 0.68+0.13 Ma for the first time. The analysis shows that the formation of the shallow tectonic stress field is consistent with the deep mantle activity, and the difference between the Datong and the eastern North China tectonic stress field is opposite. According to the difference of lithospheric thickness, this paper puts forward the formation and evolution model of Datong basin: on the basis of lithospheric thinning in North China since Late Mesozoic, asthenosphere has been upwelling since 10-8 Ma, and mantle activity has transferred heat to the crust, resulting in a certain intensity of NW-trending extensional tectonic stress field in the brittle upper crust. The formation and evolution of the syn-rift basin may be influenced by the East extrusion of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the West subduction of the Pacific Ocean.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：合肥工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：P542

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