發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-09 13:24

【摘要】：天山-北山成礦帶是我國(guó)西部地區(qū)三個(gè)重要成礦區(qū)帶之一,區(qū)內(nèi)變質(zhì)作用強(qiáng)烈,成礦條件優(yōu)越,變質(zhì)巖區(qū)亦分布十分廣泛。而且這些變質(zhì)巖區(qū)往往集中了成礦帶內(nèi)大量的銅、金等金屬礦床。由于這些變質(zhì)巖區(qū)地處我國(guó)新疆東部、甘肅西北部和內(nèi)蒙古西部等地區(qū),區(qū)內(nèi)多荒漠戈壁,氣候惡劣,植被稀疏,人煙稀少,野外工作條件十分艱苦。但是,干旱的氣候,較低植被覆蓋度,卻十分有利于遙感技術(shù)在該區(qū)域內(nèi)發(fā)揮自己的優(yōu)勢(shì)。本文在分析辛格爾、雅滿蘇、白石灘等三個(gè)變質(zhì)巖區(qū)典型巖性光譜特征的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合不同巖性的特征波段,構(gòu)建變質(zhì)巖區(qū)WorldView-2高分辨率影像與ASTER中等分辨率多光譜影像的協(xié)同數(shù)據(jù),試圖利用協(xié)同數(shù)據(jù)的特征波段比值對(duì)變質(zhì)巖區(qū)內(nèi)基性巖脈、片麻巖、大理巖、石英巖與石英片巖等進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的增強(qiáng)處理。針對(duì)變質(zhì)巖區(qū)典型巖性特征波段而制作的協(xié)同影像主要覆蓋可見光-近紅外波段,以及短紅外區(qū)間。協(xié)同數(shù)據(jù)很好地繼承了WorldView-2數(shù)據(jù)高分辨率優(yōu)勢(shì),同時(shí)彌補(bǔ)了WorldView-2沒有短波紅外和熱紅外波段的缺陷。相對(duì)于ASTER影像,協(xié)同數(shù)據(jù)不僅豐富了其可見光-近紅外區(qū)間的光譜信息,而且有效提高了自身數(shù)據(jù)在短波紅外、熱紅外區(qū)間的空間分辨率。在辛格爾研究區(qū),利用基性巖脈與圍巖光譜特征的差異,通過WorldView-2與ASTER協(xié)同影像的band4/band8,可以將研究區(qū)內(nèi)基性巖脈從圍巖中增強(qiáng)出來；利用斜長(zhǎng)石、鉀長(zhǎng)石光譜曲線的差異,通過WorldView-2與ASTER協(xié)同影像協(xié)同影像的band5/band3,可以將研究區(qū)鉀長(zhǎng)花崗質(zhì)片麻巖與斜長(zhǎng)花崗質(zhì)片麻巖增強(qiáng)出來；利用大理巖、石英巖、石英片巖的光譜差異,通過WorldView-2與ASTER協(xié)同影像協(xié)同影像的band14/band13,可以將石英巖、石英片巖從圍巖大理巖中增強(qiáng)出來。最后,通過這三類典型巖性的比值因子,進(jìn)行區(qū)域內(nèi)假彩色合成,形成的研究區(qū)增強(qiáng)影像對(duì)巖性的識(shí)別和解譯有了很大的幫助,提升了變質(zhì)巖區(qū)域影像整體的解譯能力。
[Abstract]:Tianshan-Beishan metallogenic belt is one of the three important metallogenic zones in western China. Moreover, these metamorphic rock areas tend to concentrate a large number of copper, gold and other metal deposits in the metallogenic belt. These metamorphic rock regions are located in the eastern part of Xinjiang, northwest Gansu and western Inner Mongolia. There are many desert Gobi, bad climate, sparse vegetation, sparsely populated, and very difficult field working conditions. However, arid climate and low vegetation coverage are very helpful for remote sensing technology to exert its advantages in the region. Based on the analysis of the typical lithologic spectral characteristics of three metamorphic rock areas, Singer, Yamansu and Baishitan, this paper combines the characteristic bands of different lithology. The synergetic data of WorldView-2 high resolution image and ASTER medium resolution multispectral image in metamorphic rock area were constructed. The characteristic band ratio of synergetic data was used to analyze the basic vein, gneiss and marble in metamorphic rock area. Quartzite and quartz schist are treated with corresponding enhancement. According to the typical lithologic characteristic bands of metamorphic rocks, the cooperative images mainly cover the visible and near infrared bands, as well as the short infrared regions. The cooperative data inherits the advantage of high resolution of WorldView-2 data and makes up for the defect of WorldView-2 without shortwave infrared and thermal infrared bands. Compared with ASTER images, the cooperative data not only enriches the spectral information in the visible and near infrared region, but also effectively improves the spatial resolution of their own data in the short-wave infrared and thermal infrared regions. In the study area of Singer, by using the difference of spectral characteristics between basic vein and surrounding rock, the basic vein can be enhanced from surrounding rock by band4 / band8 of WorldView-2 and ASTER, and the difference of spectral curve of plagioclase and potash feldspar can be used to make use of the spectral curve of plagioclase and potash feldspar. By using band5 / band3 of WorldView-2 and ASTER, we can enhance kalium granitic gneiss and plagioclase granitic gneiss, and make use of spectral difference of marble and quartz schist. The quartzite and quartz schist can be enhanced from the surrounding marble by band14 / band13 of WorldView-2 and ASTER. Finally, through the ratio factors of these three types of typical lithology, the pseudocolor synthesis in the region is carried out. The enhanced image of the study area is of great help to the recognition and interpretation of lithology, and improves the overall interpretation ability of the metamorphic rock region image.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：杭州師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：P627

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