【摘要】：侏羅系是準(zhǔn)噶爾盆地油氣勘探的主力層系之一,現(xiàn)已探明的以構(gòu)造油氣藏為主的烏夏地區(qū)油氣勘探面積達(dá)2000km2。前人已對該地區(qū)進(jìn)行了地質(zhì)構(gòu)造、地層層序、沉積相等方面的研究,但對儲層巖石學(xué)特征和沉積學(xué)特征的研究不夠系統(tǒng),對沉積微相的精細(xì)研究較少。本文在前人研究的基礎(chǔ)上,綜合運(yùn)用地震、鉆井、測井、分析化驗(yàn)等資料,對烏夏地區(qū)侏羅系地層劃分、物源方向、沉積特征、沉積相縱橫向展布等進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)性的研究,取得了以下成果和認(rèn)識:①綜合儲層巖石組分、成分成熟度、結(jié)構(gòu)成熟度、重礦物分布特征、地層厚度、砂礫巖厚度等特征對研究區(qū)目的層的物源方向進(jìn)行分析,結(jié)果表明,該區(qū)侏羅系各組的物源具有良好的繼承性,主要有兩個(gè)方向的物源,一是研究區(qū)北部的哈拉阿拉特山,二是北東方向的和什特洛蓋地區(qū)。②對研究區(qū)的巖性特征、沉積構(gòu)造、粒度特征以及電性特征因素進(jìn)行了分析,確定了各沉積相的相標(biāo)志,做出了單井沉積相圖。③結(jié)合區(qū)內(nèi)單井沉積相圖,確定該區(qū)侏羅系的沉積體系為沖積扇-辮狀河-辮狀河三角洲體系,其中:八道灣組發(fā)育河道、心灘、泛濫平原和辮狀分支河道、陸上天然堤、沼澤微相;三工河組和西山窯組均發(fā)育河道、心灘、泛濫平原和辮狀分支河道;頭屯河組發(fā)育發(fā)育河道、泛濫平原和辮狀分支河道;齊古組地層部分被剝蝕,發(fā)育辮狀河(河道充填、心灘、泛濫平原)。④在湖盆演化背景下,編制了研究區(qū)侏羅系沉積相縱剖面圖以及各小層的沉積相平面圖,分析得出侏羅系沉積相演化規(guī)律:八道灣組沉積時(shí)期,盆地總體以發(fā)育辮狀河-辮狀河三角洲沉積為特征,氣候潮濕,形成含煤的粗碎屑沉積。三工河組沉積初期,由于受西北緣扎伊爾山地層抬升影響,研究區(qū)主要發(fā)育辮狀河河道亞相,沉積中后期,盆地經(jīng)歷了大規(guī)模的湖侵,凹陷中心以三角洲沉積為主,扎伊爾山物源形成巨大的辮狀河三角洲沉積。西山窯組沉積時(shí)期,盆地西部整體隆升導(dǎo)致沉積缺失,靠近扎伊爾山一側(cè)辮狀河分布較廣,湖泊范圍僅分布于盆地凹陷中心;研究區(qū)山前向凹陷中心過渡地帶仍然依托扎伊爾山的物源形成巨大的辮狀河三角洲沉積,當(dāng)時(shí)氣候溫濕,形成大面積的泛濫沼澤、濱湖沼澤、河流沼澤環(huán)境,成為煤層發(fā)育的極盛時(shí)期。頭屯河組沉積時(shí)期,山前以辮狀河沉積為特征,凹陷中心湖盆逐漸縮小,研究區(qū)內(nèi)大面積沉積三角洲平原。齊古組沉積時(shí)期,盆地構(gòu)造活動比較活躍,地層快速剝蝕、快速沉積,巖性以紅色(暗紅)沉積為主,氣候干熱;以發(fā)育辮狀河相為特征,地層被大量剝蝕,地震剖面上顯示為削蝕接觸關(guān)系。
[Abstract]:Jurassic is one of the main strata of oil and gas exploration in Junggar Basin. Previous studies on the geological structure, stratigraphic sequence and sedimentary equivalence have been carried out in this area, but the petrological and sedimentary characteristics of the reservoir are not systematically studied, and the fine study of sedimentary microfacies is less. On the basis of previous studies, this paper makes a systematic study of Jurassic stratigraphic division, provenance direction, sedimentary characteristics, longitudinal and horizontal distribution of sedimentary facies in Wuxia area by synthetically using seismic, drilling, logging, analysis and laboratory data. Obtained the following results and understanding of the reservoir rock composition, composition maturity, structural maturity, heavy mineral distribution characteristics, formation thickness, sand gravel thickness and other characteristics of the target layer of the study area material source direction analysis, the results show that, The source of Jurassic groups in this area has good inheritance, and there are mainly two directions of provenance, one is the Arrate Mountain in the north of the study area, the other is the lithologic characteristics and sedimentary structure of the study area in the north-east direction and in the Stelokei area. The grain size characteristics and electrical characteristic factors are analyzed, the facies marks of each sedimentary facies are determined, and the single well sedimentary facies diagram .3 is made in combination with the single well sedimentary facies diagram in the area. The sedimentary system of Jurassic in this area is the alluvial fan-braided river delta system, in which the Badaowan formation has developed river channels, Xintan, flood plains and braided branch rivers, natural levees on land and marsh microfacies; The channel, Xintan, flood plain and braided branch channel are developed in Sangonghe formation and Xishanyao formation; the river channel, flood plain and braided branch channel are developed in Toutunhe formation; the strata in Qigu formation are partly denuded and braided river is developed. (4) in the background of lake basin evolution, the longitudinal profile of Jurassic sedimentary facies and the sedimentary facies plan of each layer in the study area were compiled, and the evolution law of Jurassic sedimentary facies was obtained: the sedimentary period of Badaowan formation, The basin is characterized by braided river-braided river delta deposits with humid climate and coarse clastic deposits containing coal. In the early sedimentary period of the Sangonghe formation, the braided river subfacies were mainly developed in the study area due to the uplift of the Zairian mountain strata in the northwestern margin. The basin experienced large-scale lake transgression in the middle and late stage of the sedimentary period, and the center of the depression was mainly delta sedimentation. The Zairian mountain source forms a huge braided river delta deposit. During the sedimentary period of Xishanyao formation, the whole uplift of the western part of the basin resulted in the lack of sediment, and the braided river near the side of the Zaire mountain was widely distributed, and the lake area was only distributed in the center of the basin depression. The transition zone from the front of the mountain to the center of the depression in the study area still relies on the provenance of the Zairian Mountains to form a huge braided river delta deposit. At that time, the climate was warm and humid, forming a large area of flood swamps, lakeside swamps, and river swamp environments. Become the peak period of coal seam development. In the sedimentary period of the Toutunhe formation, the braided river deposits are the characteristics in the front of the mountains, and the lake basin in the center of the depression gradually shrinks, and a large area of sedimentary delta plain is studied in the study area. During the sedimentary period of Qigu formation, the basin was active in tectonic activity, rapid denudation and rapid deposition of strata, the lithology of which was dominated by red (dark red) deposits, and the climate was dry and hot, characterized by the development of braided river facies, and the massive denudation of the strata. The seismic profile shows an erosion contact relationship.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：新疆大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P618.13;P534.52

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本文編號：2164091