本文選題：圖像信息(PI)方法 + 改進(jìn)型圖像信息(MPI)方法��； 參考：《中國地震局地震預(yù)測研究所》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：本論文首先通過詳細(xì)學(xué)習(xí)圖像信息方法(Pattern Informatics Method,簡稱“PI”)在地震中長期危險(xiǎn)性預(yù)測研究中的應(yīng)用,進(jìn)一步分析、總結(jié)了前人利用改進(jìn)型圖像信息方法(Modified Pattern Informatics Method,簡稱“MPI”)在地震電磁衛(wèi)星資料中的應(yīng)用,通過對DEMETER衛(wèi)星觀測資料進(jìn)行消除長趨勢變化的數(shù)值處理,提取電離層差異動(dòng)態(tài)場,在數(shù)據(jù)處理上進(jìn)一步改進(jìn)和完善該方法在提取震前電離層異常信息的應(yīng)用。通過較多的震例研究,以期獲得地震電離層異常統(tǒng)計(jì)特征,并探討淺源與深源地震、海洋與陸地地震之間異常的區(qū)別與聯(lián)系。主要研究內(nèi)容如下:1、本文通過總結(jié)國內(nèi)外關(guān)于利用法國DEMETER衛(wèi)星觀測數(shù)據(jù)來識別和提取地震電離層擾動(dòng)異常研究的主要方法研究以及所存在的問題,主要介紹了改進(jìn)型圖像信息方法(Modified Pattern Informatics Method,簡稱MPI方法)應(yīng)用于提取地震電離層異常信息的研究進(jìn)展與前景。2、為了更好地突出和提取地震所引起的電離層電子參量的擾動(dòng)異常,本文對DEMETER衛(wèi)星在2007-2009年觀測的電離層電子濃度(Ne)、電子溫度(Te)的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了消除由太陽活動(dòng)等引起的長趨勢變化,以殘差值來作為MPI方法的輸入量,以期提高地震電離層擾動(dòng)異常的信噪比。3、對比研究了海洋低緯地區(qū)和陸地中緯地區(qū)電離層的電子參量變化特征,發(fā)現(xiàn):電子濃度(Ne)、電子溫度(Te)隨地理位置、地方時(shí)的變化分布特征基本相似。其中電子濃度值在海洋低緯地區(qū)明顯高于陸地中緯地區(qū),電子溫度值陸地中緯地區(qū)高于海洋低緯地區(qū),二者的變化曲線趨勢基本一致。4、利用改進(jìn)型圖像信息方法(Modified Pattern Informatics Method,簡稱“MPI”),基于DEMETER衛(wèi)星觀測的電子濃度(Ne)、電子溫度(Te)的殘差值數(shù)據(jù)探索了14次2007-2009年全球7.0級、國內(nèi)6.0級以上地震前出現(xiàn)的地震電離層電子參量異�，F(xiàn)象,以期能夠提取到由地震孕育與發(fā)生所引起的電離層擾動(dòng)異常。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),雖然不同震例出現(xiàn)的異常范圍、異常形態(tài)及幅度有所不同,但震前一個(gè)月左右電子濃度(Ne)、電子溫度(Te)等參量均出現(xiàn)了不同程度的擾動(dòng)異常,震前10天左右異常減弱并趨于平靜,相對于其他方法提取到的異常在震前幾小時(shí)至數(shù)天內(nèi),這一突出特點(diǎn)將使MPI方法在短臨地震預(yù)報(bào)中更具有可操作性。與以往類似的研究相比較,本文的創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)之一為在衛(wèi)星數(shù)據(jù)處理上,進(jìn)一步考慮由太陽活動(dòng)等因素影響的長趨勢變化,通過對長趨勢變化消除獲得的差異動(dòng)態(tài)場更易提取高信噪比的地震電離層異常。創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)之二,實(shí)現(xiàn)了電離層擾動(dòng)信息演化過程全時(shí)空、可對比資料處理,通過較多的震例研究,獲得了更為穩(wěn)定、客觀的地震電離層異常信息,類似于氣象衛(wèi)星云圖的電離層異常擾動(dòng)圖像全時(shí)空演化過程,有利于研究結(jié)果在地震短臨預(yù)測實(shí)踐中的應(yīng)用,為我國地震電磁衛(wèi)星觀測試驗(yàn)積累經(jīng)驗(yàn)。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the application of pattern Informatics method ("Pi") in the study of medium and long term earthquake risk prediction is studied in detail. This paper summarizes the application of modified pattern Informatics method ("MPI") in seismic electromagnetic satellite data, and extracts the ionospheric differential dynamic field by processing the observation data of Demeter satellite to eliminate the long trend change. The application of this method in extracting ionospheric anomaly information before earthquake is further improved and improved in data processing. The statistical characteristics of the ionospheric anomalies of earthquakes are obtained through the study of more earthquake examples, and the differences and relations between the anomalies of shallow and deep source earthquakes, ocean and land earthquakes are also discussed. The main contents of this study are as follows: 1. This paper summarizes the main methods and existing problems of identifying and extracting seismic ionospheric disturbance anomalies by using the observed data of the French Demeter satellite at home and abroad. This paper mainly introduces the application of modified pattern Informatics method (MPI) to the research progress and prospect of extracting seismic ionospheric anomaly information, in order to better highlight and extract the disturbed anomalies of ionospheric electronic parameters caused by earthquakes. In this paper, the data of ionospheric electron concentration (ne) and electron temperature (Te) observed by Demeter from 2007 to 2009 are used to eliminate the long trend changes caused by solar activity, and the residual value is used as the input of MPI method. In order to improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of seismic ionospheric disturbance anomaly, the variation characteristics of electron parameters in the ionosphere in low-latitude ocean and mid-latitude land are compared and studied. It is found that electron concentration (ne) and electron temperature (Te) vary with geographical location. The distribution of local time is basically similar. The electron concentration in the low latitude of the ocean is obviously higher than that in the middle latitude of the land, and the value of electron temperature in the middle latitude of the land is higher than that in the low latitude of the ocean. The trend of the two curves is basically consistent. Using modified pattern Informatics method (MPI), based on the data of electron concentration (ne) and electron temperature (Te) observed by Demeter satellite, the global magnitude of 7.0 was explored for 14 times from 2007 to 2009. In order to extract the ionospheric disturbance anomaly caused by earthquake preparation and occurrence, the phenomenon of ionospheric electron parameter anomaly appeared before the earthquake with magnitude 6.0 or above in China. The results show that although the anomalous range, shape and amplitude of the anomalies vary with different earthquake cases, the parameters such as electron concentration (ne) and electron temperature (Te) are disturbed to varying degrees one month before the earthquake. About 10 days before the earthquake the anomaly weakens and tends to calm. Compared with the anomaly extracted by other methods within a few hours to several days before the earthquake this outstanding feature will make the MPI method more operable in the short-impending earthquake prediction. Compared with similar studies, one of the innovations in this paper is to further consider the long trend changes influenced by solar activity and other factors in satellite data processing. It is easier to extract seismic ionospheric anomalies with high signal-to-noise ratio by eliminating the difference dynamic field. Second, the whole time and space of ionospheric disturbance information evolution can be realized, and more stable and objective seismic ionospheric anomaly information can be obtained through more seismic examples. The whole space-time evolution process of ionospheric anomalous disturbance images similar to meteorological satellite cloud images is beneficial to the application of the research results in the practice of short-term and impending earthquake prediction and the accumulation of experience for the seismo-electromagnetic satellite observation experiments in China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國地震局地震預(yù)測研究所
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P315.728

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本文編號：2094698