本文選題：崩塌 + 災(zāi)害特征��； 參考：《成都理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：四川山地丘陵廣布,地震活動頻繁,極端降雨多發(fā),其誘發(fā)的崩塌災(zāi)害險(xiǎn)情重、危害大、成災(zāi)快。“5.12”地震后大范圍實(shí)施的崩塌防治工程成效顯著,但存在工程失效和災(zāi)害復(fù)發(fā)等現(xiàn)象,因此對防治工程效果評價(jià)非常重要。本文依托《地質(zhì)災(zāi)害綜合防治關(guān)鍵技術(shù)與方法研究》項(xiàng)目,提出利用模糊綜合評價(jià)方法進(jìn)行防治工程效果評價(jià),解決傳統(tǒng)定量統(tǒng)計(jì)評價(jià)的局限,可為四川地質(zhì)災(zāi)害防治任務(wù)提供理論方法。所提出的理論方法可為四川地質(zhì)災(zāi)害防治工程建設(shè)工作提供參考,服務(wù)全省防災(zāi)減災(zāi)工作。參考四川基礎(chǔ)地質(zhì)資料,收集崩塌調(diào)查資料,從崩塌發(fā)育機(jī)制、控制因素和觸發(fā)因素三個(gè)方面,利用傳統(tǒng)統(tǒng)計(jì)方法,總結(jié)四川崩塌災(zāi)害類型與發(fā)育特征;通過收集全省7008個(gè)崩塌災(zāi)害樣本和調(diào)查地震、降雨影響的典型地區(qū)崩塌實(shí)例,利用GIS成圖技術(shù)和統(tǒng)計(jì)分類方法,按地形地質(zhì)條件和崩塌發(fā)育特征,將四川分為3大片區(qū)和8種崩塌成因模式,針對四川地區(qū)崩塌發(fā)育分布的分區(qū)分帶特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行規(guī)律總結(jié)�；诮y(tǒng)計(jì)量化各類型崩塌與各市州地震降雨資料,作為效果評價(jià)的地質(zhì)環(huán)境指標(biāo)之一。基于分形原理和樣本統(tǒng)計(jì)分布情況,利用ArcGIS進(jìn)行全省崩塌易發(fā)性區(qū)劃,可服務(wù)于各市州防治工程級別設(shè)計(jì)。結(jié)合所收集的全省876處崩塌防治工程復(fù)核資料,對工程治理措施按主動治理、被動防護(hù)和輔助措施進(jìn)行分項(xiàng)與組合統(tǒng)計(jì),對各類措施組合類型的適用條件及其適用地區(qū)、各類型崩塌所適用的治理措施進(jìn)行歸納。以130處崩塌防治工程勘察、施工設(shè)計(jì)資料為樣本,總結(jié)主要工程措施的參數(shù)設(shè)計(jì)方法,篩選有效的治理措施作為樣本,統(tǒng)計(jì)其設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù),優(yōu)化治理工程設(shè)計(jì),總結(jié)失效的崩塌防治工程原因。統(tǒng)計(jì)876處崩塌防治工程效果復(fù)核樣本中的工程治理措施有效性、防治工程安全性和防治工程外觀3個(gè)指標(biāo),統(tǒng)計(jì)130處崩塌防治工程勘察、施工設(shè)計(jì)報(bào)告中的崩塌規(guī)模、工程級別、施工工期3個(gè)指標(biāo),結(jié)合上述的地質(zhì)環(huán)境指標(biāo)共7個(gè)指標(biāo)建立防治工程效果評價(jià)指標(biāo)體系。統(tǒng)計(jì)樣本中各指標(biāo)分級分布特征,客觀地劃分出指標(biāo)分段值及其權(quán)重。將量化后的指標(biāo),代入模糊綜合評價(jià)模型,計(jì)算防治工程效果評價(jià)論域矩陣,為防治工程效果進(jìn)行分級。將分級結(jié)果與專家現(xiàn)場復(fù)核資料對比,一致性達(dá)到了73%,驗(yàn)證了該方法的可靠性,并初步應(yīng)用BP神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)進(jìn)行防治效果評價(jià),可作為效果評價(jià)的改進(jìn)方法。
[Abstract]:Sichuan's mountainous hilly areas are widespread, with frequent seismic activities and frequent extreme rainfall. The collapse disaster caused by it is very dangerous, and it is harmful and rapid. The results of the large-scale collapse prevention and control projects implemented after the "5.12" earthquake have been remarkable. But there are some phenomena such as engineering failure and disaster recurrence, so it is very important to evaluate the effect of prevention and control engineering. Based on the project of key techniques and methods for Comprehensive Geological disaster Prevention and Control, this paper puts forward a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to evaluate the effect of prevention and control engineering, and solves the limitation of traditional quantitative statistical evaluation. It can provide a theoretical method for the prevention and control of geological disasters in Sichuan. The proposed theory and method can provide reference for the construction of geological disaster prevention and control engineering in Sichuan province and serve the disaster prevention and mitigation work in the whole province. Referring to the basic geological data of Sichuan Province, collecting the data of collapse investigation, from three aspects of collapse development mechanism, controlling factors and triggering factors, using the traditional statistical method, the types and development characteristics of collapse disaster in Sichuan are summarized. By collecting 7008 samples of collapse disaster and investigating the typical areas affected by earthquakes and rainfall, the authors use GIS mapping technology and statistical classification method, according to the topographic and geological conditions and the characteristics of collapse development. Sichuan is divided into 3 large areas and 8 types of collapse formation patterns, and the characteristics of zoning and zonation of collapse development and distribution in Sichuan are summarized. Based on the statistical quantification of the data of various types of collapses and earthquakes and rainfall in various cities and states, it is regarded as one of the geological environmental indicators for the evaluation of the effects. Based on the fractal principle and the statistical distribution of samples, ArcGIS is used to carry out the regionalization of the risk of collapse in the province, which can be used in the design of prevention and control engineering grade in every city. Combined with the collected data of 876 collapse prevention and control projects in the province, the project control measures are classified and combined according to active control, passive protection and auxiliary measures, and the applicable conditions and applicable areas of all kinds of measures combination types are analyzed. Various types of collapse applicable to the treatment measures to sum up. Taking 130 collapse prevention and control engineering survey and construction design data as samples, the parameter design methods of main engineering measures are summarized, and effective control measures are selected as samples to calculate the design parameters and optimize the control engineering design. The causes of failure collapse prevention and control project are summarized. The effectiveness of engineering control measures, the safety and appearance of prevention and control projects, the survey of 130 collapse prevention projects and the scale of collapse in construction design reports are counted. The evaluation index system of prevention and control engineering effect is established by three indexes of engineering grade and construction period and seven indexes of geological environment indexes mentioned above. The distribution characteristics of each index in the statistical sample are graded, and the index segmenting value and its weight are objectively divided. The quantitative index is replaced by the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model, and the domain matrix of the effect evaluation of the prevention and control engineering is calculated, and the effect of the prevention and control engineering is classified. By comparing the classification results with the field review data of experts, the consistency is 73. The reliability of the method is verified, and the BP neural network is applied to evaluate the prevention and cure effect, which can be used as an improved method of effect evaluation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：P642.21

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