本文選題：阿滿地區(qū) + 線性干擾��； 參考：《成都理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文研究過(guò)程中,首先在全區(qū)開展了連片地震資料處理,采用統(tǒng)一連片靜校正量,優(yōu)化疊前去噪、保幅處理、子波一致性處理等技術(shù)措施,提高了目的層資料的信噪比。同時(shí),進(jìn)行精細(xì)速度分析,改善偏移成像質(zhì)量,使最終成果信噪比得到了大幅度提高,斷點(diǎn)歸位準(zhǔn)確,斷裂清晰。在此基礎(chǔ)上,充分利用已有的研究成果,對(duì)新處理的地震資料,采用地震地質(zhì)綜合標(biāo)定技術(shù)、精細(xì)速度建場(chǎng)技術(shù)、模型正演技術(shù)、地震反演技術(shù)等方法,精細(xì)解釋志留系柯坪塔格組頂面及斷裂,準(zhǔn)確刻畫了各條斷裂特征及斷層展布情況,同時(shí)開展精細(xì)速度建場(chǎng),落實(shí)了構(gòu)造形態(tài),優(yōu)選了有利圈閉目標(biāo)。本文取得了以下幾點(diǎn)認(rèn)識(shí):(1)在地震資料處理過(guò)程中采用針對(duì)性較強(qiáng)的技術(shù)手段,獲取較高品質(zhì)的資料。第一,通過(guò)連片靜校正方法解決基準(zhǔn)面靜校正問(wèn)題,同時(shí)把不同時(shí)期的微測(cè)井信息綜合利用起來(lái),舍去畸變點(diǎn),綜合全局約束連片靜校正量的求取,提高靜校正量的精度,消除了不同年度采集資料的閉合差問(wèn)題,通過(guò)剩余靜校正技術(shù)消除殘留的剩余時(shí)差,改善資料的成像質(zhì)量,取得了較好的效果;第二,采用多種方法聯(lián)合去噪,針對(duì)不同的噪聲類型,分階段、分步驟地使用不同的去噪方法,在炮域、共檢波點(diǎn)域和共中心點(diǎn)域聯(lián)合去噪,逐級(jí)壓制噪音,提高資料的信噪比;第三,優(yōu)化道集,精細(xì)速度分析和切除,提高了疊加、偏移成像精度;第四,采用彎曲射線疊前時(shí)間偏移技術(shù),對(duì)偏移參數(shù)進(jìn)行掃描優(yōu)選和多次迭代調(diào)整疊前時(shí)間偏移速度,最終剖面繞射波收斂,反射波歸位合理,提高了資料的成像精度。(2)重新處理后的地震資料信噪比得到了明顯提高,同相軸連續(xù),保幅性好,頻帶得到拓寬,全區(qū)資料具有較為一致的振幅-頻率特征,對(duì)石炭系走滑斷層的歸位合理,各個(gè)斷層斷點(diǎn)歸位準(zhǔn)確、清晰;對(duì)古生界奧陶系灰?guī)r頂面的的逆沖斷層和走滑斷層的歸位比較準(zhǔn)確,斷面清楚,斷點(diǎn)歸位清晰,為斷裂解釋及發(fā)育期次和構(gòu)造演化研究提高可靠的地震資料;對(duì)志留系斷裂成像也有一定的改善,提高了資料解釋的精度。淺、中、深層均有標(biāo)志性的地震反射同相軸,且標(biāo)志層連續(xù)性較好,各層段地質(zhì)現(xiàn)象豐富,自上而下清晰地反映了地質(zhì)沉積規(guī)律,對(duì)二疊系火成巖頂、底以及內(nèi)幕的各個(gè)火成巖段的刻畫非常清楚,有利于后續(xù)對(duì)火成巖段的速度研究以消除對(duì)火成巖段對(duì)下覆地層的影響;對(duì)地層接觸關(guān)系表現(xiàn)清晰;奧陶系灰?guī)r頂面地震特征明顯,即清晰的反映出了灰?guī)r頂面的形態(tài)。(3)工區(qū)內(nèi)發(fā)育火成巖,斷層非常發(fā)育,斷裂關(guān)系極其復(fù)雜。解釋過(guò)程中采取了一系列措施,指導(dǎo)項(xiàng)目研究工作。充分利用鉆井地質(zhì)分層資料、VSP資料和測(cè)井資料對(duì)地震反射層位和儲(chǔ)層進(jìn)行精細(xì)的標(biāo)定,從上至下精細(xì)解釋了多個(gè)地震反射層作為速度控制層,應(yīng)用層位控制法建場(chǎng)流程建立了阿滿地區(qū)精細(xì)速度場(chǎng)。同時(shí),利用疊后波阻抗反演對(duì)阿滿地區(qū)主要目的層進(jìn)行儲(chǔ)層預(yù)測(cè)及通過(guò)速度反演對(duì)二疊系火成巖段進(jìn)行精細(xì)的速度研究,速度反演充分地利用地震資料的細(xì)節(jié)變化,避免了單一劃分幾類可能產(chǎn)生的誤差,即把地震相進(jìn)行無(wú)限細(xì)分并使之和鉆井的結(jié)果緊密相結(jié)合,從而可進(jìn)一步提高工區(qū)速度場(chǎng)的精度。(4)阿滿地區(qū)二疊紀(jì)火山活動(dòng)較為強(qiáng)烈,斷裂系統(tǒng)復(fù)雜,斷裂發(fā)育受火山巖噴發(fā)中心的影響,其斷裂主要為火成巖相關(guān)斷裂。工區(qū)內(nèi)斷層走向主要是近北東-南西向,局部發(fā)育北西向具有雁列式特征的斷層帶,其走向主要為北東-南西向;同時(shí)受二疊系火山巖噴發(fā)中心的控制—阿滿地區(qū)局部發(fā)育小規(guī)模的環(huán)形斷裂,其基本上控制了阿滿地區(qū)大多數(shù)低幅度圈閉的發(fā)育。(5)志留系柯上段砂巖構(gòu)造形態(tài)表現(xiàn)為西北傾的斜坡,其上發(fā)育一系列受斷裂控制的低幅度圈閉。阿滿4號(hào)構(gòu)造位于工區(qū)北部流紋巖噴發(fā)中心的環(huán)形斷裂內(nèi),是發(fā)育在斜坡背景上的受斷裂控制的背斜,該圈閉在石炭系東河砂巖頂面,志留系柯坪塔格組頂面均存在。在志留系柯坪塔格組頂面構(gòu)造圖上,阿滿4號(hào)圈閉表現(xiàn)為受斷裂控制的自成圈閉。阿滿4號(hào)圈閉基本形成于晚海西期,與油氣運(yùn)移時(shí)間匹配,利于成藏,同時(shí)晚海西期斷裂較為發(fā)育,且多為高角度走滑斷裂可以有效構(gòu)造底部油源,并且后期構(gòu)造運(yùn)動(dòng)基本沒(méi)有破壞油氣藏。綜合研究分析,認(rèn)為阿滿4號(hào)構(gòu)造圈閉最為有利,是目前較為可靠的勘探目標(biāo)。
[Abstract]:In the process of this study, first of all, we carried out a series of seismic data processing in the whole area, using the unified continuous static correction quantity, optimizing the pre stack noise removal, amplitude preserving processing, wavelet conformance processing and other technical measures to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the target data. At the same time, the fine speed analysis was carried out to improve the quality of the migration imaging and the signal to noise ratio of the final results was obtained. On the basis of the existing research results, the newly processed seismic data, the seismic geological comprehensive calibration technology, the fine velocity construction technology, the model forward technique and the seismic inversion technique are used to elaborate the fine interpretation of the top surface and fracture of the Silurian collage group. In this paper, the following points are obtained: (1) using strong technical means to obtain high quality data in the process of seismic data processing. First, to solve the base by the method of continuous static correction. The problem of quasi surface static correction, at the same time, combines the information of micro logging in different periods, to get rid of the distortion point, to obtain the global constraint static correction, to improve the precision of the static correction, to eliminate the closed error of the data collected in different years, to eliminate residual residual time difference by residual static correction technology and to improve the imaging of data. The quality has achieved good results. Second, a variety of methods are used to denoise combined with different noise types. Different denoising methods are used step by step. In the gun domain, common detection point domain and common center point domain are combined to denoise, noise and signal to noise ratio are suppressed step by step; third, optimization of channel set, fine speed analysis and removal, extraction, High superposition and offset imaging precision; fourth, using curved ray prestack time migration technique, the offset parameter is scanned and iteratively adjusted the prestack time migration speed, the final section diffraction wave converges, the reflection wave is reasonable, and the image precision of the data is improved. (2) the signal to noise ratio of the reprocessed seismic data is obvious. On the other hand, the same phase axis is continuous, the amplitude preservation is good, the frequency band is widened, the data of the whole area have a more consistent amplitude frequency characteristic, the homing of the Carboniferous strike slip fault is reasonable, the fault points of each fault are accurate and clear; the back fault and the strike slip fault of the top surface of the Palaeozoic Ordovician limestone are more accurate, the section clear and the broken point homing. Clearly, it can improve the reliable seismic data for the fracture interpretation, the development period and the tectonic evolution research, and also improve the Silurian fracture imaging, and improve the accuracy of the data interpretation. The shallow, middle and deep layers have the marked seismic reflection axis, and the continuity of the mark layer is better, the geological phenomena of each layer are rich and the top-down is clearly reversed. The geological depositional rules are shown, and the portrayal of various igneous rocks at the top, bottom and inside of the Permian igneous rock is very clear. It is beneficial to the study of the velocity of the igneous rock section in order to eliminate the influence on the overlying strata of the igneous rock section and the contact relation of the strata clearly, and the seismic characteristics of the Ordovician limestone top are clearly reflected. The form of the top surface of the limestone. (3) the development of igneous rock in the industrial area, the fault is very developed and the fracture relationship is extremely complex. In the process of interpretation, a series of measures have been taken to guide the research work of the project. The stratified data of drilling geology is fully utilized, the seismic reflection layer and reservoir are finely calibrated by VSP data and logging data, from upper to lower fine interpretation. Several seismic reflection layers are used as speed control layer, and the fine velocity field in the area is established by using the layer control method to build the field process. At the same time, the reservoir prediction of the main target layers in the area of the area and the velocity inversion are used to study the fine velocity of the Permian igneous rock section by the post stack wave impedance inversion, and the velocity inversion is fully utilized. The details of seismic data change to avoid a single division of possible errors, that is, to make an infinite subdivision of the seismic phase and combine it with the results of the drilling. (4) the Permian volcanic activity in the A Man region is more intense, the fracture system is complex, and the fracture development is sprayed by the volcanic rock. The main fault of the center is the related fracture of the igneous rock. The fault trend in the industrial area is mainly near NW NW, and the local development of the fault zone with the characteristics of wild goose column, which is mainly North East and South West, and controlled by the eruption center of the Permian volcanic rocks at the same time. It basically controls the development of most low amplitude traps in the aman area. (5) the sandstone structure of the Silurian section of the upper section of the Silurian section is characterized by a north-west slope and a series of low amplitude traps controlled by fracture. The No. 4 structure is located in the ring fault of the rhyolite Center of the northern part of the industrial area, and is a subject developed on the slope background. On the top surface of the Carboniferous Donghe sandstone roof and the top surface of the Silurian Donghe sandstone group, the top surface of the Silurian Ke Ping tge formation is present. On the top surface of the Silurian Ke Ping tge formation, the No. 4 trap in the Silurian system is a self closed trap controlled by the fault. The aman No. 4 trap is basically formed in the late Hercynian period, which is matched with the migration time of oil and gas, and is beneficial to the accumulation and late sea at the same time. The west stage fault is more developed, and most of the high angle strike slip faults can effectively construct the base oil source, and the late tectonic movement basically does not destroy the oil and gas reservoirs. Comprehensive research and analysis suggest that the 4 structural trap is the most favorable and is the more reliable exploration target at present.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：P618.13;P631.4

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本文編號(hào)：2028657