本文選題：地質(zhì)災(zāi)害 + 危險性　； 參考：《中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：北京作為我國的首都,也是地質(zhì)災(zāi)害多發(fā)城市之一,地質(zhì)災(zāi)害一直困擾著北京市的城市發(fā)展。北京的城市地質(zhì)安全一直是研究的主要課題之一。針對北京市特殊的政治地位,以及所處的獨特的地質(zhì)環(huán)境區(qū)域,建立一套適用于北京市平原區(qū)的地質(zhì)災(zāi)害危險性評價體系是很有必要的。北京市是比較早在山區(qū)開展地質(zhì)災(zāi)害危險性區(qū)劃的城市之一。針對北京市山區(qū)地質(zhì)災(zāi)害危險性區(qū)劃的方法、理論體系比較成熟。但在平原區(qū)開展的相關(guān)工作比較少,評價體系還不成熟。目前國內(nèi)外,針對平原區(qū)地災(zāi)危險性評價(評估)是地質(zhì)災(zāi)害研究領(lǐng)域的前沿課題。針對平原區(qū)地災(zāi)危險性評價(評估)還沒有全面系統(tǒng)通用的理論體系,目前還在研究完善中。本論文以北京市朝陽區(qū)為研究對象,在調(diào)查研究北京市朝陽區(qū)經(jīng)濟社會環(huán)境、地質(zhì)災(zāi)害現(xiàn)狀發(fā)育及危害情況的基礎(chǔ)上,借鑒國內(nèi)外已有研究方法、研究成果的基礎(chǔ)上,建立了一套針對北京市平原區(qū)地質(zhì)災(zāi)害危險性評價的模型理論,完成了北京市朝陽區(qū)地質(zhì)災(zāi)害危險性區(qū)劃。本課題在研究過程中,通過對各災(zāi)種主要影響因素的指標(biāo)進行了選取、概化和簡化,建立了灰色關(guān)聯(lián)度分析等地質(zhì)災(zāi)害危險性評價模型,對所確立的各項指標(biāo)進行了參數(shù)調(diào)整,最終使所研究的內(nèi)容具有可操作性和使用性,并以北京市朝陽區(qū)為研究對象,對該方法體系進行了探索性的應(yīng)用。在野外調(diào)查的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合已掌握的資料,特別是地質(zhì)災(zāi)害方面的資料,查明了朝陽區(qū)地質(zhì)災(zāi)害的種類、分布規(guī)模、危害程度、形成條件及影響因素。運用MAPGIS空間分析技術(shù)進行了朝陽區(qū)單災(zāi)種的地質(zhì)災(zāi)害危險性區(qū)劃;闡述了上述地質(zhì)災(zāi)害的分布特征。在綜合調(diào)查研究的基礎(chǔ)上,對朝陽區(qū)多災(zāi)種地質(zhì)災(zāi)害危險性進行了綜合分區(qū)評價。朝陽區(qū)全部處于地質(zhì)災(zāi)害危險性易發(fā)區(qū)內(nèi),并對易發(fā)區(qū)進行了進一步劃分,劃分了高度易發(fā)區(qū)、中度易發(fā)區(qū)和輕度易發(fā)區(qū)三個分區(qū)。編制了朝陽區(qū)地質(zhì)災(zāi)害危險性區(qū)劃圖。對朝陽區(qū)地質(zhì)災(zāi)害防治作了分區(qū)評價,確定了重點防治的地質(zhì)災(zāi)害類型和地區(qū),編制了朝陽區(qū)地質(zhì)災(zāi)害防治規(guī)劃圖。本課題以平原區(qū)地質(zhì)災(zāi)害為研究對象。以實際應(yīng)用為主旨,以解決實際生產(chǎn)問題為核心,具有較強的實用性,為今后在北京地區(qū)開展類似工作,提供了理論方法及實際應(yīng)用借鑒。
[Abstract]:As the capital of our country, Beijing is also one of the cities with frequent geological disasters. Beijing's urban geological safety has been one of the main research topics. In view of Beijing's special political status and its unique geological environment, it is necessary to establish a set of geological hazard risk assessment system suitable for Beijing plain area. Beijing is one of the cities that carried out geological hazard zoning in mountainous area. According to the method of geological hazard zoning in mountainous area of Beijing, the theoretical system is relatively mature. However, the relevant work carried out in the plain area is relatively small, and the evaluation system is not yet mature. At home and abroad, hazard assessment (assessment) is a frontier topic in the field of geological hazard research. There is no systematic and universal theoretical system for the assessment of disaster risk in plain area, and it is still under study. This paper takes Chaoyang District of Beijing as the research object, on the basis of investigation and research on the economic and social environment, the development of geological hazards and the harm situation in Chaoyang District of Beijing, drawing lessons from the existing research methods at home and abroad, and on the basis of the research results. A set of model theory for geological hazard risk assessment in Beijing plain area is established, and the zoning of geological hazard risk in Chaoyang district of Beijing is completed. In the course of the research, by selecting, generalizing and simplifying the indexes of the main influencing factors of each kind of disaster, the paper establishes the grey correlation degree analysis and other geological hazard risk assessment models, and adjusts the parameters of the established indexes. Finally, the content of the study is operable and usable, and taking Chaoyang District of Beijing as the research object, the method system is applied exploratory. On the basis of field investigation, combined with the available data, especially the data of geological hazards, the types, distribution scale, harm degree, forming conditions and influencing factors of geological disasters in Chaoyang district are found out. The geological hazard risk regionalization of single disaster in Chaoyang district is carried out by using MAPGIS spatial analysis technique, and the distribution characteristics of the geological hazard mentioned above are expounded. On the basis of comprehensive investigation and study, the comprehensive zoning evaluation of the risk of multiple geological disasters in Chaoyang District was carried out. Chaoyang District is all in the geological hazard prone area, and the predisposing area is further divided into three zones: high susceptible area, moderate susceptible area and mild susceptible area. The hazard map of geological hazards in Chaoyang District is compiled. The zonal evaluation of geological hazard prevention and control in Chaoyang district is made, the types and regions of geological hazard are determined, and the planning map of geological hazard prevention and control in Chaoyang district is worked out. In this paper, the geological hazard in plain area is taken as the research object. Taking practical application as the gist and solving practical production problem as the core, it has strong practicability, and provides the theory method and practical application reference for developing similar work in Beijing area in the future.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P694

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本文編號：2018635