本文選題：石河子市 + 地下水質(zhì)量�。� 參考：《新疆農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：石河子市地處準(zhǔn)噶爾盆地南緣、天山北麓中段,面積為460km2(其中平原區(qū)面積377.35km2),隸屬于溫帶大陸性干旱氣候,是天山北坡的經(jīng)濟(jì)中心之一。由于地表水資源短缺,石河子市是一個(gè)以地下水水源地供水為主的城市,近年來,隨著不斷加劇的人類活動(dòng),地下水環(huán)境的惡化也不斷加劇,水資源供需矛盾日益凸顯,水資源短缺已成為石河子市發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵問題。對(duì)該市地下水化學(xué)特征與演化機(jī)理、地下水質(zhì)量與污染狀況以及地下水環(huán)境的脆弱性進(jìn)行研究分析對(duì)石河子市地下水可持續(xù)利用和地下水環(huán)境保護(hù)有著長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)意義。本文依據(jù)31組水樣(潛水水樣18組,承壓水水樣10組,地表水樣3組)的水化學(xué)分析結(jié)果,采用模糊數(shù)學(xué)、水化學(xué)圖解法及水文地球化學(xué)模擬等方法,結(jié)合研究區(qū)的水文地質(zhì)條件,從不同角度分析石河子市地下水的水化學(xué)特征以及水文地球化學(xué)過程。主要研究成果和結(jié)論如下:(1)研究區(qū)潛水溶解性總固體(TDS)和總硬度空間變異性較大,潛水中有微咸水、咸水和硬水、極硬水分布,水化學(xué)類型主要為HCO3·SO4-Ca·Na型和SO4·HCO3-Ca型;承壓水TDS和總硬度相對(duì)穩(wěn)定,均表現(xiàn)為淡水和低硬度水,水化學(xué)類型主要為HCO3-Ca·Na型和HCO3·SO4-Ca·Na型。(2)地下水質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果為:石河子市潛水采樣點(diǎn)共有18個(gè),其中屬于Ⅳ類水的采樣點(diǎn)3個(gè),屬于Ⅴ類水的采樣點(diǎn)3個(gè),共計(jì)占潛水采樣點(diǎn)總數(shù)的33.4%;石河子市承壓水質(zhì)量較好,共有10個(gè)采樣點(diǎn),均達(dá)到Ⅲ類水標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。地下水污染評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果為:石河子市潛水水質(zhì)已普遍受到污染,屬于未污染的采樣點(diǎn)1個(gè),輕微污染的采樣點(diǎn)有5個(gè),中度污染的采樣點(diǎn)11個(gè),嚴(yán)重污染的采樣點(diǎn)1個(gè),分別占采樣點(diǎn)總數(shù)的5.6%、27.8%、61.0%和5.6%;承壓水屬于未污染的采樣點(diǎn)有6個(gè),輕微污染的采樣點(diǎn)有4個(gè),分別占承壓水采樣點(diǎn)的60.0%和40.0%。(3)對(duì)8組地下水水樣進(jìn)行了有機(jī)污染物測(cè)試,檢測(cè)的37項(xiàng)有機(jī)物均未檢出。(4)研究區(qū)典型剖面水文地球化學(xué)模擬結(jié)果顯示:控制地下水化學(xué)成分的主控性礦物包括方解石、石膏、白云石和CO2,主要水文地球化學(xué)作用為Ca2+/Na+的交換作用。(5)采用VLDA模型對(duì)石河子市平原區(qū)潛水脆弱性進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià),評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果表明:低脆弱性、中等脆弱性和高脆弱性(脆弱性指數(shù)分別為3.0~4.0、4.0~5.0和5.0~6.0)的區(qū)域分別占評(píng)價(jià)區(qū)總面積的3.1%、34.0%和62.9%。脆弱性相對(duì)較高的區(qū)域分布在清泉集、工二連以北和312國(guó)道以南。
[Abstract]:Shihezi City is located in the southern margin of Junggar Basin and the middle section of the northern foot of Tianshan Mountain with an area of 460km2 (among which the plain area is 377.35km2) which belongs to the temperate continental arid climate and is one of the economic centers of the northern slope of Tianshan Mountain. Due to the shortage of surface water resources, Shihezi City is a city that mainly supplies water from groundwater sources. In recent years, with the increasing human activities, the deterioration of groundwater environment has been intensified, and the contradiction between supply and demand of water resources has become increasingly prominent. The shortage of water resources has become the key problem of Shihezi city's development. The chemical characteristics and evolution mechanism of groundwater, the quality and pollution of groundwater, and the vulnerability of groundwater environment in Shihezi City are of long-term significance for the sustainable utilization of groundwater and the protection of groundwater environment in Shihezi City. Based on the results of hydrochemical analysis of 31 groups of water samples (18 submersible water samples, 10 confined water samples and 3 surface water samples), the methods of fuzzy mathematics, hydrochemical diagram and hydrogeochemical simulation are used in this paper. According to the hydrogeological conditions in the study area, the hydrochemical characteristics and hydrogeochemical process of groundwater in Shihezi City are analyzed from different angles. The main results and conclusions are as follows: (1) in the study area, the spatial variability of dissolved total solids (TDs) and total hardness (TDs) and total hardness of phreatic water are higher. There are brackish water, brackish water and hard water in diving. The distribution of very hard water is very hard water. The main hydrochemical types are HCO3 SO4-Ca Na type and SO4 HCO3-Ca type. The TDS and total hardness of confined water are relatively stable, both of them are fresh water and low hardness water. The main types of hydrochemistry are HCO3-Ca Na and HCO3 SO4-Ca Na.) the results of groundwater quality evaluation are as follows: there are 18 phreatic sampling sites in Shihezi City. Among them, there are 3 sampling points of class 鈪，

本文編號(hào)：1891574