本文選題：帕隆藏布流域 + 冰川�。� 參考：《西南交通大學》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：帕隆藏布流域地處特殊的地形條件和氣候環(huán)境,是我國海洋性冰川的主要分布地區(qū),由于地質地貌、水文氣候等自然環(huán)境復雜,導致流域內發(fā)生的泥石流災害成為整個川藏公路災害類型最多、分布最密、頻率最高的路段。頻繁發(fā)生的泥石流活動,嚴重阻礙了西部山區(qū)經濟的發(fā)展,使本區(qū)生態(tài)環(huán)境日益惡化。為確保川藏公路的暢通,以及藏東南山區(qū)經濟的發(fā)展和西部大開發(fā)戰(zhàn)略的順利實施,本論文在已有資料的基礎上,深入研究帕隆藏布流域泥石流特征,尤其冰川泥石流,得出以下成果：1.通過現場考察區(qū)段內典型泥石流溝災害工點,借助航衛(wèi)片資料,解譯出流域兩岸溝谷不對稱分布,且多分布于峽谷段；然后根據泥石流溝內是否有冰川發(fā)育,將泥石流分成冰川型與降雨型兩類,并通過比較兩者之間流域發(fā)育特征的不同,總結出辨別它們的參考標準；最后判定每條溝的泥石流類型。2.采用配方法簡單計算降雨型泥石流流量。對于冰川型泥石流,根據降雨條件,分為流域內無雨、冰川區(qū)無雨、流域內均有雨三種。泥石流防治設計時,依據流域內的降雨情況,采用相應的流量公式進行計算；否則,用最大值,即流域內均下雨的情況下來設計。然后,就第三類降雨情況的泥石流流量計算進行敏感性分析,確定流量對其影響參數的敏感程度。3.冰川有關的參數不同,其對泥石流的影響也不同。泥石流溝內發(fā)育的冰斗冰川或懸冰川右岸多,左岸山谷冰川多,主要與泥石流溝分布的位置、朝向有關。接著,從泥石流的形成條件、活躍性、堵江嚴重性三方面分別闡述冰川類型對泥石流造成的影響：冰川發(fā)育坡度越大,越有利于冰川消融；暴發(fā)頻繁的泥石流溝內基本上發(fā)育有冰斗冰川或者懸冰川,而山谷冰川發(fā)育的較少；冰川類型與泥石流的嚴重性關系不明顯,但山谷冰川發(fā)育面積較大的溝谷,一旦發(fā)生泥石流,其堵江嚴重性不可估量,堵江的可能性很大�？傊�,本文希望通過對研究區(qū)泥石流重要特征的研究,能為鐵路、公路等相關部門在以后的工程勘察與選線設計中給予一定的幫助。
[Abstract]:The Palon Zangbo basin is located in the special terrain and climate environment. It is the main distribution area of oceanic glaciers in China, because of the complex natural environment, such as geology, landform, hydrology and climate, etc. As a result, debris flow disasters in the basin become the most frequently distributed and the most frequent section of highway disasters in Sichuan and Tibet. The frequent occurrence of debris flow seriously hinders the economic development of the western mountainous area and makes the ecological environment of this area deteriorate day by day. In order to ensure the smooth flow of the Sichuan-Tibet highway, the economic development of the mountainous area in the east and south of Tibet and the implementation of the strategy of large-scale development in the west, this paper, on the basis of the existing data, deeply studies the characteristics of debris flow in the Palung Zangbo basin, especially the glacier debris flow. Get the following result: 1. Through field investigation of typical debris flow gully disaster sites in the section, with the help of the data of navigation satellite, the asymmetric distribution of gullies on both sides of the river basin is interpreted, and most of them are distributed in the canyons, and then according to whether there is glacier development in the debris flow gullies, The debris flow is divided into glacier type and rainfall type, and by comparing the different development characteristics of the watershed between them, the reference criteria for distinguishing them are summarized. Finally, the debris flow type of each ditch is determined. 2. The distribution method is used to calculate the flow of rainfall debris flow. For glacial debris flow, there are three types of rain in watershed, glacial region and basin according to rainfall condition. In the design of debris flow prevention and control, the corresponding flow formula is used to calculate the rainfall situation in the basin; otherwise, the maximum value, that is, the rain in the basin, is used to design the design. Then, the sensitivity analysis of debris flow discharge calculation in the third kind of rainfall is carried out to determine the sensitivity of discharge to its influence parameters. The influence of glacier parameters on debris flow is also different. There are more ice bucket glaciers or suspended glaciers on the right bank and more valley glaciers on the left bank in the debris flow gullies, which is mainly related to the location of the debris flow gullies and the orientation of the debris flow gullies. Then, from the forming conditions, activity and the severity of blocking the river, the influence of the glacier type on the debris flow is expounded: the bigger the glacier development slope, the more favorable for the melting of the glacier; In the debris flow gullies with frequent outbreaks, there are basically ice bucket glaciers or suspended glaciers, while the valley glaciers develop less, and the types of glaciers have no obvious relationship with the severity of debris flow, but the valley with large area of valley glacier develops. Once the debris flow occurs, the severity of the river blockage is inestimable, and the possibility of blocking the river is great. In a word, this paper hopes that through the study of the important characteristics of debris flow in the study area, it can be helpful to the railway, highway and other related departments in the future engineering survey and route selection design.
【學位授予單位】：西南交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：P642.23;P343.6

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