本文選題：成藏條件 + 成藏主控因素��； 參考：《長(zhǎng)江大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：霍瑪吐背斜帶位于準(zhǔn)噶爾盆地南緣中段,屬于南緣山前沖斷帶的中-新生界二級(jí)構(gòu)造單元,是喜山運(yùn)動(dòng)的產(chǎn)物。第三次資源量評(píng)價(jià)得出,南緣資源量豐富,勘探潛力巨大,是我國(guó)目前主要的油氣來(lái)源區(qū)。自上世紀(jì)初至現(xiàn)今,其就以齊全的地層露頭及多類(lèi)型的構(gòu)造樣式和豐富的地面油氣苗吸引大量國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)者前來(lái)考察和從事石油勘探工作。多年勘探歷程表明,雖然南緣油氣資源量巨大,但由于受多期造山運(yùn)動(dòng)影響,其成藏條件復(fù)雜,故勘探目標(biāo)的選取存在一定難度。為促進(jìn)南緣油氣勘探事業(yè)進(jìn)展,急切需要加強(qiáng)油氣成藏過(guò)程研究,厘清油氣成藏模式,明確勘探目標(biāo)。鑒于目前勘探研究成果,本次論文在整理、吸收前人研究成果基礎(chǔ)上,就目前已有地震、鉆測(cè)井及分析化驗(yàn)資料上,應(yīng)用石油地質(zhì)學(xué)的多種理論與方法,重點(diǎn)對(duì)油氣成藏條件和成藏過(guò)程進(jìn)行分析,通過(guò)對(duì)烴源巖、生儲(chǔ)蓋組合及油氣輸導(dǎo)體系研究,結(jié)合南緣典型油氣藏解剖,厘清了南緣油氣成藏過(guò)程,得出油氣成藏的主控因素和成藏模式,并在構(gòu)造演化,沉積相研究及油氣成藏條件和成藏過(guò)程的基礎(chǔ)上,最終確定了工區(qū)有利勘探區(qū)域及目標(biāo)層位。并得出了如下認(rèn)識(shí)：1)研究區(qū)發(fā)育多套烴源巖,其中,中下侏羅統(tǒng)和白堊系吐谷魯群作為工區(qū)有效烴源巖,其有機(jī)質(zhì)豐度、類(lèi)型和成熟度均較高,厚度大,生烴潛力高,且生烴中心均位于研究區(qū)內(nèi)部,為研究區(qū)提供豐富的油氣資源。2)工區(qū)內(nèi)典型油藏解剖得知,研究區(qū)油氣輸導(dǎo)體系有斷裂、滲透性砂和不整合,斷裂是工區(qū)最主要的油氣運(yùn)移通到,其決定著工區(qū)油氣是否成藏。3)南緣第二排構(gòu)造帶具兩期油氣成藏,第一期成藏時(shí)間12Ma～9Ma,為白堊系低熟原油充注形成早期原生油氣藏；第二期成藏時(shí)間5Ma～現(xiàn)今,是白堊系成熟原油和侏羅系天然氣共同充注成藏,該階段是第二排構(gòu)造帶主要的油氣成藏期。第三排構(gòu)造帶為白堊系原油和侏羅系天然氣混源一期連續(xù)充注成藏。4)研究總結(jié),研究區(qū)共發(fā)育三種類(lèi)型的油氣成藏模式：安集海類(lèi)型、霍瑪吐類(lèi)型和呼圖壁類(lèi)型。這三種類(lèi)型的模式均為下生上儲(chǔ)、垂向運(yùn)移,其中安集海型模式單源、一期成藏；霍瑪吐型為混源、先油后油氣、兩期成藏,伴有氣洗改造；呼圖壁型以混源、一期成藏為特點(diǎn)。5)綜合評(píng)價(jià)得出,工區(qū)發(fā)育三級(jí)勘探潛力區(qū),最有利的目標(biāo)為：安集海-霍爾果斯構(gòu)造帶的東溝組；瑪納斯背斜的紫泥泉子組；安集海地區(qū)背斜的安集海河組。
[Abstract]:The Huomatou anticline belt is located in the middle section of the southern margin of Junggar basin, which belongs to the Mesozoic and Cenozoic secondary tectonic units of the southern margin of the Foreland thrust belt and is the product of the Himalayan movement. The third evaluation shows that the southern margin is rich in resources and has great exploration potential, which is the main source of oil and gas in China. From the beginning of the last century to the present, it has attracted a large number of domestic and foreign scholars to study and engage in oil exploration with complete outcrop of strata, various structural styles and abundant surface oil and gas seedlings. The exploration history shows that although the oil and gas resources in the southern margin are huge, it is difficult to select exploration targets because of the complex conditions of reservoir formation due to the influence of multiple orogenic movements. In order to promote the development of oil and gas exploration in the southern margin, it is urgent to strengthen the research on the process of oil and gas accumulation, clarify the oil and gas accumulation model and clarify the exploration target. In view of the current exploration research results, this paper, on the basis of collating and absorbing the previous research results, applies various theories and methods of petroleum geology to the existing seismic, logging and analytical laboratory data. The oil and gas accumulation conditions and processes are analyzed emphatically. Through the study of source rock, reservoir cap assemblage and oil and gas transportation system, combined with the anatomy of typical oil and gas reservoirs in the southern margin, the oil and gas accumulation process in the southern margin is clarified. On the basis of structural evolution, sedimentary facies study, oil and gas reservoir forming conditions and process, the favorable exploration area and target horizon in the working area are finally determined. It is concluded that there are many sets of source rocks developed in the study area. Among them, the Tugulu Group of the Middle and Lower Jurassic and the Cretaceous Tu Gulu Group are effective source rocks in the working area. Their organic matter abundance, type and maturity are relatively high, their thickness is large, and their hydrocarbon generation potential is high. The hydrocarbon generation centers are located in the study area, which provides abundant oil and gas resources. 2) the typical reservoirs in the study area are dissected that there are faults, permeable sand and unconformity in the oil and gas transportation system in the study area. The fault is the most important migration of oil and gas in the work area, which determines whether the oil and gas of the area is formed or not. 3) the second row structural belt of the southern margin of the work area has two stages of oil and gas accumulation, the first stage of which is 12 Ma-9 Ma. which is the early primary oil and gas reservoir formed by the Cretaceous low mature crude oil filling. The second stage, 5Ma-present, is the Cretaceous mature crude oil and Jurassic natural gas, which is the main oil and gas accumulation period in the second row structural belt. The third row structural belt is the Cretaceous crude oil and Jurassic natural gas mixed source for the first stage continuous filling and reservoir forming. Conclusion: there are three types of oil and gas accumulation models in the study area: Anji sea type, Hormatu type and Hutubi type. These three types of models are lower generation, upper storage, vertical migration, in which the Anji sea model is single source, primary reservoir formation; Homatou type is mixed source, first oil and then oil and gas are formed in two stages, accompanied by gas washing transformation; and Hutuwall type is mixed source. The comprehensive evaluation shows that the most favorable targets are Donggou formation of Anji Hai-Horgos structural belt, Ziniquanzi formation of Manas anticline and Anjihaihe formation of Anjihai anticline.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長(zhǎng)江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：P618.13

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