發(fā)布時間：2018-04-27 06:15

  本文選題：清水 + 泥石流　； 參考：《成都理工大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：泥石流是一種典型的山區(qū)地質災害,破壞性強。泥石流形成過程復雜,爆發(fā)突然,流速快,運動慣性大,直進性強,因此在泥石流通過彎道時,彎道凹岸泥深增大,沖刷作用強,容易在彎道處出現(xiàn)較大的超高并產(chǎn)生巨大的破壞。當彎道溝岸有足夠的超高時,泥石流可能會有強烈的沖刷作用或截彎取直,破壞彎道上的防護建筑物及彎道附近的建筑物(公路、鐵路、居民建筑等)。因此,研究泥石流彎道超高規(guī)律及最大超高位置對保護人民的生命和財產(chǎn)安全有著不可忽視的意義。前人對泥石流的彎道超高研究,針對泥石流流速與彎道曲率半徑的研究較多,對泥石流性質以及泥石流超高位置的研究較少。本文通過影響因素分析并簡化出影響泥石流彎道超高的幾個重要因素,如泥石流流速、彎道曲率半徑、泥石流性質(屈服應力和密度),通過控制變量法研究不同因素對泥石流超高及泥石流最大超高位置的影響。然后通過一系列實驗研究得到計算模型并通過野外驗證,得出主要結論如下:(1)通過多組不同清水流速及不同曲率彎道半徑實驗,經(jīng)數(shù)據(jù)分析,得出了清水彎道超高公式h = (BV2)/(Rg),與前人理論推導公式吻合,驗證了實驗方法的可靠性。(2)通過影響因素分析,并結合前人研究確定了泥石流彎道超高的影響因素:泥石流流速、彎道曲率半徑、彎道寬度,而泥石流性質對彎道超高也有很大影響,其中屈服應力對其影響最大,容重和彎道寬度對其也有一定影響,無量綱化的的屈服應力(由屈服應力、彎道寬度、容重和重力加速度計算得到)與超高成正比。經(jīng)過多組不同流速、不同彎道曲率半徑、不同屈服應力的泥石流實驗,得到了泥石流彎道超高計算公式K=4.3×(τ/(ρgB))0.2,經(jīng)野外數(shù)據(jù)驗證,適用性較好。(3)通過多組不同清水流速及不同曲率彎道半徑實驗,得到了清水最大彎道超高位置公式:θ = 90×(V2)/(Rg),并經(jīng)前人實驗數(shù)據(jù)驗證,吻合度較高。驗證了實驗方法的可靠性。(4)通過影響因素分析,確定了泥石流最大彎道超高位置的影響因素:泥石流流速、彎道曲率半徑、彎道寬度,而泥石流性質對最大彎道超高位置也有很大影響,其中屈服應力對其影響最大,密度和彎道寬度對其也有一定影響,無量綱的屈服應力與泥石流最大彎道超高位置成正比。通過多組不同流速、不同彎道曲率半徑、不同屈服應力的泥石流實驗,得到了泥石流最大彎道超高位置的計算θ=20+AV2/Rg=20+56×V2/Rge80τ/(ρgB),經(jīng)野外數(shù)據(jù)驗證,適用性較好。本文通過研究泥石流彎道超高及最大超高位置與泥石流流速、彎道曲率半徑、泥石流性質(屈服應力和密度)之間的規(guī)律,從而為現(xiàn)實生活中的工程建筑、公路鐵路選址、排導槽修建等提供參考依據(jù),以達到減輕或避免由于泥石流災害造成的損失。
[Abstract]:Debris flow is a typical geological hazard in mountainous area. The formation process of debris flow is complicated, sudden eruption, fast velocity, large inertia of movement and strong directness, so when the debris flow flows through the bend, the mud depth in the concave bank of the bend increases and the scour effect is strong. Easy to appear at the corner of the larger super-high and cause great damage. When the bend bank is high enough, the debris flow may have strong scouring effect or cutting straight, destroying the protective building on the bend and the building near the bend (highway, railway, residential building, etc.) Therefore, it is of great significance to study the ultra-high rule and maximum super-high position of debris flow bend to protect people's life and property safety. There are many researches on the flow velocity and curvature radius of the debris flow, but less on the nature of the debris flow and the ultra-high position of the debris flow. This paper analyzes and simplifies several important factors that affect the ultra-high bend of debris flow, such as the velocity of debris flow, the radius of curvature of bend, The influence of different factors on the superhigh and maximum ultrahigh position of debris flow is studied by means of controlling variable method in order to study the properties of debris flow (yield stress and density). Then, through a series of experiments, the computational model is obtained and verified in the field. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) through the experiments of several groups of different water flow velocity and different curvature curve radius, the data are analyzed. The super-high formula h = BV _ 2 / R _ (g) of clear water bend is obtained, which coincides with the formula derived from previous theories, and verifies the reliability of the experimental method. (2) through the analysis of influencing factors, and combining with the previous studies, the influence factors of super high velocity of mud-rock flow are determined: the velocity of debris flow. The curvature radius, the width of the bend, and the nature of debris flow have great influence on the ultra-high bend, among which the yield stress has the greatest influence, the bulk density and the bend width also have some influence on it, and the dimensionless yield stress (from the yield stress) The width of the bend, bulk weight and gravity acceleration are calculated) in direct proportion to the height. Through several experiments of debris flow with different velocity, curvature radius and yield stress, the formula K _ (4.3) 脳 (蟿 ~ (r) (蟻 g B) _ (0.2)) is obtained, which is verified by field data. Through many experiments of different water flow velocity and different curvature curve radius, the formula of super-high position of the maximum curve of clear water is obtained: 胃 = 90 脳 V _ 2 / R _ (g), and verified by previous experimental data, the degree of agreement is high. The reliability of the experimental method is verified. (4) through the analysis of the influencing factors, the influencing factors of the superhigh position of the maximum bend of the debris flow are determined: the velocity of debris flow, the radius of curvature of the bend, the width of the bend, The nature of debris flow also has a great influence on the position of the maximum bend, in which yield stress has the greatest influence, density and bend width also have a certain influence on it. The dimensionless yield stress is directly proportional to the ultra-high position of the maximum bend of the debris flow. Based on the experiments of debris flow with different velocity, curvature radius and yield stress, the calculation of 胃 ~ (20) AV2/Rg=20 ~ (56) 脳 V2/Rge80 蟿 _ (r) (蟻 V2/Rge80 蟿 ~ (r) for the maximum bend of debris flow is obtained, which is verified by field data, and its applicability is good. In this paper, the relationship between the ultra-high and maximum ultra-high position of debris flow bends and the velocity of debris flow, the radius of curvature of bend, the nature of debris flow (yield stress and density) is studied, so as to be the site selection of engineering construction and highway and railway in real life. In order to reduce or avoid the loss caused by debris flow disaster, the construction of drainage channel can provide reference basis.
【學位授予單位】：成都理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：P642.23

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