本文選題：地殼各向異性 + 接收函數(shù)��； 參考：《中國地震局地質(zhì)研究所》2016年博士論文

【摘要】：大陸動力學(xué)是當(dāng)今固體地球科學(xué)各領(lǐng)域研究的主導(dǎo)方向。盡管大陸動力學(xué)研究所涉及的問題十分廣泛,但其核心問題是研究大陸的變形及其動力學(xué)機(jī)理。地球介質(zhì)的各向異性與其礦物組成、溫壓條件、應(yīng)力狀態(tài)以及變形歷史密切相關(guān),因此,地球介質(zhì)的各向異性參數(shù)已成為推測地下不同層位介質(zhì)變形的重要依據(jù)。早期的研究認(rèn)為,地球內(nèi)部的各向異性主要源自地幔物質(zhì)在高溫高壓環(huán)境下塑性流動形成的橄欖石晶格優(yōu)勢排列,且主要表現(xiàn)在上地�；蛘呱系蒯５捻敳�,而地殼的各向異性可以忽略。但是,近年來遠(yuǎn)震P波接收函數(shù)研究的結(jié)果業(yè)已表明,不但地殼各向異性的影響不可忽略,而且地殼不同層位的各向異性及其形成機(jī)理并不相同。因此,關(guān)于地殼各向異性的研究不但對測定巖石圈地幔的各向異性是重要的,而且對于了解地殼不同層位的變形方式具有重要意義。遠(yuǎn)震體波接收函數(shù)現(xiàn)已成為研究地殼各向異性的重要方法。但是,鑒于地殼介質(zhì)的復(fù)雜性,如何從遠(yuǎn)震體波接收函數(shù)中提取不同深度的各向異性參數(shù)仍是一個有待不斷深入研究的課題。利用遠(yuǎn)震體波接收函數(shù)研究地殼各向異性主要面臨兩方面的困難:1)地殼介質(zhì)及其橫向非均勻結(jié)構(gòu)引起的散射波場常常給提取各向異性參數(shù)帶來難以容忍的干擾;2)利用遠(yuǎn)震體波接收函數(shù)研究地殼各向異性有賴于完整方位的接收函數(shù)波場,但是,由于臺站和地震事件分布的限制,接收函數(shù)的方位缺失常常給各向異性參數(shù)的測定帶來困難。本文的主要工作包括:1)在已有研究的基礎(chǔ)上,利用廣義反射透射系數(shù)矩陣方法計算的合成地震圖,進(jìn)一步研究了分層地殼各向異性介質(zhì)接收函數(shù)隨反方位角(back azimuth)變化及不同層位各向異性參數(shù)對接收函數(shù)波場的影響;2)將曲波變換理論引入遠(yuǎn)震接收函數(shù)研究,并將壓縮感知理論與曲波變換去噪相結(jié)合,實現(xiàn)了在重建缺失數(shù)據(jù)波場的同時,對接收函數(shù)中橫向散射的壓制;3)通過引入粒子群優(yōu)化理論,發(fā)展了分層各向異性接收函數(shù)全局反演算法;4)將本文發(fā)展的方法實際應(yīng)用于我國川西臺陣數(shù)據(jù)的解釋。本文的工作得到以下研究結(jié)果:1)雙層各向異性參數(shù)相同時,它們與單層的各向異性特征基本相同,不但各層的各向異性參數(shù),而且各向異性參數(shù)的層間差異對接收函數(shù)各向異性特征有較大影響;2)接收函數(shù)各向異性特征對介質(zhì)各向異性對稱軸的方位角比對其傾角更為敏感;3)接收函數(shù)的切向分量較其徑向分量對各向異性參數(shù)的改變更為敏感;4)與各向同性薄層不同,各向異性薄層可以導(dǎo)致其轉(zhuǎn)換震相的離散;5)殼內(nèi)層間各向異性薄層對接收函數(shù)波場的影響十分有限,但沉積蓋層的混響會干擾地殼各向異性參數(shù)的估計;6)數(shù)值及觀測數(shù)據(jù)的驗證結(jié)果表明,本文的曲波接收函數(shù)去噪技術(shù)可以有效地壓制地殼介質(zhì)橫向非均勻引起的散射噪聲,缺失方位的接收函數(shù)可以正確重建,本文的方法既可用于單臺-多事件的數(shù)據(jù)集,也可用于單個事件-陣列觀測的數(shù)據(jù)去噪,但單臺-多事件數(shù)據(jù)集的結(jié)果優(yōu)于陣列觀測的情況;7)數(shù)值及觀測數(shù)據(jù)的驗證結(jié)果表明,在各向同性速度模型確定的前提下,本文發(fā)展的接收函數(shù)粒子群反演方法能夠可靠地提取地殼分層各向異性參數(shù),接收函數(shù)反演有利于分層各向異性的解析;8)反演中曲波去噪技術(shù)的引入,對正確地解析不同層位的各向異性參數(shù)具有重要價值;9)川西臺陣接收函數(shù)的研究結(jié)果表明,青藏高原東部地殼各向異性具有分層性,不同層位各向異性的差異支持地殼不同層位變形方式不同。總之,本文的工作結(jié)果為接收函數(shù)的各向異性解釋提供了新的理論依據(jù)。但是,鑒于青藏高原東部地殼結(jié)構(gòu)的復(fù)雜性,其分層各向異性的研究仍有待于進(jìn)一步深入。
[Abstract]:Continental dynamics is the leading direction of the research in various fields of solid earth science. Although the problems involved in the study of continental dynamics are very extensive, the core problem is to study the deformation and dynamics of the continent. The anisotropy of the earth's medium is closely related to its mineral composition, temperature bar, stress state and the history of deformation. Therefore, the anisotropic parameters of the earth's media have become an important basis for speculating on the deformation of the different layers of the earth's underground. The early studies suggest that the anisotropy of the earth's interior is mainly derived from the permutation of the olivine lattice formed by the plastic flow of the mantle material under high temperature and high pressure, and mainly in the upper mantle or the top of the upper mantle. The anisotropy of the crust can be ignored. However, in recent years, the results of the study on the P wave receiving function of the far earthquake have shown that the anisotropy of the crust can not be ignored, and the anisotropy and the formation mechanism of the different layers of the crust are different. Therefore, the study of the anisotropy of the crust not only is the analysis of the anisotropy of the lithosphere mantle. The heterosexual is of great importance and is of great significance for understanding the deformation modes of different layers of the earth's crust. The receiver function of the distant seismic body wave has now become an important method to study the anisotropy of the earth's crust. However, it is still a matter of question how to extract the anisotropic parameters of the different depth from the receiver function of the crustal body. The study of the crustal anisotropy is mainly faced with two difficulties: 1) the scattered wave fields caused by the crustal medium and its lateral inhomogeneous structure often bring intolerant interference to the extraction of anisotropic parameters; 2) the study of the anisotropy of the crust by the receiver function of the distant seismic body wave depends on the anisotropy of the crust. The full azimuth of the receiving function wave field, however, due to the limitation of the distribution of stations and seismic events, the loss of azimuth of the receiving function often brings difficulties for the determination of the anisotropic parameters. The main work of this paper includes: 1) based on the existing research, the synthetic seismogram calculated by the generalized reflection transmission coefficient matrix method is further studied. The influence of the change of the receiving function of the layered crust anisotropic medium with the anti azimuth angle (back azimuth) and the anisotropic parameters of the different layers on the wave field of the receiving function is investigated. 2) the Qu Bo transform theory is introduced into the study of the remote seismic reception function, and the compression perception theory is combined with the Qu Bo transform denoising to realize the same reconstruction of the missing data wave field. The suppression of transverse scattering in the receiving function; 3) by introducing the particle swarm optimization theory, the global inversion algorithm of the layered anisotropic receiving function is developed; 4) the method developed in this paper is applied to the interpretation of the data of Western Sichuan array in our country. The results of this paper are as follows: 1) when the double anisotropic parameters are the same, they are the same. The anisotropy of single layer is basically the same, not only the anisotropic parameters of each layer, but also the difference between the layers of the anisotropic parameters has great influence on the anisotropy of the receiving function; 2) the anisotropy of the receiving function is more sensitive to the azimuth angle of the anisotropic symmetric axis of the medium than the inclination angle; and 3) the tangential component of the receiving function is more than that of the one. The radial component is more sensitive to the change of anisotropic parameters; 4) unlike the isotropic thin layer, the anisotropic thin layer can lead to the discrete phase of the converted seismic phase; (5) the influence of the anisotropic thin layer on the wave field of the receiver is very limited, but the reverberation of the sedimentary cover will interfere with the estimation of the anisotropic parameters of the crust; 6) numerical and observation The results of data verification show that the Qu Bo receiver function denoising technique can effectively suppress the scattering noise caused by the lateral heterogeneity of the crustal medium, and the receiving function of the missing azimuth can be correctly reconstructed. This method can be used not only in single platform multi event data sets, but also in single event array observation data de-noising, but single event array observation. The results of the platform multi event data set are better than the array observation. 7) the results of numerical and observational data show that, under the premise of the isotropic velocity model, the proposed method of receiving function particle swarm optimization can reliably extract the stratified anisotropic parameter of the crust, and the inversion of the receiver function is beneficial to the stratified anisotropy. Analysis; 8) the introduction of Qu Bo denoising technology in the inversion is of great value to correctly analyze the anisotropic parameters of different layers. (9) the research results of the reception function of the Western Sichuan array show that the crust anisotropy in the east of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau is stratified, and the difference between the anisotropy of different layers supports the different deformation modes of the different layers of the crust. In a word, The results of this paper provide a new theoretical basis for the interpretation of the anisotropy of the receiving function. However, in view of the complexity of the crust structure in the east of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, the study of the stratified anisotropy remains to be further studied.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國地震局地質(zhì)研究所
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：P541;P315.2

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