本文選題：巖爆預(yù)測(cè) + 超低摩擦　； 參考：《重慶大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：深部巖體往往具有非連續(xù)性和高地應(yīng)力的特點(diǎn),在開(kāi)挖卸荷作用下通常表現(xiàn)出與淺部巖體截然不同的行為。深部巖體開(kāi)挖擾動(dòng)的應(yīng)力波傳播能導(dǎo)致巖體中結(jié)構(gòu)面拉壓交替變化,即超低摩擦現(xiàn)象,進(jìn)而引發(fā)巖爆。本文研究了超低摩擦效應(yīng)的特征,闡述了超低摩擦型巖爆的發(fā)生機(jī)理,并建立非連續(xù)塊巖爆預(yù)測(cè)模型,以工程實(shí)例為依托,開(kāi)展巖爆定量化預(yù)測(cè)研究相關(guān)工作。主要研究工作如下:①通過(guò)建立深部巖體的一維非連續(xù)塊模型,得到任意時(shí)刻下塊體的位移、速度、加速度以及相鄰兩塊體的相對(duì)位移。在此模型基礎(chǔ)上探索了巖體中結(jié)構(gòu)面拉壓交替變化規(guī)律,揭示了深部巖體中超低摩擦效應(yīng)的存在,分析了其對(duì)巖層間破壞和運(yùn)動(dòng)的影響。②引入轉(zhuǎn)角自由度,建立深部巖體的二維非連續(xù)塊模型,通過(guò)塊體間相互作用力變化規(guī)律,得出在瞬時(shí)擾動(dòng)力作用下各塊體的平動(dòng)方程和轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)方程。借助顯式時(shí)域有限差分法,得到塊體間相對(duì)位移時(shí)程曲線,發(fā)現(xiàn)了在二維矩形隧洞圍巖中存在超低摩擦現(xiàn)象,并提出巖體中結(jié)構(gòu)面拉壓交替變化導(dǎo)致破壞從而引發(fā)巖爆的超低摩擦型巖爆發(fā)生機(jī)制。此外,通過(guò)參數(shù)分析研究了多種地質(zhì)力學(xué)參數(shù)對(duì)超低摩擦效應(yīng)的影響。③在深部巖體的二維非連續(xù)塊模型的基礎(chǔ)上建立巖爆預(yù)測(cè)模型來(lái)分析超低摩擦型巖爆的萌生過(guò)程和巖爆的烈度特征,并與傳統(tǒng)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)性巖爆烈度分級(jí)準(zhǔn)則建立了對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系,驗(yàn)證了巖爆模型對(duì)巖爆烈度預(yù)測(cè)的可行性。通過(guò)具體算例,分析地質(zhì)力學(xué)參數(shù)如地應(yīng)力中大小主應(yīng)力比值、大小主應(yīng)力大小等對(duì)巖爆的發(fā)生形式、范圍和烈度的影響。④將二維巖爆預(yù)測(cè)模型應(yīng)用于錦屏二級(jí)水電站施工排水洞工程中,對(duì)該工程的不同圍巖等級(jí)下洞室截面進(jìn)行巖爆預(yù)測(cè)分析。通過(guò)與現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)測(cè)巖爆資料和UDEC模擬結(jié)果的對(duì)比,表明本文模型與實(shí)際工況較吻合,從而驗(yàn)證了本文模型預(yù)測(cè)巖爆的準(zhǔn)確性。
[Abstract]:The deep rock mass is usually discontinuous and high ground stress, and the behavior of the deep rock mass is usually different from that of the shallow rock mass under the action of excavation and unloading.The propagation of stress wave caused by the disturbance of deep rock excavation can lead to the alternation of tension and compression of the structural plane in the rock mass, that is, the phenomenon of ultra-low friction, and then cause the rock burst.In this paper, the characteristics of ultra-low friction effect are studied, the occurrence mechanism of ultra-low friction rockburst is expounded, and the prediction model of discontinuous block rockburst is established. Based on engineering examples, the quantitative prediction of rockburst is carried out.The main work of this paper is as follows: 1. By establishing a one-dimensional discontinuous block model of deep rock mass, the displacement, velocity, acceleration and relative displacement of two adjacent blocks are obtained at any time.On the basis of this model, the alternation law of tension and compression of structural plane in rock mass is explored, the existence of ultra-low friction effect in deep rock mass is revealed, and the influence of this effect on the failure and movement of rock layers is analyzed.The two-dimensional discontinuous block model of deep rock mass is established. The translation equation and rotational equation of each block under instantaneous disturbance force are obtained through the law of interaction between blocks.By means of explicit finite-difference time-domain method, the time-history curves of relative displacement between blocks are obtained, and the phenomenon of ultra-low friction in the surrounding rock of two-dimensional rectangular tunnel is found.The mechanism of ultra-low friction rockburst caused by alternating tension and compression of structural plane in rock mass is put forward.In addition,Based on the two-dimensional discontinuous block model of deep rock mass, the prediction model of rock burst is established to analyze the initiation process of ultra-low friction type rock burst.And the intensity characteristics of rock burst,The corresponding relation is established with the traditional empirical criterion of rock burst intensity classification, which verifies the feasibility of the rock burst model in predicting the rock burst intensity.Through specific examples, the occurrence forms of rockburst caused by geomechanical parameters such as the ratio of major stress in ground stress and the magnitude of principal stress are analyzed.The 2-D rockburst prediction model is applied to the drainage tunnel construction of Jinping II Hydropower Station, and the rock burst prediction analysis is carried out on the section of the cavern under different surrounding rock classes of the project.By comparing with the field measured rock burst data and UDEC simulation results, it is shown that the proposed model is in good agreement with the actual working conditions, thus validating the accuracy of this model in predicting rockburst.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TU45

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