本文選題：油氣煤鈾　切入點(diǎn)：多種能源　出處：《西北大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：柴達(dá)木盆地是我國(guó)西部大型陸相沉積盆地之一,油氣煤鈾等有機(jī)、無(wú)機(jī)能源礦產(chǎn)豐富。對(duì)盆地北緣地區(qū)油、氣、煤、鈾的研究表明,它們不僅時(shí)空分布復(fù)雜有序,且形成過(guò)程彼此作用。平面分布方面,石油主要分布在柴北緣西段冷湖、賽什騰、魚(yú)卡等地區(qū),與煤相關(guān)的煤型氣主要分布在冷湖、南八仙、馬海等地區(qū)；可采煤炭資源沿柴北緣的冷湖—魚(yú)卡—德令哈一線(xiàn)形成一條大規(guī)模的聚煤帶；砂巖型鈾礦分布于冷湖、魚(yú)卡、北大灘、德令哈等地。地層層位方面,油氣源巖為中下侏羅統(tǒng)煤系地層,儲(chǔ)層主要是古近系—新近系；中下侏羅統(tǒng)的大煤溝組、小煤溝組是煤的主要賦存層位；砂巖型鈾礦化則主要賦存于中侏羅統(tǒng)大煤溝組和石門(mén)溝組層間氧化帶的前鋒線(xiàn)上。上述特點(diǎn)構(gòu)成柴北緣地區(qū)油氣煤鈾等多個(gè)不同類(lèi)型的礦產(chǎn)組合,包括煤和煤型氣的成生組合、砂巖型鈾礦與煤、砂巖型鈾礦與油氣的共存組合,油氣同源共生組合,煤型氣與天然氣水合物的共生組合等。目前對(duì)柴達(dá)木盆地油氣煤鈾單礦種的研究己日漸成熟,然而多種能源之間相互聯(lián)系和彼此作用的研究卻鮮少提及,是柴達(dá)木盆地能源礦產(chǎn)研究及勘探開(kāi)發(fā)的弱點(diǎn)所在。柴北緣侏羅系是煤、砂巖型鈾礦、煤型氣等密切共存的層位,由巖石微量元素分析可知,侏羅系烴源巖中U、Mn、Mo、V、Cs等元素較為富集。在對(duì)該區(qū)烴源巖進(jìn)行模擬生烴實(shí)驗(yàn)時(shí)加入不同比例的上述元素,所得結(jié)果的對(duì)比分析表明,這些無(wú)機(jī)元素的加入使烴類(lèi)氣體和非烴類(lèi)的還原性氣體產(chǎn)率有不同程度的增加,因此該區(qū)侏羅系砂巖型鈾礦的存在應(yīng)對(duì)烴源巖生烴(氣)有著積極的促進(jìn)作用。同時(shí),柴北緣綠草山地區(qū)侏羅系發(fā)現(xiàn)有明顯的由于天然氣逸散所致的砂巖漂白現(xiàn)象,豐富的天然氣還原劑又促進(jìn)了砂巖型鈾礦的后期疊加富集作用。依據(jù)上述多種能源的共存特點(diǎn),在盆地北緣冷湖、魚(yú)卡、德令哈地區(qū)劃分了不同的油氣煤鈾協(xié)同勘探模式。總之,柴北緣地區(qū)油氣煤鈾同盆共存特征明顯,其賦存層位相同或相近、形成過(guò)程彼此相關(guān),其間存在著密切的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系和統(tǒng)一的沉積盆地動(dòng)力學(xué)背景。這種內(nèi)在規(guī)律的研究對(duì)本區(qū)能源礦產(chǎn)的協(xié)同勘探、多學(xué)科交叉的認(rèn)識(shí)發(fā)展具有重要的理論和現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。
[Abstract]:The Qaidam Basin is one of the large continental sedimentary basins in the west of China, which is rich in oil, gas, coal, uranium and other organic and inorganic energy resources.The study of oil, gas, coal and uranium in the northern margin of the basin shows that they not only have a complex and orderly distribution in time and space, but also interact with each other in the formation process.In plane distribution, oil is mainly distributed in Lenghu, Saiteng, Yuka and other areas in the western part of the northern margin of Qaidam. Coal type gas related to coal is mainly distributed in Lenghu, Nanbaxian, Mahai and other areas.The recoverable coal resources form a large coal accumulation zone along the Lenghu-Yuka-Delinha line in the northern margin of Qaidam, and sandstone-type uranium deposits are distributed in Lenghu, Yuka, Beidatan, Delingha and other places.In terms of stratigraphic position, the source rock is the middle and lower Jurassic coal measure strata, the reservoir is mainly Paleogene-Neogene, the Daguigou formation of middle and lower Jurassic, the Xiaomeigou formation is the main coal formation, and the oil and gas source rock is mainly Paleogene-Neogene formation.The sandstone-type uranium mineralization mainly occurs in the front line of the interlayer oxidation zone of the Dawangou formation and the Shimenggou formation of the Middle Jurassic.The above characteristics constitute many different types of mineral assemblages, such as coal, coal, uranium and other mineral assemblages in the northern margin of Qaihai, including the formation and combination of coal and coal type gas, the coexisting combination of sandstone-type uranium deposits and coal, sandstone-type uranium deposits and oil and gas, and the hydrocarbon symbiotic assemblages.The symbiotic combination of coal type gas and natural gas hydrate.At present, the research on hydrocarbon coal and uranium monomineral in Qaidam Basin has become more and more mature. However, the research on the interrelation and interaction of various energy sources is seldom mentioned, which is the weakness of energy mineral research and exploration and development in Qaidam Basin.Jurassic in the northern margin of Qaidam is the horizon where coal, sandstone-type uranium deposit and coal-type gas coexist closely. The trace element analysis of Jurassic source rocks shows that the elements such as U _ (mn) Mo _ (Mo) V _ (C) _ (C) are enriched in the source rocks of Jurassic system.In the simulated hydrocarbon generation experiments of source rocks in this area, different proportions of the above elements are added. The comparative analysis of the obtained results shows that the addition of these inorganic elements can increase the yields of hydrocarbon gases and non-hydrocarbon reductive gases to varying degrees.Therefore, the existence of Jurassic sandstone-type uranium deposits in this area should play an active role in promoting hydrocarbon generation of source rocks.At the same time, in the Lucaoshan area of the northern margin of Qaihai, the phenomenon of sandstone bleaching caused by natural gas dissipation was found obviously, and the abundant natural gas reductant promoted the late superposition and enrichment of the sandstone-type uranium deposit.According to the coexistence characteristics of various energy sources mentioned above, different cooperative exploration models of oil and gas, coal and uranium have been divided in the Lenghu, Yuka and Delingha areas in the northern margin of the basin.In a word the coexisting characteristics of oil and gas coals and uranium in the northern margin of Qaidam are obvious its occurrence horizon is the same or similar and the formation process is related to each other. There are close internal relations and unified sedimentary basin dynamic background.The study of this inherent law is of great theoretical and practical significance to the cooperative exploration of energy and mineral resources in this area and the interdisciplinary understanding and development.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：P618.1;P619.14

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