本文選題：第四紀(jì)網(wǎng)紋紅土　切入點(diǎn)：贛北廬山地區(qū)　出處：《江西師范大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：中國南方長江中下游地區(qū)第四紀(jì)紅土剖面,一般包括黃棕色土/均質(zhì)紅土/網(wǎng)紋紅土/底部的砂礫質(zhì)紅土(或含網(wǎng)紋)四個(gè)層段;野外觀測發(fā)現(xiàn)網(wǎng)紋紅土層中白色網(wǎng)紋顏色、形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)多樣化,白色網(wǎng)紋、紅色基質(zhì)以及鐵錳膠膜相互包含,微觀結(jié)構(gòu)具有各自的獨(dú)特性。以往的研究主要是將網(wǎng)紋紅土層白色網(wǎng)紋和紅色基質(zhì)作為統(tǒng)一的整體,來探尋其蘊(yùn)含的古氣候環(huán)境信息。本文以贛北廬山WJ剖面為研究對象,分離出同層位的白色網(wǎng)紋和紅色基質(zhì),綜合運(yùn)用粒度分析、元素地球化學(xué)分析、磁化率分析、色度分析以及土壤微形態(tài)學(xué)方法,詳細(xì)對比研究白色網(wǎng)紋和紅色基質(zhì)的理化特征、微形態(tài)特征的異同,嘗試從微觀的角度探討其中蘊(yùn)含的氣候環(huán)境信息。主要結(jié)論如下:1、剖面粒度組分、粒度參數(shù)、粒度頻數(shù)曲線表明同一層位內(nèi)部白色網(wǎng)紋和紅色基質(zhì)粒度特征相似,數(shù)據(jù)點(diǎn)基本重合,表明同層位的白色網(wǎng)紋和紅色基質(zhì)具有相同的母質(zhì)。剖面樣品的粒度頻數(shù)曲線以雙峰型為主體,與北方黃土以及南京燕子磯下蜀土吻合較好,粒度特征指示大部分地層具有風(fēng)成特性,底部具有水成和風(fēng)成的多元成因?qū)傩�。粒度組分變化的總體趨勢是粉砂含量自底部向頂部增加,粘土含量自底部向頂部減少。反映冬季風(fēng)增強(qiáng),夏季風(fēng)減弱的趨勢,表明中國南方氣候在中更新世以來有變干冷的大趨勢,且其間有干冷暖濕的氣候波動(dòng)。2、廬山WJ剖面自下而上,網(wǎng)紋紅土發(fā)育程度由強(qiáng)變?nèi)?直至停止發(fā)育,其化學(xué)風(fēng)化程度、網(wǎng)紋成熟度ΔE減弱,磁化率增加;理化特征表明自中更新世以來區(qū)域氣候由濕潤轉(zhuǎn)為相對的干冷。剖面環(huán)境代用指標(biāo)表明自中更新世來,區(qū)域氣候大致經(jīng)歷了4個(gè)階段的氣候波動(dòng):中更新世早期氣候極端濕潤,到中期則轉(zhuǎn)為相對的干冷;但在鐵錳膠膜層(第5層)冬夏季風(fēng)大幅度增強(qiáng),冬季異常干冷,夏季極端濕熱,隨后又轉(zhuǎn)為相對的濕潤;到中更新世晚期濕潤氣候繼續(xù)減弱,水熱狀況仍達(dá)到網(wǎng)紋發(fā)育的條件;但到了中更新世晚期或者晚更新世,氣候更為干冷,冬季風(fēng)顯著增強(qiáng),夏季風(fēng)卻顯著減弱,此時(shí)水熱條件足以支撐網(wǎng)紋紅土的發(fā)育,白色網(wǎng)紋停止發(fā)育。3、通過對白色網(wǎng)紋和紅色基質(zhì)微形態(tài)的研究發(fā)現(xiàn):白色網(wǎng)紋和紅色基質(zhì)是相互包含,兩者之間都存在一些裂隙或暗色膠膜。通過電子探針對白色網(wǎng)紋、紅色基質(zhì)及其過渡區(qū)域的元素研究表明裂隙或孔道在白色網(wǎng)紋和紅色基質(zhì)形成過程中具有十分重要的作用,裂隙或許先于白色網(wǎng)紋的形成,并促進(jìn)網(wǎng)紋和基質(zhì)之間元素物質(zhì)的遷移。4、網(wǎng)紋的形成與Fe2O3的遷移和富集有關(guān)。白色網(wǎng)紋與紅色基質(zhì)過渡微區(qū)間Fe2O3質(zhì)量百分比含量大小為:紅色基質(zhì)區(qū)域過渡區(qū)域白色網(wǎng)紋區(qū)域,并且Fe2O3元素在同層位的紅色基質(zhì)中富集程度和白色網(wǎng)紋中遷出程度近乎相等;鐵錳膠膜中Fe2O3元素的分布是膠膜壁膠膜內(nèi)部膠膜外部。Fe2O3元素不僅對土壤顏色、磁化率有著重要作用,而且對土壤中鐵錳膠膜的形成和分布有著決定性作用。故Fe2O3在南方紅土的研究中有著重要的作用,其與氣候環(huán)境的關(guān)系還有待進(jìn)一步研究。
[Abstract]:Chinese south of the Yangtze River region of Quaternary red clay section, including yellow brown soil / homogeneous laterite / laterite / bottom gravel clay (or reticulate) four layers; field observation found that the reticulate red clay layer in white reticulate structure diversification, white color, red net lines, matrix and iron manganese cutans are contains, the microstructure with their respective uniqueness. Previous studies mainly the reticulate red clay layer of white and red reticulate matrix as a whole, to explore the ancient climate information it contains. In this paper, Jiangxi North Mount Lu WJ profile as the object of study, isolated from the same horizon white reticulate and red matrix, analysis on the integrated use of particle size analysis, element geochemistry, magnetic susceptibility analysis, colorimetric analysis and soil micro morphology, physicochemical characteristics of detailed comparative study of white and red reticulate matrix, the micro morphology of the similarities and differences Try, from the micro perspective on the climatic and environmental information contains. The main conclusions are as follows: 1, section size fraction, grain size parameters, grain size frequency curves show the same layer inside the white reticulate and red matrix grain size characteristics of similar data points coincide, that same layer the white reticulate and red matrix with the same parent material the size of the sample. The frequency curve profile in Shuangfeng as the main body type, and the northern Loess and Nanjing Yanziji Xiashu soil in good agreement, indicating most of the formation has the grain size characteristics of Aeolian characteristics with alluvial and aeolian origin of multiple attributes. The overall trend of the bottom grain size group is a change in the silt content increased from bottom to top. The content of clay from bottom to top. Reduce reflect winter monsoon, summer monsoon weakening trend shows that the climate in the South China in Middle Pleistocene has become dry and there is a big trend. .2 dry cold and warm humid climate fluctuations, the Mount Lu WJ section from bottom to top, the vermiculated red soil development degree from strong to weak, until the cessation of development, the degree of chemical weathering, the maturity of E decreased, the increase of susceptibility; physicochemical characteristics show that since the Middle Pleistocene region by the humid climate relative to the dry section. Environmental proxies show that since the Middle Pleistocene, the regional climate has experienced 4 stages: the climate fluctuation in the early Pleistocene extreme humid climate, in the middle is relatively dry and cold; but in the Fe Mn layer (layer fifth) winter and summer monsoon greatly enhanced, cold winter anomaly, extreme summer heat, then turn to the relative the moist; to continue to weaken in the late Pleistocene, humid climate, water and heat conditions still reached reticulate development conditions; but in the late Middle Pleistocene and late Pleistocene, the climate is dry and cold, winter monsoon significantly enhanced summer monsoon is significantly The water and heat conditions weakened, at this time to support the development of Plinthitic red earth, white reticulate stop the development of.3, through the study on Micromorphology of white and red reticulate matrix: white reticulate and red matrix contain each other, there are some cracks or dark film between them. Through the white reticulate electron probe, elements of the red matrix and the transition region shows that crack or pore formation plays an important role in the process of the white and red matrix, cracks may form before the white reticulate, and promote the migration of.4 elements and matrix material between the formation and migration, Fe2O3 net and enrichment. The white reticulate and red transition matrix micro interval Fe2O3 mass percentage size: Red White reticulate matrix region transition region area, and the degree of enrichment of Fe2O3 matrix elements in the same layer of red and white in the The move out of nearly equal degree of color; the distribution of Fe2O3 elements in iron manganese cutans in the film wall film film internal external.Fe2O3 elements not only to soil color, plays an important role in susceptibility, but also has a decisive role in the formation and distribution of soil iron manganese cutans. Therefore, Fe2O3 plays an important role in the study of southern red clay, its relationship with climate and environment remains to be further studied.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：江西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P534.63;P532

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