本文選題：多次波　切入點(diǎn)：多次波識(shí)別　出處：《中國礦業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：多次波干擾是一種在地震勘探資料中常見的規(guī)則干擾,由于黃土塬地區(qū)黃土層巨厚,地震波在黃土層中波阻抗與基巖波阻抗差異很大,所以該地區(qū)多次波極其發(fā)育。多次波的存在,一方面壓制了有效波的能量,降低了信噪比,另一方面混淆有效波,容易造成錯(cuò)誤的地質(zhì)推斷。多次波的識(shí)別和壓制一直是地震資料處理中關(guān)鍵的環(huán)節(jié)。因此,研究黃土塬地區(qū)多次波識(shí)別與壓制研究,就有非常重要的應(yīng)用價(jià)值。本文從多次波的產(chǎn)生機(jī)理和分類出發(fā),通過建立正演模型,分析常規(guī)地面地震勘探和VSP勘探的單炮記錄可以發(fā)現(xiàn),黃土塬地區(qū)多次波極其發(fā)育,嚴(yán)重影響了地震資料的信噪比,對(duì)黃土塬地區(qū)的地震資料進(jìn)行多次波壓制是很有必要的。系統(tǒng)的介紹了多種識(shí)別多次波的方法和目前主流的預(yù)測反褶積、F-K濾波、Radon變換以及SRME等方法,并介紹了各種方法所依據(jù)的原理、算法,分析了適用條件、壓制效果以及優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)等。以黃土塬地層信息為依據(jù),建立了正演地質(zhì)模型來分析黃土塬地區(qū)的多次波波場特征,并從多角度識(shí)別模型中的多次波。針對(duì)黃土塬地區(qū)復(fù)雜地層產(chǎn)生的多類型多次波,提出了聯(lián)合壓制多次波方案,結(jié)合實(shí)際應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)的論述了該方案的設(shè)計(jì)原則。在此基礎(chǔ)上,針對(duì)黃土塬的資料特征,設(shè)計(jì)了聯(lián)合應(yīng)用預(yù)測反褶積、f-k濾波、Radon變換濾波的方案,充分利用這三種方法的優(yōu)點(diǎn),優(yōu)化多次波的壓制處理。針對(duì)正演模型模擬的數(shù)據(jù),應(yīng)用設(shè)計(jì)的聯(lián)合壓制多次波方案,對(duì)正演地質(zhì)模型模擬的地震記錄中的多次波干擾進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化處理,表現(xiàn)出比單一壓制方法更優(yōu)的效果。并應(yīng)用于實(shí)際資料多次波的壓制,也取得了較好的效果,表明該設(shè)計(jì)方案有一定的應(yīng)用價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:Multiple wave interference is a kind of regular interference in seismic exploration data. Because of the huge thickness of loess layer in loess plateau, the wave impedance of seismic wave in loess layer is very different from that of bedrock wave, so the multiple wave is extremely developed in this area.The existence of multiple waves, on the one hand, suppresses the energy of effective waves, reduces the signal-to-noise ratio, on the other hand, confuses the effective waves, which can easily lead to wrong geological inference.The identification and suppression of multiple waves is always a key step in seismic data processing.Therefore, it is very important to study the identification and suppression of multiple waves in Loess Plateau.Based on the generation mechanism and classification of multiple waves, this paper analyzes the single shot records of conventional ground seismic exploration and VSP exploration by establishing forward modeling. It can be found that multiple waves are extremely developed in the loess plateau area, which seriously affects the signal-to-noise ratio of seismic data.It is necessary to suppress seismic data in Loess Plateau.This paper systematically introduces several methods of identifying multiple waves and the current mainstream methods of predicting deconvolution F-K filter Radon transform and SRME, and introduces the principle and algorithm of these methods, and analyzes the applicable conditions, suppression effect, advantages and disadvantages, and so on.Based on the stratigraphic information of loess plateau, a forward geological model is established to analyze the characteristics of multiple waves in loess plateau, and to identify multiple waves in the model from multiple angles.In view of the multiple types of multiple waves produced by complex strata in the Loess Plateau, a scheme of combined suppression of multiple waves is put forward, and the design principles of the scheme are discussed in combination with the practical application system.On this basis, according to the data characteristics of loess plateau, a scheme of combined application of predictive deconvolution filtering with f-k filter and Radon transform is designed, which makes full use of the advantages of these three methods and optimizes the suppression of multiple waves.Based on the data of forward model simulation, this paper optimizes the treatment of multiple interference in seismic records of forward geological model simulation by using the designed combined suppression multiple scheme, which shows better effect than single suppression method.It has been applied to the suppression of multiple waves of practical data, and has achieved good results, which shows that the design scheme has certain application value.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國礦業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：P631.4

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前6條

1 石穎;邢小林;;表面多次波壓制的研究進(jìn)展:回顧與展望[J];地球物理學(xué)進(jìn)展;2011年06期

2 朱海龍;張山;;高保真VSP波場分離方法研究[J];地球物理學(xué)進(jìn)展;2012年04期

3 趙昌壘;葉月明;姚根順;胡冰;莊錫進(jìn);;線性拉東域預(yù)測反褶積在海洋多次波去除中的應(yīng)用[J];地球物理學(xué)進(jìn)展;2013年02期

4 王通;王德利;馮飛;程浩;孫海龍;;三維自由表面多次波去除方法[J];吉林大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(地球科學(xué)版);2014年06期

5 王成禮;宋玉龍;牟風(fēng)明;趙彥青;;兩步法預(yù)測反褶積在壓制變周期鳴震中的應(yīng)用[J];石油物探;2007年01期

6 董烈乾;李振春;楊少春;李鳳磊;王嬌;;基于經(jīng)驗(yàn)?zāi)B(tài)分解的f-x域面波壓制方法[J];石油地球物理勘探;2013年01期

，

本文編號(hào)：1707531