本文選題：盆地效應(yīng)　切入點(diǎn)：地震動(dòng)　出處：《中國地震局地球物理研究所》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國有許多大中城市位于盆地環(huán)境之中,伴隨著我國城市現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)的快速發(fā)展,城市中出現(xiàn)了越來越多的中高層建筑、大跨度城市立交橋等自振周期較長的工程結(jié)構(gòu)。國內(nèi)外多次大地震的震害調(diào)查結(jié)果和強(qiáng)震觀測(cè)均表明：盆地會(huì)顯著地放大長周期地震動(dòng),增加地震動(dòng)持時(shí),對(duì)自振周期較長的工程結(jié)構(gòu)造成比較嚴(yán)重的破壞。然而我國現(xiàn)行的建筑抗震設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范和地震動(dòng)預(yù)測(cè)方程還沒有針對(duì)地震動(dòng)盆地放大效應(yīng)做出特別的考慮,這無疑降低了盆地內(nèi)建筑物的抗震設(shè)防標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。盆地效應(yīng)涉及的影響因素是很多很復(fù)雜的,針對(duì)地震動(dòng)盆地放大效應(yīng)與盆地深度之間的相關(guān)性,本文主要完成了以下幾個(gè)方面的工作：1.總結(jié)現(xiàn)有盆地效應(yīng)研究進(jìn)展和方法,將我國學(xué)者提出并完善的結(jié)合透射邊界的解耦的近場(chǎng)波動(dòng)有限元數(shù)值模擬方法用于地震動(dòng)盆地放大效應(yīng)研究,直接在盆地底部輸入地震動(dòng),實(shí)現(xiàn)了直接從盆地本身出發(fā)刻畫地震動(dòng)盆地放大效應(yīng)的研究思路。2.作為嘗試性的定性研究,分析了小“方形”,“倒凸形”和“曲邊形”理想盆地模型的地震動(dòng)響應(yīng)特點(diǎn),揭示了地震動(dòng)盆地放大效應(yīng)與盆地深度之間較好的相關(guān)性,這與現(xiàn)有一些研究成果的結(jié)論是一致的。3.為了更直接地服務(wù)于抗震設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范的修編工作,本研究將盆地淺表的軟弱土層剝離掉,不考慮盆地淺表的場(chǎng)地效應(yīng),重點(diǎn)研究由于盆地的存在導(dǎo)致的盆地內(nèi)外軟硬基巖之間的地震動(dòng)放大效應(yīng),定義盆地放大系數(shù)為盆地內(nèi)場(chǎng)點(diǎn)地震動(dòng)加速度反應(yīng)譜一定周期值與盆地外場(chǎng)點(diǎn)地震動(dòng)加速度反應(yīng)譜對(duì)應(yīng)周期值的比值。建立三類理想二維盆地模型,輸入臺(tái)北盆地和渭河盆地周圍基巖臺(tái)站所獲得的實(shí)際地震記錄,研究了實(shí)際地震記錄作用下盆地對(duì)地震動(dòng)加速度反應(yīng)譜的放大系數(shù),對(duì)大量的計(jì)算結(jié)果進(jìn)行了簡(jiǎn)單的線性和二次曲線擬合分析,得到了初步的加速度反應(yīng)譜一定周期(1.0s-8.Os)值盆地平均放大系數(shù)與盆地深度之間的簡(jiǎn)單關(guān)系。4.研究分析了國內(nèi)外盆地效應(yīng)典型的研究成果,重點(diǎn)分析了不同研究所定義的盆地放大系數(shù)之間的差異,一定程度上,本文盆地放大系數(shù)的含義與利用實(shí)際地震記錄結(jié)合地震動(dòng)預(yù)測(cè)方程和實(shí)際地震記錄標(biāo)準(zhǔn)譜比法得到的盆地放大系數(shù)是一致的。最后搜集了“南北地震帶”范圍內(nèi)5個(gè)盆地的現(xiàn)有數(shù)據(jù)資料,給出了這5個(gè)實(shí)際盆地加速度反應(yīng)譜1.0s周期值盆地放大系數(shù)分布圖,為這些盆地城市未來的防震減災(zāi)規(guī)劃中考慮盆地效應(yīng),提供了一定的參考。
[Abstract]:There are many large and medium-sized cities in China in the basin environment. With the rapid development of urban modernization in China, more and more medium-high-rise buildings and long-span urban flyovers and other engineering structures with long natural vibration period have appeared in the cities.The results of earthquake damage investigation and strong earthquake observation at home and abroad show that the basin will significantly enlarge the long-period ground motion and cause serious damage to the engineering structure with longer natural vibration period when the earthquake duration is increased.However, the current building seismic design code and earthquake prediction equation in China have not made special consideration for the amplification effect of seismic basin, which undoubtedly reduces the seismic fortification standard of buildings in the basin.The influence factors involved in the basin effect are very complicated. In view of the correlation between the amplification effect of the ground motion basin and the depth of the basin, this paper mainly completes the following work: 1.The present research progress and methods of basin effect are summarized. The numerical simulation method of near-field wave coupled with decoupling of transmission boundary proposed by Chinese scholars is used to study the amplification effect of ground motion basin, and the ground motion is input directly at the bottom of the basin.The research idea of describing the amplification effect of ground motion basin directly from the basin itself is realized.As a tentative qualitative study, the characteristics of seismic response of small "square", "inverted convex" and "curved" ideal basin models are analyzed, and the better correlation between the amplification effect and basin depth is revealed.This is consistent with the conclusions of some existing studies.In order to serve the revision of seismic design code more directly, the weak soil layer of the basin is stripped away without considering the site effect of the shallow surface of the basin.Emphasis is placed on the effect of ground motion amplification between soft and hard bedrock in and out of the basin due to the existence of the basin.The magnification factor of the basin is defined as the ratio of the periodic value of the acceleration response spectrum of the point ground motion in the basin to that of the acceleration spectrum of the ground motion at the point of the basin outside the basin.Three kinds of ideal two-dimensional basin models were established to input the actual seismic records obtained from the bedrock stations around the Taibei and Weihe basins. The magnification factor of the acceleration response spectrum of the basin to the ground motion under the action of the actual seismic records was studied.The simple linear and conic fitting analysis of a large number of calculated results is carried out, and the simple relationship between the mean magnification factor and the depth of the basin is obtained from the initial acceleration response spectrum with a certain period of 1.0s-8.Os.The typical research results of basin effect at home and abroad are analyzed, and the differences between basin magnification factors defined by different research institutes are analyzed, to a certain extent,The meaning of the basin magnification factor in this paper is consistent with the basin magnification factor obtained by combining the actual seismic records with the prediction equation of ground motion and the standard spectral ratio method of actual seismic records.Finally, the existing data of five basins in the range of "North and South Seismic Belt" are collected, and the distribution map of magnification factor of these five real basins in the acceleration response spectrum of 1.0s period is given.Some references are provided for the future planning of earthquake prevention and disaster reduction in these basins.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國地震局地球物理研究所
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：P315.9

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