本文選題：V8多功能電法工作站　切入點(diǎn)：CSAMT　出處：《廣西大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：廣西山區(qū)地形變化劇烈、地質(zhì)條件復(fù)雜,尤其是石灰?guī)r地區(qū),斷裂、巖溶等不良地質(zhì)體相當(dāng)發(fā)育,長大深埋隧道勘察通常缺乏有效的物探手段查明深部不良地質(zhì)體。高密度電法、淺層地震法等方法存在勘探深度小、地形影響大、高阻屏蔽等諸多不足。V8多功能電法工作站具有先進(jìn)的電磁法功能模塊,該技術(shù)恰好彌補(bǔ)淺層物探方法的不足。V8電磁探測技術(shù)在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中,電磁法測深曲線特征、靜態(tài)效應(yīng)、場源效應(yīng)、電磁干擾、最佳觀測方案、電磁法反演等關(guān)鍵技術(shù)尤為重要,本文進(jìn)行了針對性的研究：通過對卡尼亞電阻率、阻抗相位及磁場強(qiáng)度曲線特征研究,掌握了各種地質(zhì)背景下曲線變化特征、靜態(tài)效應(yīng)及近場效應(yīng)的體現(xiàn)特征、卡尼亞電阻率曲線與阻抗相位曲線關(guān)聯(lián)變化特征、卡尼亞電阻率與磁場強(qiáng)度對地質(zhì)體敏感性差異特征以及受干擾影響曲線畸變特征等,對數(shù)據(jù)采集及資料解釋具有重要指導(dǎo)意義；對引起靜態(tài)效應(yīng)的機(jī)制及校正方法進(jìn)行了深入研究,利用實(shí)測數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行靜態(tài)效應(yīng)分析并用CSAMT-3.0軟件分別進(jìn)行了D(五點(diǎn)濾波法)、H(七點(diǎn)濾波法)、Z(中值濾波法)、K(縱向削平曲線平移法)靜態(tài)校正,經(jīng)對比分析,認(rèn)為該軟件中值濾波法靜態(tài)校正效果較好；對場源效應(yīng)進(jìn)行了深入研究,以實(shí)例進(jìn)行了近場效應(yīng)分析和校正,達(dá)到了預(yù)期效果；對電磁干擾及應(yīng)對措施進(jìn)行深入研究；對CSAMT最佳觀測方案進(jìn)行研究,包括場源設(shè)計(jì)、排列方式、收發(fā)距、測量電極距、工作頻率等的選擇,指出采用最佳觀測方案的重要性：既能提高勘探精度又能提高工作效率；對電磁法反演進(jìn)行了研究,著重研究了CSAMT-SW V3.0軟件的Bostick反演、CSAMT模型的擬二維反演及MT模型的二維帶地形反演方法特點(diǎn),以實(shí)例對比分析了各種方案的反演效果,山區(qū)隧道勘察宜采用CSAMT模型擬二維反演或MT模型二維帶地形反演。論文以廣西多個(gè)隧道勘察為依托,采用V8電磁法探測出各隧道的不良地質(zhì)體賦存情況及含水性,經(jīng)鉆探及隧道開挖驗(yàn)證,V8探測結(jié)果與實(shí)際地質(zhì)情況吻合較好,取得了預(yù)期效果。研究表明,V8電磁法較好地彌補(bǔ)了淺層物探方法(如高密度電法、淺層地震法)探測深度淺、陡峻山區(qū)適用性差等不足,可有效查明長大深埋隧道地層分布,斷層破碎帶、巖溶發(fā)育帶、軟弱夾層等不良地質(zhì)體的賦存情況及含水性,填補(bǔ)了廣西區(qū)內(nèi)深埋隧道地質(zhì)勘探的空白,突出了其在長大深埋隧道勘探中的優(yōu)越性。
[Abstract]:The topography of Guangxi mountainous area changes dramatically and the geological conditions are complicated. Especially in the limestone area, fault, karst and other bad geological bodies, the geological bodies are quite developed. The exploration of long and deep buried tunnels is usually lack of effective geophysical means to find out the bad geological bodies in depth. The methods such as high density electric method and shallow seismic method have small exploration depth and great influence on topography. V8 multifunctional electrical workstation has advanced electromagnetic function module. This technology can make up for the deficiency of shallow geophysical prospecting method. V8 electromagnetic detection technology is applied in practice, electromagnetic sounding curve characteristic and static effect. The key techniques such as field source effect, electromagnetic interference, optimal observation scheme and inversion of electromagnetic method are particularly important. In this paper, the characteristics of Kania resistivity, impedance phase and magnetic field intensity curve are studied. The characteristics of curve variation, static effect and near-field effect, and the correlation between Kania resistivity curve and impedance phase curve are grasped. The differences between Kania resistivity and magnetic field intensity to geological bodies and the distortion characteristics of the curves affected by interference are of great significance for data acquisition and data interpretation. In this paper, the mechanism and correction method of static effect are deeply studied. The static effect analysis of measured data and the static correction of D (five-point filtering method) with CSAMT-3.0 software are carried out respectively, and the static correction of D (seven-point filtering method) K (vertical flattening curve translation method) is compared and analyzed. It is considered that the software median filter method has a good static correction effect, the field source effect is deeply studied, the near field effect is analyzed and corrected with an example, and the expected effect is achieved, and the electromagnetic interference and countermeasures are deeply studied. This paper studies the optimal observation scheme of CSAMT, including the selection of field source design, arrangement mode, transceiver distance, measuring electrode distance, working frequency and so on. It points out the importance of adopting the best observation scheme: it can not only improve the exploration accuracy but also improve the working efficiency; The inversion of electromagnetic method is studied, and the characteristics of quasi-two-dimensional inversion of Bostick inversion model of CSAMT-SW V3.0 software and two-dimensional terrain inversion of MT model are emphatically studied. The inversion results of various schemes are compared and analyzed with examples. In mountain tunnel exploration, CSAMT model and MT model should be used to simulate 2D inversion or MT model 2-D terrain inversion. Based on the investigation of several tunnels in Guangxi, V8 electromagnetic method is used to detect the occurrence and water content of bad geological bodies in each tunnel. The results of drilling and tunnel excavation verify that the detection results of V8 are in good agreement with the actual geological conditions, and the expected results are obtained. The study shows that the V8 electromagnetic method can make up for the shallow depth of the shallow geophysical prospecting methods (such as high density electrical method, shallow seismic method). The poor applicability of steep mountain areas can effectively find out the occurrence and water content of bad geological bodies, such as strata distribution of long and deep buried tunnels, fault fracture zone, karst developed zone, weak intercalation and so on. It fills in the blank of deep buried tunnel geological exploration in Guangxi area, and highlights its superiority in long and deep buried tunnel exploration.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U452.1;P631.325
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本文編號：1684999