本文選題：地震資料處理　切入點：正演模擬　出處：《西南石油大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：在地震資料處理環(huán)節(jié)中,隨著處理對象及算法的復(fù)雜程度越來越高,作為高精度反演、逆時偏移等地震資料處理的重要組成部分,地震波正演模擬對計算速度的要求越來越高,傳統(tǒng)的以CPU為主的串行算法已經(jīng)不能滿足日益復(fù)雜的地震勘探對計算效率的需求,而目前實際工作中使用的計算機集群并行計算面臨系統(tǒng)能耗和維護成本過高的問題,而GPU擁有自身的并行架構(gòu)特性,且功耗低、成本小,進行GPU并行計算正可以解決這些問題。 有限差分法求解地震波動方程時,數(shù)值頻散問題對模擬結(jié)果影響重大,通過實驗對比,分析得到處理數(shù)值頻散的幾種方法。繼而而研究了PML(完全匹配層)吸收邊界條件處理邊界反射問題,通過實驗對比,說明了邊界條件對正演模擬的重要性,并推導(dǎo)出了相應(yīng)的聲波方程的離散差分形式,有限差分方法和吸收邊界處理都很適合在GPU平臺做并行計算。 NVIDIA公司開發(fā)的基于GPU的統(tǒng)一設(shè)備架構(gòu)平臺CUDA, CUDA首先是在硬件支持的基礎(chǔ)上,對GPU進行多線程并行計算的軟件平臺,處理地震波場有限差分計算的頻散問題時,因為差分階數(shù)和網(wǎng)格規(guī)模的增加造成計算效率很低,而且在剖分網(wǎng)格上做地震波場的有限差分計算,網(wǎng)格上各個節(jié)點的數(shù)值計算存在很大的并行性,所以正演模擬有限差分非常適合在GPU平臺做多線程并行計算。 本文基于CUDA軟件結(jié)構(gòu),實現(xiàn)了二維聲波方程有限差分?jǐn)?shù)值解法的具體實現(xiàn)方法和流程,并通過不同配置硬件環(huán)境下的運行效率對比分析,充分證明,基于CUDA軟件平臺可明顯提高地震波正演模擬的計算效率,為地震資料處理環(huán)節(jié)提供了技術(shù)實現(xiàn)的可能。
[Abstract]:In seismic data processing link, as the processing object and the algorithm complexity is increasing. As an important part of high precision inversion, reverse time migration of seismic data processing, seismic forward simulation of the computing speed of the increasingly high demand, mainly CPU the traditional serial algorithm can not meet the increasingly seismic exploration the computational efficiency of the complex needs, and computer cluster currently used in the practical work of parallel computing system facing the problem of high energy consumption and maintenance cost, while GPU has a parallel architecture characteristics of itself, and the power consumption is low, the small, GPU parallel computing is to solve these problems.
Finite difference method for solving seismic wave equations, the numerical dispersion effect on the simulation results, through the experimental comparison, analysis of several treatment methods. Then the numerical dispersion of PML (perfectly matched layer) absorbing boundary condition boundary reflection problem, through the experimental comparison, illustrates the importance of boundary conditions on the forward the simulation, and deduces the discrete differential equations corresponding to the wave form, the finite difference method and the absorbing boundary treatment is very suitable for parallel computing on the GPU platform.
GPU unified device architecture based on CUDA developed by NVIDIA company, is the first CUDA based on hardware support, GPU multi-threaded parallel computing software platform, processing of seismic wave field finite difference calculation of the dispersion problem, because the difference order and the scale of the grid increases caused by the calculation efficiency is very low but, in the mesh on the seismic wave field finite difference calculation, calculation of the inherent parallelism of each node of the large grid numerical modeling, so the finite difference is very suitable for parallel computing on the GPU platform to do more threads.
In this paper, based on the CUDA architecture, implementation methods and processes to achieve the two-dimensional acoustic wave equation finite difference numerical solution, and proved by comparing the efficiency of different hardware configuration environment analysis, the computing efficiency of CUDA software platform can significantly improve the seismic simulation based on technology offers the possibility for seismic data processing link.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P631.44

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