本文選題：混源油　切入點(diǎn)：三環(huán)萜　出處：《中國石油大學(xué)(北京)》2016年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：疊合盆地發(fā)育多套烴源巖,油氣混源現(xiàn)象普遍,搞清源巖對混源油貢獻(xiàn)大小及混源油如何成藏對于預(yù)測油氣分布具有重要意義。針對準(zhǔn)噶爾盆地瑪湖凹陷百口泉組油藏原油混源現(xiàn)象普遍的特征,開展了烴源巖生烴特征、原油類型劃分、油源對比、油氣運(yùn)移及聚集機(jī)制研究,闡明了百口泉油藏的成藏模式,確定了百口泉組原油混源的主控因素。二疊系源巖中,風(fēng)城組烴源巖有機(jī)質(zhì)豐度高、類型好,是本區(qū)主力源巖,其三環(huán)萜烷C20、C21和C23呈典型的“上升型”分布,為進(jìn)一步探討其生烴特征差異,將其細(xì)分為泥巖類及碳酸鹽巖類兩類源巖,泥巖類三環(huán)萜中更富集C25三環(huán)萜烷;烏爾禾組烴源巖其次,三環(huán)萜主要呈“下降型”分布,具有一定的生油能力;佳木河組烴源巖演化程度高,有機(jī)質(zhì)類型以III型為主,難作為有效油源巖;有機(jī)巖石學(xué)及熱模擬實(shí)驗(yàn)證實(shí),源巖三環(huán)萜的分布主要受控于母質(zhì)類型與沉積環(huán)境,成熟度會造成三環(huán)萜總體增加,但不影響其分布型式,排烴作用對其影響較小。針對百口泉組原油成熟度較高、三環(huán)萜烷含量豐富的特征,綜合生標(biāo)、碳同位素、微量元素等指標(biāo),將其分為3大類5亞類并進(jìn)行油源對比:A1類原油來自風(fēng)城組碳酸鹽巖,A2類來自風(fēng)城組泥巖;B類來自烏爾禾組泥巖;C1類為風(fēng)城組碳酸鹽巖與烏爾禾組泥巖混源成因,C2類為風(fēng)城組泥巖與烏爾禾組泥巖混源成因;對于混源油混合比例,采用物質(zhì)平衡法反演計(jì)算與端元油混合配比實(shí)驗(yàn)正演相結(jié)合,計(jì)算了不同油藏原油樣品的混源比例:斷裂帶油藏混源油的油源主要為風(fēng)城組,烏爾禾組貢獻(xiàn)大部分低于30%;斜坡帶油藏混源原油不同樣品比例變化較大;深洼帶原油主要油源為烏爾禾組泥巖,風(fēng)城組來源原油混入比例基本低于20%。利用包裹體熒光及FTIR參數(shù)限定了原油混合類型為多期混源,包裹體均一溫度確認(rèn)百口泉組混源油藏一般發(fā)育兩期包裹體。研究了不同巖相及成熟度對含氮化合物的影響,利用優(yōu)選運(yùn)移參數(shù)研究了運(yùn)移方式:原油在深洼部位側(cè)向運(yùn)移為主,斷裂帶以垂向運(yùn)移為主,斜坡帶兼具兩種運(yùn)移方式。在此基礎(chǔ)上建立了成藏模式:斷裂帶雙源斷層-不整合輸導(dǎo)兩期成藏,斜坡帶雙源斷層-近源砂體輸導(dǎo)成藏和深洼帶單源砂體輸導(dǎo)一期成藏;闡明了原油混源的主控因素:源巖時(shí)空展布控制原油混源類型及其分布,源巖相類型、成熟度及早期殘留瀝青導(dǎo)致原油地球化學(xué)特征的差異,輸導(dǎo)體系的配置關(guān)系決定不同油藏混源過程。
[Abstract]:There are many sets of hydrocarbon source rocks developed in the superimposed basin, and the phenomenon of oil and gas mixing is common. The contribution of Qingyuan rock to the mixed source oil and how the mixed source oil is formed is of great significance for predicting the distribution of oil and gas. In view of the common phenomenon of mixed source of oil in Baikouquan formation reservoir in Mahu depression of Junggar Basin, the hydrocarbon generation characteristics of source rock are carried out. The classification of crude oil types, oil source correlation, migration and accumulation mechanism of oil and gas are studied. The reservoir forming model of Baikouquan reservoir is clarified, and the main controlling factors of mixed source of crude oil in Baikouquan formation are determined. In the Permian source rocks, the organic matter abundance of source rock in Fengcheng formation is high. It is the main source rock in this area, and its tricyclic terpene C _ (20) C _ (21) and C _ (23) have typical "ascending" distribution. In order to further study the difference of its hydrocarbon generation characteristics, it is subdivided into two types of source rocks: mudstone and carbonate rock. In mudstone, tricyclic terpenes are more enriched in C25 tricyclic terpenes, the source rocks of Wuerhe formation are next, tricyclic terpenes are mainly of "descending type" distribution and have certain oil generation ability, the evolution degree of source rocks in Jiamuhe formation is high, and the type of organic matter is mainly III type. The distribution of tricyclic terpenes in the source rocks is mainly controlled by the parent material type and sedimentary environment, and maturity will cause the total increase of tricyclic terpenes, but do not affect their distribution patterns, the organic petrology and thermal simulation experiments show that the distribution of tricyclic terpenes in the source rocks is mainly controlled by the parent material type and sedimentary environment. In view of the characteristics of high maturity and rich trichloroterpene content in Baikouquan formation crude oil, comprehensive genetic criteria, carbon isotopes, trace elements, and so on, have little effect on hydrocarbon expulsion. It is divided into 3 categories and 5 subclasses, and the oil source correlation is carried out. The crude oil of type A1 comes from carbonate rock of Fengcheng formation and type A 2 from mudstone of Fengcheng formation. Type B comes from mudstone of Wuerhe formation. Type C1 is the origin of mixed source of carbonate rock of Fengcheng formation and mudstone of Wuerhe formation. The origin of C _ 2 is mixed source of mudstone of Fengcheng formation and Wuerhe formation; The mixing ratio of mixed source oil is calculated by combining the inverse calculation of material balance method with the experiment of mixing ratio of end component oil, and the proportion of mixed source of crude oil samples in different reservoirs is calculated: the oil source of mixed source oil in fault zone reservoir is mainly Fengcheng formation, the main source of mixed source oil in fault zone reservoir is Fengcheng formation. The contribution of Wuerhe formation is mostly less than 30%; the proportion of mixed source crude oil varies greatly in slope zone reservoir; the main oil source in deep depression zone is mudstone of Wuerhe formation. The mixing ratio of crude oil from Fengcheng formation is lower than 20%. By using the inclusion fluorescence and FTIR parameters, the mixing type of crude oil is defined as multi-period mixed source. The homogenization temperature of inclusions confirmed that the mixed source reservoirs of Baikouquan formation generally developed two stages of inclusions. The effects of different lithofacies and maturity on nitrogen-bearing compounds were studied. Based on the optimal migration parameters, the migration patterns are studied: the lateral migration of crude oil in deep lying areas is dominant, and the vertical migration of fault zones is dominant. There are two migration modes in the slope zone. On the basis of this, the reservoir forming model is established: dual source fault-unconformable reservoir formation in fault zone, dual source fault-near-source sand body transportation and reservoir formation in slope zone and single source sand body transport in deep depression zone. The main controlling factors of mixed source of crude oil are expounded, such as the distribution of source rocks, the type and distribution of source rocks, the type of source rocks, the maturity of source rocks, and the difference of geochemical characteristics of crude oil caused by residual bitumen in the early stage. The distribution of the transport system determines the mixing process of different reservoirs.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國石油大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：P618.13

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