本文選題：采空區(qū)　切入點：拉張裂隙　出處：《中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：湖北省是我國磷礦產(chǎn)資源大省,該地區(qū)磷礦開采歷史悠久。但隨著礦產(chǎn)資源的開發(fā)利用,該地區(qū)的礦山地質(zhì)災(zāi)害日益增多,并且因地下開采形成的采空區(qū)塌陷面積、分布范圍也在逐步擴大,時有因采空塌陷誘發(fā)的地質(zhì)災(zāi)害發(fā)生,嚴重威脅到當(dāng)?shù)鼐用竦陌踩�。本文主要對湖北省宜昌市杉樹埡磷礦區(qū)西部礦段內(nèi)的危巖體進行研究分析,在闡明研究區(qū)地質(zhì)環(huán)境條件的基礎(chǔ)上,分析了區(qū)內(nèi)危巖體的基本特征和規(guī)律,通過模型式數(shù)值計算對危巖體的穩(wěn)定性進行評價分析,并利用3DEC數(shù)值軟件,對危巖體發(fā)育崩塌地質(zhì)災(zāi)害的形成及變形演化過程進行可視化分析,旨在進行區(qū)內(nèi)危巖體在礦山開采形成采空區(qū)引發(fā)的崩塌地質(zhì)災(zāi)害預(yù)測與形成機理分析,為生產(chǎn)及相關(guān)研究提供一定的參考價值,并為防治措施的制定提供依據(jù),保障礦區(qū)生產(chǎn)安全及當(dāng)?shù)鼐用竦娜松碡敭a(chǎn)安全。本文主要研究內(nèi)容和研究成果如下：(1)研究區(qū)內(nèi)斜坡巖性為震旦系上統(tǒng)燈影組的厚層-巨厚層狀白云巖,地形陡峭,崖壁廣布,危巖體發(fā)育,地質(zhì)構(gòu)造復(fù)雜,發(fā)育有多條與斜坡走向近平行的斷裂,為崩塌的發(fā)生提供了必要條件。(2)調(diào)查、收集區(qū)內(nèi)危巖體的詳細情況,總結(jié)危巖體發(fā)育的結(jié)構(gòu)特征、受力特征和分布規(guī)律等,并分析危巖體發(fā)生崩塌后的運動特征主要為突發(fā)性強及運動軌跡的不確定性。(3)論文采用模型式定量計算采空區(qū)頂板開裂高度為189.13m,開裂高度將直接影響到地表或地表燈影組地層,與地表坡體裂隙貫通,導(dǎo)致坡體裂縫拉張,在重力及卸荷作用下,極易引發(fā)崩塌地質(zhì)災(zāi)害的形成。(4)結(jié)合區(qū)內(nèi)危巖體特征,坡體的后緣拉裂與坡體結(jié)構(gòu)面的特征分析,研究區(qū)內(nèi)危巖體的主要破壞形式為：拉張—滑塌式崩塌與拉張—傾倒式崩塌。(5)采用3DEC數(shù)值模擬軟件,針對拉張—滑塌式崩塌,模擬磷礦地下采空導(dǎo)致坡體變形破壞的演化過程。隨著地下采空的形成,坡體發(fā)生了不均勻沉降,坡體表面變性破壞明顯。進一步將坡體變形破壞過程分為三個階段：磷礦開采階段、采空區(qū)塌陷階段和崩塌形成階段。(6)綜合現(xiàn)場調(diào)查、模型式計算結(jié)果和數(shù)值模擬過程分析得出,在未來礦山開采形成大面積的采空區(qū)后,引發(fā)地表沉降將破壞危巖體的穩(wěn)定性,失去穩(wěn)定的危巖體極易崩落產(chǎn)生崩塌地質(zhì)災(zāi)害。
[Abstract]:Hubei Province is a large province of phosphorus mineral resources in China. The mining history of phosphate rock in this area is long. However, with the development and utilization of mineral resources, the geological hazards of mines in this area are increasing day by day, and the caved area of goaf formed by underground mining is also increased. The distribution range is also gradually expanding, and there are geological disasters induced by caving, which seriously threaten the safety of local residents. This paper mainly studies and analyses the dangerous rock mass in the western section of the Zhanshuya phosphate ore area, Yichang City, Hubei Province. On the basis of clarifying the geological environmental conditions of the study area, the basic characteristics and laws of the dangerous rock mass in the area are analyzed, and the stability of the dangerous rock mass is evaluated and analyzed by the model numerical calculation, and the numerical software 3DEC is used to evaluate the stability of the dangerous rock mass. The formation and deformation evolution process of dangerous rock mass development and collapse geological hazard are analyzed visually in order to predict and analyze the formation mechanism of collapse geological hazard caused by dangerous rock mass in mining goaf in this area. To provide some reference value for production and related research, and to provide the basis for the formulation of prevention and control measures. The main research contents and results of this paper are as follows: 1) the slope lithology in the study area is thick-thick stratified dolomite of the Upper Sinian Dengying formation with steep topography and wide cliffs. The dangerous rock mass is developed, the geological structure is complex, and there are many faults near parallel to the slope strike, which provide the necessary conditions for the occurrence of the collapse. The detailed situation of the dangerous rock mass in the area is collected, and the structural characteristics of the dangerous rock mass development are summarized. Stress characteristics and distribution laws, etc., It also analyzes that the movement characteristics of dangerous rock mass after collapse are mainly sudden strong and uncertainty of motion track.) in this paper, the height of roof cracking in goaf is calculated quantitatively to be 189.13 m, and the crack height will directly affect the formation of Dengying formation on the surface or surface. It is easy to cause the formation of collapse geological hazard under the action of gravity and unloading, combining with the characteristics of dangerous rock mass in the area, and the characteristic analysis of the back edge of the slope body and the structural plane of slope body, which is connected with the fracture of the surface slope body, which leads to the extension of the fracture of the slope body, and the formation of the geological disaster of collapse easily under the action of gravity and unloading. The main failure forms of dangerous rock mass in the study area are as follows: tension-slide collapse and tension-toppling collapse. 3DEC numerical simulation software is used to solve the problem of tension-slide collapse. The evolution process of slope deformation and destruction caused by underground mining of phosphate rock is simulated. With the formation of underground mining, uneven settlement of slope occurs. The deformation and failure process of slope body is further divided into three stages: phosphate mining stage, goaf collapse stage and collapse formation stage. The result of model calculation and the analysis of numerical simulation process show that, after a large area of goaf is formed in the future mining, the surface subsidence will destroy the stability of the dangerous rock mass, and the unstable dangerous rock mass will easily collapse and cause the geological disaster of collapse.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P642.21

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條

1 何芳;徐友寧;袁漢春;;礦山環(huán)境地質(zhì)問題綜合評價客觀權(quán)值確定方法探討[J];中國地質(zhì);2008年02期

2 駱銀輝;胡斌;朱榮華;普興如;;崩塌的形成機理與防治方法[J];西部探礦工程;2008年12期

，

本文編號：1626734