本文選題：巖溶　切入點(diǎn)：鐵路基底　出處：《成都理工大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著我國鐵路建設(shè)步伐的加快,在建設(shè)的過程中,不可避免的會(huì)建設(shè)越來越多穿越復(fù)雜巖溶地質(zhì)條件的鐵路線。這些線路的修建,當(dāng)遇到某些復(fù)雜山地地形條件影響時(shí)還需要開挖隧道。為保障巖溶區(qū)鐵路安全,對(duì)沿線的鐵路進(jìn)行勘察,查明巖溶發(fā)育位置,排除巖溶對(duì)鐵路安全產(chǎn)生的影響。本文結(jié)合工區(qū)地質(zhì)情況、地球物理特征與存在的限制條件排除其他巖溶物探方法,選取了高密度電法、探地雷達(dá)法、地震映像法、瞬態(tài)瑞雷面波法進(jìn)行研究和應(yīng)用。巖溶與地下水存在著密切的聯(lián)系,溶洞或富水地質(zhì)體與正常圍巖存在著較大的電阻率差異,高密度電法可以較直觀、準(zhǔn)確的反映地下電阻率的分布和變化規(guī)律,是探測(cè)巖溶的有效方法;電磁波在不同介質(zhì)中具有不同的傳播和衰減規(guī)律,探地雷達(dá)法通過向地下脈沖電磁波對(duì)地下介質(zhì)進(jìn)行探測(cè),其中巖溶洞穴中的空氣或水與圍巖介質(zhì)存在較大波阻抗差異,這也使得探地雷達(dá)法能有效的探測(cè)巖溶洞穴。巖溶構(gòu)造形成的空洞、破碎結(jié)構(gòu),使其與周圍介質(zhì)產(chǎn)生較大的彈性差異,通過研究彈性波的特征,地震映像法可以有效的發(fā)現(xiàn)地下溶洞。由于巖溶一般為充填松散黏性土溶洞、充水的溶洞及無填充的溶洞,在這些溶洞處的面波相較于圍巖的面波,其波速較低,一般為低速體,所以可以通過面波來進(jìn)行巖溶的有效探測(cè)。對(duì)不同填充型的溶洞進(jìn)行了高密度電法、探地雷達(dá)法及地震映像法的數(shù)值模擬,并對(duì)其表現(xiàn)特征進(jìn)行了分析和總結(jié)。通過將物探方法和工程地質(zhì)情況的結(jié)合、方法優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)結(jié)合及長短結(jié)合、物性參數(shù)的綜合這三方面來考慮,選取最合適的綜合及組合方法來滿足探測(cè)要求,通過綜合或組合物探的聯(lián)合解釋來提高探測(cè)精度,減少單一物探存在的多解性。通過上述研究,提出了針對(duì)工區(qū)巖溶探測(cè)的地球物理方法及最佳工作參數(shù)選擇;對(duì)鐵路基底巖溶進(jìn)行了地球物理方法探測(cè),進(jìn)行了分析和解釋,解釋后對(duì)異常部位打鉆驗(yàn)證,總結(jié)出了在特定地質(zhì)條件下物探原始數(shù)據(jù)采集方法技術(shù)、工作參數(shù)選擇及數(shù)據(jù)處理的解釋方法。經(jīng)過綜合物探法的綜合解釋與打鉆驗(yàn)證情況,證明采用綜合物探方法進(jìn)行鐵路基底巖溶洞穴探測(cè)相對(duì)于單一方法具有更強(qiáng)的適應(yīng)性和準(zhǔn)確性,克服了單一物探方法存在的多解性,同時(shí)相比于其他勘察手段,物探方法具有勘探成本相對(duì)較低、勘探效率高和探測(cè)信息量豐富的特點(diǎn)。
[Abstract]:With the acceleration of railway construction in China, it is inevitable that more and more railway lines will be built through complex karst geological conditions in the process of construction. In order to ensure the safety of railway in karst area, the railway along the line is surveyed to find out the location of karst development. In this paper, combined with the geological conditions of the working area, geophysical characteristics and restricted conditions are excluded from other karst geophysical prospecting methods, and the high density electrical method, ground penetrating radar method and seismic mapping method are selected. The transient Rayleigh surface wave method is studied and applied. There is a close relationship between karst and groundwater, there is a great difference in resistivity between karst cave or water-rich geological body and normal surrounding rock, and high density electrical method can be more intuitionistic. Accurately reflecting the distribution and variation of underground resistivity is an effective method to detect karst, electromagnetic wave has different propagation and attenuation law in different media, ground penetrating radar method detects underground medium by means of underground pulsed electromagnetic wave. The difference of wave impedance between air or water in karst cave and surrounding rock makes the ground penetrating radar method can effectively detect the cavity and broken structure formed by karst structure. By studying the characteristics of elastic waves, the seismic mapping method can effectively find underground caverns. Because karst is usually filled with loose clay caverns, water-filled caverns and unfilled caverns can be found. Compared with the surface waves of surrounding rock, the surface waves in these caverns are relatively low in velocity and generally low in velocity, so they can be effectively detected by surface waves. The high density electric method for different filled caverns is carried out. The numerical simulation of ground penetrating radar method and seismic mapping method is carried out, and its characteristics are analyzed and summarized. By combining the geophysical prospecting method with the engineering geological conditions, the advantages and disadvantages of the method are combined with the length and length of the method. Considering the three aspects of the synthesis of physical parameters, selecting the most suitable synthesis and combination method to meet the detection requirements, and improving the detection accuracy through the combined interpretation of synthetic or combined geophysical exploration. Through the above research, the geophysical method for karst exploration in the working area and the selection of the best working parameters are put forward, and the geophysical method for detecting the karst in the railway basement is analyzed and explained. After interpretation, the paper summarizes the original geophysical data acquisition technology, the selection of working parameters and the interpretation method of data processing under specific geological conditions. After comprehensive interpretation and drilling verification of comprehensive geophysical exploration method, It is proved that the comprehensive geophysical exploration method is more adaptable and accurate than the single method in detecting the railway basement karst cave, which overcomes the existence of multiple solutions of the single geophysical prospecting method, and at the same time, it is compared with other prospecting methods. Geophysical exploration method is characterized by relatively low exploration cost, high exploration efficiency and abundant exploration information.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：成都理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：U212.22;P631

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 于清水;徐聰;齊迪;婁俊慶;袁立江;齊建國;邵峰;;高密度電法與探地雷達(dá)在地下溶洞探測(cè)中的聯(lián)合應(yīng)用:以廣西柳州地區(qū)為例[J];世界地質(zhì);2017年03期

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 張繼龍;地震映像法在滬昆高鐵貴州段隧底巖溶探測(cè)的應(yīng)用研究[D];西南交通大學(xué);2017年

，

本文編號(hào)：1581742