本文關(guān)鍵詞： 重力異常 地形校正 高程數(shù)據(jù)網(wǎng)格間距 地形起伏　出處：《長安大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：重力資料的研究與應(yīng)用,在地球構(gòu)造研究、國土資源調(diào)查、礦產(chǎn)勘探以及國民經(jīng)濟(jì)其他領(lǐng)域發(fā)展中都發(fā)揮著重大作用。利用重力儀在野外測量的結(jié)果經(jīng)過零點漂移改正后,再將各測點相對于基點的讀數(shù)差換算成重力差,得到的重力差需剔除外部因素的影響即重力校正,經(jīng)過校正后能更加精確的反映由地質(zhì)構(gòu)造或礦產(chǎn)資源等密度異常體引起的重力異常。隨著重力儀器測量精度的提高及高分辨率地形數(shù)據(jù)的應(yīng)用,地形校正精度的高低已經(jīng)成為重力勘探精度的至關(guān)重要的影響因素[1]。地形校正按校正范圍劃分為近區(qū)、中區(qū)和遠(yuǎn)區(qū)地形校正,由于近區(qū)和中區(qū)距離測點較近,對測點地形校正值的影響大,所以提高近、中區(qū)地形校正的精度是提高地形校正精度和重力勘探精度的關(guān)鍵因素。本文基于前人的研究基礎(chǔ),從理論和模型兩方面進(jìn)一步總結(jié)、完善重力異常外部校正(高度校正、緯度校正、中間層校正和地形校正)的計算方法技術(shù);同時,為了更深入的了解高程數(shù)據(jù)網(wǎng)格間距及高程數(shù)據(jù)起伏對用直立方柱體模型計算的近、中區(qū)地形校正值精度的影響,選用地形起伏分別為20m、50m和100m的3個測試區(qū),采用不同的高程數(shù)據(jù)網(wǎng)格間距計算近、中區(qū)地形校正值,將距測點由近及遠(yuǎn)劃分為不同的校正區(qū)間,研究各區(qū)間內(nèi)受不同的網(wǎng)格間距、地形起伏對地形校正值的影響及各區(qū)間的校正誤差的計算和對比分析。通過研究分析,0~400m區(qū)間地形改正值占近、中區(qū)地形改正值的90%以上。但隨地形起伏程度的不一樣該區(qū)地形校正值所占全區(qū)地形校正值比例有差異,高程起伏越大,所占比例越大,反之越小。同時誤差與高程數(shù)據(jù)網(wǎng)格間距的大小成正比,網(wǎng)格間距越大,誤差越大,但隨地形起伏程度的不同誤差增大的程度不同,地形起伏較小時,誤差隨網(wǎng)格間距的增大較平緩,反之較明顯。
[Abstract]:The research and application of gravity data, in the study of the earth structure, land resources survey, development of mineral exploration and other fields in the national economy plays an important role. The use of gravimeter after zero drift correction in the field measurement results, then the measuring point relative to the basis of reading difference converted into gravity difference, to eliminate the external influence the factors that the difference of gravity gravity correction, after calibration can more accurately reflect the geological structure and mineral resources caused by the density anomalies of gravity anomaly. With the application of the instrument to improve the measurement precision of the gravity and high resolution terrain data, terrain correction precision has become a crucial factor in the [1]. precision gravity exploration according to the terrain correction correction range is divided into near zone, central and far zone terrain correction, due to the distance near and central point is near to the measuring point shape correction The value of the impact, so as to improve the accuracy of terrain correction, is a key factor to improve the precision and accuracy of terrain correction of gravity exploration. This paper based on previous studies, from two aspects of theory and model further summary, improve the gravity anomaly correction (external height correction, latitude correction, middle layer correction and terrain correction) technology calculation method; at the same time, in order to understand the elevation data grid spacing and elevation data fluctuation to further tilt cylinder model, terrain correction precision, the terrain respectively 20m, 50m and 100m 3 test area, the elevation data of different computing grid spacing near, terrain correction value, the distance measuring points are divided into different calibration interval from the near to the distant, on each interval by different grid spacing, topography on the terrain correction effect and the interval of the school The calculation and contrast analysis of positive errors. Through research and analysis, the interval of 0~400m terrain correction value accounted for nearly 90%, terrain correction value. But the degree is not the same with the terrain topography of the area occupied by the correction value of the terrain correction ratio difference, elevation is greater, the greater the proportion, and vice versa at the same time. Small error and elevation data grid spacing is proportional to the size of the grid, the greater the spacing, the greater the error, but the error with the different terrain increased to different extent, the terrain is small, the error with the grid spacing increases slowly, and more obvious.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：長安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P631.1

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本文編號：1509272