本文關鍵詞： 崇明島東部 大堤 淤漲速率 長江水沙 圍墾　出處：《長江流域資源與環(huán)境》2017年05期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：崇明島作為我國最大的河口沖積島,其形成發(fā)育與長江來水來沙息息相關。歷史上就有崇明島圍墾筑堤的記載,近60年來崇明島東部地區(qū)所筑大堤主要有54大堤、64大堤、68大堤、92大堤和98大堤。選取正東、東北、東南不同方向的4個斷面,以大堤位置代表所筑年份海岸線位置,對崇明島東部淤漲速率及灘地淤漲面積變化進行計算,結果表明:(1)近60年來崇明島東部整體淤漲速率約為200 m/a,淤漲面積年均增長率為2.80 km~2/a;(2)不同斷面上淤漲速率存在差別,其中正東方向斷面上淤漲最快;(3)不同時段崇明島東部各斷面淤漲速率存在快慢變化。各斷面上,20世紀90年代的淤漲速率均最大。對比發(fā)現(xiàn),20世紀50~80年代崇明島東部淤漲速率的變化趨勢,與同期長江年入海泥沙量的變化趨勢基本一致;但20世紀90年代,由于圍墾強度加大,兩者變化趨勢不一致。以海堤研究岸線變遷的工作尚不多見,此方法將為研究長時間尺度的岸線變遷提供借鑒。
[Abstract]:As the largest estuarine alluvial island in China, the formation and development of Chongming Island is closely related to the coming water and sand from the Yangtze River. In the last 60 years, the main embankments built in the eastern part of Chongming Island include 54 levees, 64 levees, 68 levees, 92 levees, and 98 levees. Four sections in different directions, Zhengdong, northeast and southeast, are selected to represent the shoreline position of the year built. In the last 60 years, the siltation rate of the eastern part of Chongming Island is about 200 m / a, and the average annual growth rate of the area is 2.80 km2 / a ~ (2 / a)) there are differences in the rate of siltation on different sections, the results show that: (1) in the last 60 years, the siltation rate of the eastern part of Chongming Island is about 200 m / a. The velocity of siltation in the east of Chongming Island varies rapidly and slowly in different periods. The rate of siltation on each cross section is the largest in 90s of the 20th century. The comparison shows that the east of Chongming Island in the 1950s and 1980s has the highest rate of siltation. The changing trend of the rate of partial siltation, In 1990s, however, because of the increase of reclamation intensity, the change trend of the sediment quantity in the Yangtze River is not consistent. The study of shoreline changes by seawall is still rare, but in 1990s, because of the increase of reclamation intensity, the trend of the two changes is not consistent. This method will provide a reference for the study of shoreline changes on a long time scale.
【作者單位】： 華東師范大學河口海岸學國家重點實驗室;
【基金】：國家自然科學基金項目(41471161)~~
【分類號】：P736.1
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本文編號：1503461