【摘要】：電子產(chǎn)業(yè)近年來(lái)已發(fā)展成為一個(gè)國(guó)家科技和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的重要標(biāo)志,在電子生產(chǎn)行業(yè)中,SMT占有十分重要的位置。一條完整的SMT產(chǎn)線由多種設(shè)備構(gòu)成,其中貼片機(jī)是SMT生產(chǎn)線中最關(guān)鍵也最復(fù)雜的設(shè)備。貼片機(jī)是高度集成的光機(jī)電一體化裝置,需滿足高速、高精度、高穩(wěn)定性、寬適應(yīng)性、易維護(hù)和高集成化等要求。本文在現(xiàn)有貼片機(jī)的基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)貼片機(jī)的運(yùn)動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)、運(yùn)動(dòng)控制算法和影響貼片機(jī)貼裝效率的問(wèn)題展開研究。首先,本文設(shè)計(jì)了“基于PC+MP控制器”的開放式運(yùn)動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)硬件平臺(tái),包括電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)模塊、貼片頭的安全保障模塊等。此硬件平臺(tái)具有可移植性、交互操作性、縮放性及可配置性,滿足未來(lái)貼片機(jī)向模塊化和多功能方面擴(kuò)展的趨勢(shì)要求。其次,本文主要從元器件的貼裝順序優(yōu)化方面來(lái)提高貼片機(jī)的貼裝效率。在分析貼片頭工作過(guò)程的基礎(chǔ)上建立貼裝模型,設(shè)計(jì)了融入近鄰搜索算法和進(jìn)化機(jī)制思想的改進(jìn)遺傳算法,并將其應(yīng)用于貼裝順序優(yōu)化的求解。以4貼片頭的貼片機(jī)為例,對(duì)比傳統(tǒng)遺傳算法、帶遷徙的差分進(jìn)化算法和改進(jìn)遺傳算法在迭代次數(shù)、優(yōu)化路徑上的區(qū)別,實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明改進(jìn)后的遺傳算法在貼裝順序優(yōu)化問(wèn)題上具有可行性。再其次,本文建立了控制系統(tǒng)數(shù)學(xué)模型,討論了貼片機(jī)對(duì)z軸和θ軸的控制要求。通過(guò)不同智能控制算法仿真效果的對(duì)比,分析了各控制算法在穩(wěn)定性、快速性和軟著陸實(shí)現(xiàn)方面的性能。針對(duì)傳統(tǒng)算法在實(shí)現(xiàn)軟著陸方面的不足,對(duì)Z軸采用了基于遺傳算法的P/PI參數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換控制算法；針對(duì)傳統(tǒng)算法在θ軸控制上的參數(shù)頻繁調(diào)整問(wèn)題,采用了基于正弦速度曲線的P/PI參數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換控制算法,并在Matlab仿真平臺(tái)下驗(yàn)證了算法的可行性和有效性。然后在P/PI參數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換控制算法的基礎(chǔ)上,以4貼片頭的貼片機(jī)為例,給出了多頭貼片機(jī)的z軸和θ軸運(yùn)動(dòng)控制流程圖。最后,本文利用Matcom將MFC與Matlab程序相結(jié)合,實(shí)現(xiàn)了運(yùn)動(dòng)控制的友好交互界面。在界面中可根據(jù)提示設(shè)置參數(shù),觀察算法對(duì)Z軸和θ軸的控制效果。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the electronic industry has become an important symbol of the development of science, technology and economy in a country. SMT occupies a very important position in the electronic production industry. A complete SMT production line is composed of a variety of equipment, among which placement machine is the most critical and complex equipment in SMT production line. Placement machine is a highly integrated optical mechatronics device, which needs to meet the requirements of high speed, high precision, high stability, wide adaptability, easy maintenance and high integration. On the basis of the existing placement machine, this paper studies the design of the motion control system, the motion control algorithm and the problems that affect the placement efficiency of the placement machine. Firstly, the hardware platform of open motion control system based on PC MP controller is designed, including motor drive module, safety guarantee module of patch head and so on. This hardware platform has portability, interaction, scaling and configuration, which can meet the requirements of modularization and multi-function expansion of placement machine in the future. Secondly, this paper mainly improves the mounting efficiency of the placement machine from the aspect of the optimization of the mounting sequence of the components. On the basis of analyzing the working process of patch head, the mounting model is established, and an improved genetic algorithm which integrates the idea of nearest neighbor search algorithm and evolutionary mechanism is designed and applied to the solution of mount sequence optimization. Taking the placement machine with 4 patch heads as an example, this paper compares the differences between the traditional genetic algorithm, the differential evolution algorithm with migration and the improved genetic algorithm in the number of iterations and the optimization path. The experimental results show that the improved genetic algorithm is feasible in the optimization of mounting sequence. Secondly, the mathematical model of the control system is established, and the control requirements of the z axis and the theta axis of the placement machine are discussed. Through the comparison of the simulation results of different intelligent control algorithms, the performance of each control algorithm in stability, rapidity and soft landing is analyzed. Aiming at the shortcomings of the traditional algorithm in realizing soft landing, the P/PI parameter conversion control algorithm based on genetic algorithm is used for Z axis. In order to solve the problem of frequent parameter adjustment of the traditional algorithm in the 胃 axis control, the P/PI parameter conversion control algorithm based on sinusoidal velocity curve is adopted, and the feasibility and effectiveness of the algorithm are verified on the Matlab simulation platform. Then, on the basis of P/PI parameter conversion control algorithm, taking the placement machine with 4 patch heads as an example, the flow charts of z axis and theta axis motion control of multi head placement machine are given. Finally, this paper uses Matcom to combine MFC with Matlab program to realize the friendly interactive interface of motion control. In the interface, the parameters can be set according to the prompt, and the control effect of the algorithm on Z axis and theta axis can be observed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TN405

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本文編號(hào)：2495246