三電平有源濾波器建模及控制策略
發(fā)布時間：2019-04-19 23:14
【摘要】：保證較高的供電質(zhì)量、提高電力生產(chǎn)與運行的效率、提高電力系統(tǒng)運行可靠性,是電力改革的目標。諧波污染嚴重是我國電能損耗高的重要原因之一,并且現(xiàn)代電網(wǎng)中存在大量敏感性負載,終端用戶對電能質(zhì)量要求越來越高。諧波抑制是提高電能質(zhì)量的有效措施,有源電力濾波器(Active Power Filter,APF)是其重要設(shè)備,因此對有源電力濾波器的研究具有實際意義。本文針對有源電力濾波器輸出諧波電流的特性及運行要求,首先確定系統(tǒng)總體設(shè)計方案,選定帶LC濾波器的二極管箝位型(Neutral Point Clamped,NPC)三電平拓撲結(jié)構(gòu),并簡要地分析其工作原理。重點研究有源電力濾波器控制器參數(shù)的精確設(shè)計問題,在傳統(tǒng)直流側(cè)電壓控制模型基礎(chǔ)上,建立其在dq旋轉(zhuǎn)坐標系下電壓控制小信號模型,進而提出一種基于小信號模型的PI參數(shù)整定方法。采用零極點配置將含有右半平面零點的小信號模型轉(zhuǎn)化為普通的二階滯后系統(tǒng),根據(jù)勞斯判據(jù)和兩步整定法詳細討論了PI參數(shù)的選取原則,重點分析不同PI參數(shù)對系統(tǒng)性能的影響。仿真和樣機實驗結(jié)果都表明,該方法的可行性。然后,在理論研究的基礎(chǔ)上設(shè)計了有源電力濾波器的硬件電路及軟件系統(tǒng)。硬件主要包括主電路電感與電容的參數(shù)計算、控制系統(tǒng)隔離電源及輔助電源設(shè)計、ADC采樣及信號調(diào)理電路、IGBT驅(qū)動接口電路、保護電路、接觸器控制電路;軟件部分主要包括各中斷服務(wù)子程序、諧波提取濾波程序、單同步坐標系軟件鎖相環(huán)程序、位置式數(shù)字PID程序等。最后,在上述基礎(chǔ)上搭建了6kVA(按照25%電流畸變率計算)三電平有源電力濾波器實驗樣機,按照設(shè)計方案對樣機進行調(diào)試,在調(diào)試過程中不斷對系統(tǒng)進行優(yōu)化升級,并使用示波器、電能質(zhì)量分析儀測得相關(guān)實驗波形。對測得的電網(wǎng)電壓波形、直流側(cè)電容電壓波形、電網(wǎng)電流及有源電力濾波器輸出電流波形等實驗結(jié)果分析,表明了有源電力濾波器采用的控制策略和總體設(shè)計的可行性,在保證系統(tǒng)補償性能的同時直流電壓具有較小的超調(diào),能夠有效降低電網(wǎng)電流畸變率,達到了設(shè)計的各項性能指標。
[Abstract]:It is the goal of electric power reform to ensure high power supply quality, to improve the efficiency of power production and operation, and to improve the reliability of power system operation. The serious harmonic pollution is one of the important reasons for the high power loss in our country, and there are a lot of sensitive loads in the modern power grid, and the end-users require more and more high power quality. Harmonic suppression is an effective measure to improve power quality, and active power filter (Active Power Filter,APF) is an important equipment, so the research on active power filter is of practical significance. According to the characteristics and operating requirements of active power filter (APF) output harmonic current, the overall design scheme of the system is determined firstly, and the diode clamped (Neutral Point Clamped,NPC (3-level topology) with LC filter is selected. And its working principle is briefly analyzed. The precise design of the controller parameters of active power filter (APF) is studied. Based on the traditional DC side voltage control model, the small signal model of voltage control in dq rotating coordinate system is established. Furthermore, a small-signal model-based PI parameter tuning method is proposed. The zero-pole assignment is used to transform the small signal model with right half-plane zeros into the ordinary second-order delay system. The selection principle of PI parameters is discussed in detail according to the Rous criterion and the two-step adjustment method. The effect of different PI parameters on the performance of the system is emphatically analyzed. The results of simulation and prototype experiments show that the method is feasible. Then, based on the theoretical research, the hardware circuit and software system of active power filter are designed. The hardware includes main circuit inductance and capacitance parameter calculation, control system isolation power supply and auxiliary power supply design, ADC sampling and signal conditioning circuit, IGBT drive interface circuit, protection circuit, contactor control circuit; The software includes interrupt service subroutine, harmonic extraction filter program, single synchronous coordinate system software phase locked loop program, position digital PID program and so on. Finally, an experimental prototype of three-level active power filter (6kVA) is built on the basis of the above mentioned, and the prototype is debugged according to the design scheme, and the system is continuously optimized and upgraded during the debugging process. And using oscilloscope, power quality analyzer to measure the relevant experimental waveforms. The experimental results such as grid voltage waveform, DC side capacitance voltage waveform, grid current and output current waveform of active power filter (APF) are analyzed, and the feasibility of the control strategy and overall design of APF is shown. While ensuring the compensation performance of the system, the DC voltage has a small overshoot, which can effectively reduce the current distortion rate of the power network and achieve the performance indexes of the design.
【學位授予單位】：湘潭大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TN713
本文編號：2461379
[Abstract]:It is the goal of electric power reform to ensure high power supply quality, to improve the efficiency of power production and operation, and to improve the reliability of power system operation. The serious harmonic pollution is one of the important reasons for the high power loss in our country, and there are a lot of sensitive loads in the modern power grid, and the end-users require more and more high power quality. Harmonic suppression is an effective measure to improve power quality, and active power filter (Active Power Filter,APF) is an important equipment, so the research on active power filter is of practical significance. According to the characteristics and operating requirements of active power filter (APF) output harmonic current, the overall design scheme of the system is determined firstly, and the diode clamped (Neutral Point Clamped,NPC (3-level topology) with LC filter is selected. And its working principle is briefly analyzed. The precise design of the controller parameters of active power filter (APF) is studied. Based on the traditional DC side voltage control model, the small signal model of voltage control in dq rotating coordinate system is established. Furthermore, a small-signal model-based PI parameter tuning method is proposed. The zero-pole assignment is used to transform the small signal model with right half-plane zeros into the ordinary second-order delay system. The selection principle of PI parameters is discussed in detail according to the Rous criterion and the two-step adjustment method. The effect of different PI parameters on the performance of the system is emphatically analyzed. The results of simulation and prototype experiments show that the method is feasible. Then, based on the theoretical research, the hardware circuit and software system of active power filter are designed. The hardware includes main circuit inductance and capacitance parameter calculation, control system isolation power supply and auxiliary power supply design, ADC sampling and signal conditioning circuit, IGBT drive interface circuit, protection circuit, contactor control circuit; The software includes interrupt service subroutine, harmonic extraction filter program, single synchronous coordinate system software phase locked loop program, position digital PID program and so on. Finally, an experimental prototype of three-level active power filter (6kVA) is built on the basis of the above mentioned, and the prototype is debugged according to the design scheme, and the system is continuously optimized and upgraded during the debugging process. And using oscilloscope, power quality analyzer to measure the relevant experimental waveforms. The experimental results such as grid voltage waveform, DC side capacitance voltage waveform, grid current and output current waveform of active power filter (APF) are analyzed, and the feasibility of the control strategy and overall design of APF is shown. While ensuring the compensation performance of the system, the DC voltage has a small overshoot, which can effectively reduce the current distortion rate of the power network and achieve the performance indexes of the design.
【學位授予單位】：湘潭大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TN713
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