【摘要】：隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)的飛速發(fā)展,人們需要處理的問題日趨復(fù)雜,所需要處理的數(shù)據(jù)量呈指數(shù)型增長,因此人們對計算機性能要求也飛速提高,計算機需要面對越來越多的數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)不清晰、邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)不明確的問題,而基于馮諾依曼體系的傳統(tǒng)計算機在處理這種類型的問題時表現(xiàn)的十分低效和無力。因此一種可以模擬人腦計算行為的計算機概念在被提出后便立即吸引了全球各界的廣泛關(guān)注。這種新型的類腦計算機可以通過反復(fù)的學(xué)習(xí)來快速掌握海量數(shù)據(jù)中的內(nèi)在規(guī)律,從而高效的解決傳統(tǒng)計算機不能很好解決的問題,故而被廣泛認(rèn)為是計算機未來的發(fā)展趨勢。神經(jīng)元是人腦的最基本單元,而連接神經(jīng)元的突觸結(jié)構(gòu)是人腦實現(xiàn)信號處理和記憶功能的關(guān)鍵。故而突觸晶體管作為類腦計算的基礎(chǔ)單元,將成為構(gòu)架類腦計算機的底層基礎(chǔ)。本文圍繞基于碳納米管網(wǎng)絡(luò)的薄膜晶體管進(jìn)行深入研究,成功制備出具有類似神經(jīng)元突觸功能的碳納米管晶體管。本工作有三個突出特點:一是采用無結(jié)型的薄膜晶體管,源漏電極和溝道之間沒有PN結(jié),減小了短溝道效應(yīng)、降低了閾值電壓,并且制作工藝簡單;二是使用電雙層?xùn)沤橘|(zhì),通過室溫條件下PECVD法制作摻磷的二氧化硅納米顆粒薄膜,這種結(jié)構(gòu)薄膜內(nèi)嵌有大量的離子具有電雙層效應(yīng);三是制備的基于碳納米管網(wǎng)絡(luò)的薄膜晶體管,可以模擬生物神經(jīng)元突觸的基本功能,如興奮性突觸后電流和記憶特性等�；谝陨线@些特點,這種碳納米管晶體管具有開態(tài)電流大、開關(guān)比高、器件噪聲小、制備簡單、記憶窗口大等優(yōu)勢。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of science and technology, the problems that people need to deal with are becoming more and more complicated, and the amount of data needed to be processed increases exponentially. The computer has to face more and more problems of unclear data structure and unclear logical structure, while the traditional computer based on von Neumann system is very inefficient and powerless in dealing with this kind of problems. Therefore, the concept of computer which can simulate human brain computing behavior has attracted wide attention from all over the world immediately after it was proposed. This new type of brain-like computer can quickly grasp the internal rules of massive data through repeated learning, thus solving problems which can not be solved very well by traditional computer, so it is widely considered as the future development trend of computer. Neuron is the most basic unit of human brain, and the synaptic structure of connecting neuron is the key of signal processing and memory function in human brain. Therefore, synaptic transistors, as the basic unit of brain-like computing, will become the underlying foundation of the framework brain-like computer. In this paper, the thin film transistors based on CNT network are studied, and the CNTs with neuronal synaptic function are successfully fabricated. There are three outstanding features in this work: first, there is no PN junction between the source and leakage electrode and the channel, which reduces the short channel effect and the threshold voltage, and the fabrication process is simple; The second is to fabricate the phosphorus-doped silicon dioxide nanocrystalline film by PECVD method at room temperature in the electrically double-layer gate dielectric. A large number of ions embedded in the structure film have the electric double-layer effect. Thirdly, the thin film transistors based on CNT network can simulate the basic functions of synapses of biological neurons, such as excitatory postsynaptic currents and memory properties. Based on these characteristics, the CNT has the advantages of high on-state current, high switching ratio, low device noise, simple fabrication and large memory window.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：清華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TN321.5

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