發(fā)布時間：2018-11-09 12:54

【摘要】：噪聲源可以用于原始信號的干擾、通訊系統(tǒng)的加壓損傷測試、參考電平比較、通信和雷達系統(tǒng)的故障隔離測試、接收機相位跟蹤和帶寬測試、校調(diào)高速A/D轉(zhuǎn)換器的數(shù)字轉(zhuǎn)化誤差的隨機化等地方;同時,噪聲源覆蓋頻率范圍廣,用在測試系統(tǒng)中能夠提高測試效率,對其進行研究具有重要的意義。因此,本文選擇對K波段寬帶噪聲源進行研究。本課題研究的K波段寬帶噪聲源頻率范圍為22~32GHz,采用噪聲二極管作為噪聲源的核心器件。相對于國內(nèi)傳統(tǒng)噪聲源主要集中在低頻率、窄頻帶噪聲輸出,本論文將實現(xiàn)在22GHz以上較高頻率輸出噪聲信號,并且實現(xiàn)帶寬高達10GHz和相對帶寬達到37%的寬頻帶噪聲信號輸出。首先,將完成噪聲二極管等效參數(shù)提取;其次,對噪聲二極管進行阻抗匹配,實現(xiàn)噪聲信號高平坦度、高超噪比輸出;最后,完成噪聲源超噪比測量和不確定度分析。整個課題設(shè)計分為低噪聲放大電路設(shè)計、噪聲源電路設(shè)計與噪聲二極管參數(shù)提取、噪聲二極管阻抗匹配與超噪比測量三個部分。低噪聲放大電路部分由提供+3.5V和-0.5V電壓的供電電路和射頻電路兩部分組成;噪聲源電路由恒定輸出15-25mA電流的恒流源、提供直流偏置的低通濾波器、噪聲二極管和輸出隔直電路組成。噪聲源電路加工和裝配好以后,首先使用矢量網(wǎng)絡(luò)分析儀測量噪聲源電路的11S參數(shù),然后在HFSS中建立相應(yīng)的噪聲源3D等效模型,并在HFSS中用RLC邊界來等效噪聲二極管,通過調(diào)整模型中RLC邊界中的值,使噪聲源仿真模型的11S參數(shù)與矢量網(wǎng)絡(luò)分析儀測得的11S參數(shù)基本一致,從而提取到噪聲二極管高頻等效參數(shù)。噪聲二極管阻抗匹配需要先將噪聲源HFSS仿真模型拆分為三個部分,并將三個部分的S2P文件導(dǎo)入ADS中進行簡單阻抗匹配,然后將匹配結(jié)果導(dǎo)入HFSS中進行精確仿真,再將仿真結(jié)果導(dǎo)入AutoCAD中進行電路設(shè)計。加工并完成裝配,最后用頻譜分析儀測量噪聲源經(jīng)過低噪聲放大器放大后的噪聲功率譜密度,通過公式PSD(dBm/Hz)(28)-174dBm/Hz(10)ENR計算可得噪聲源的ENR,最終輸出噪聲信號的超噪比大于20dB,其平坦度在±2dB以內(nèi)。
[Abstract]:The noise source can be used for the interference of the original signal, the compression damage test of the communication system, the reference level comparison, the fault isolation test of the communication and radar system, the receiver phase tracking and the bandwidth testing. The randomization of digital conversion error of high speed A / D converter; At the same time, the noise source covers a wide range of frequencies, which can improve the test efficiency in the test system, so it is of great significance to study the noise source. Therefore, this paper chooses to study K band broadband noise sources. The frequency range of K band broadband noise source is 2232 GHz. Noise diode is used as the core device of noise source. Compared with the domestic traditional noise sources, which are mainly concentrated in low frequency and narrow band noise output, this paper will realize the higher frequency output noise signal above 22GHz, and realize the broadband noise signal output with bandwidth up to 10GHz and relative bandwidth up to 37%. First, the equivalent parameters of the noise diode are extracted; secondly, the impedance matching of the noise diode is carried out to achieve the high flatness of the noise signal and the output of the superb noise ratio; finally, the measurement of the noise source super-noise ratio and the analysis of the uncertainty are completed. The whole design is divided into three parts: low noise amplifier circuit design, noise source circuit design and noise diode parameter extraction, noise diode impedance matching and measurement of excess noise ratio. The low noise amplifier circuit is composed of power supply circuit and RF circuit which provide 3.5V and -0.5V voltage. The noise source circuit consists of a constant current source with constant output 15-25mA current, a low-pass filter with DC bias, a noise diode and an output straightening circuit. After the noise source circuit is machined and assembled, the 11s parameters of the noise source circuit are first measured by the vector network analyzer, then the corresponding 3D equivalent model of the noise source is established in HFSS, and the noise diode is equivalent to the noise diode using the RLC boundary in the HFSS. By adjusting the value of the RLC boundary in the model, the 11s parameter of the noise source simulation model is basically consistent with the 11s parameter measured by the vector network analyzer, and the high-frequency equivalent parameters of the noise diode are extracted. The noise diode impedance matching needs to divide the noise source HFSS simulation model into three parts, and import the S2P file of the three parts into ADS for simple impedance matching, and then import the matching results into HFSS for accurate simulation. Then the simulation results are imported into AutoCAD for circuit design. Finally, the noise power spectrum density of noise source amplified by low noise amplifier is measured by spectrum analyzer. The ENR, of noise source is calculated by PSD (dBm/Hz) (28) -174dBm/Hz (10) ENR. The super-noise ratio of the final output noise signal is more than 20 dB, and the flatness of the output noise signal is within 鹵2dB.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TN722.3

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