【摘要】：霧霾天氣出現(xiàn)頻率的日趨增加,社會(huì)生活、生態(tài)環(huán)境、人體健康等各個(gè)方面造成很大的危害,而大氣中各種懸浮顆粒物含量的超標(biāo)是造成霧霾天氣的首要原因。光散射法相對(duì)于其他大氣顆粒物檢測(cè)方法具有測(cè)量速度快、測(cè)量精度高,可在線非接觸測(cè)量等優(yōu)點(diǎn),已經(jīng)成為大氣顆粒物檢測(cè)的主要方法。詳細(xì)介紹了光散射法的理論基礎(chǔ),對(duì)米氏散射理論及基于米氏散射原理的測(cè)量顆粒物濃度的原理進(jìn)行了深入分析,在理論上論證了基于米氏散射原理的激光霧霾檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)的研制方案的可行性。在米氏散射理論的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合光學(xué)系統(tǒng)和電子學(xué)系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)完成了集成化激光霧霾檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)的整體設(shè)計(jì),包括五點(diǎn)協(xié)同激光模組的設(shè)計(jì)、環(huán)形光電探測(cè)器陣列的設(shè)計(jì)、數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)電路的設(shè)計(jì)以及基于nRF51822上層低功耗藍(lán)牙模塊的數(shù)據(jù)傳輸?shù)脑O(shè)計(jì)。利用nRF51822的優(yōu)越的低功耗藍(lán)牙特性,實(shí)現(xiàn)了單臺(tái)儀器的無(wú)線傳輸設(shè)計(jì)。分析了現(xiàn)有的各種粒度分布反演算法,在現(xiàn)有典型算法的基礎(chǔ)上提出一種全新的更適合于本文霧霾檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)的獨(dú)立模式反演算法“五點(diǎn)互相關(guān)交疊算法”,進(jìn)一步提高計(jì)算的精度及穩(wěn)定性。通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了整體測(cè)試,在測(cè)試數(shù)據(jù)的基礎(chǔ)上分析了系統(tǒng)的檢測(cè)性能,并對(duì)檢測(cè)誤差進(jìn)行了分析,提出了改進(jìn)的方法。
[Abstract]:The increasing frequency of haze weather, social life, ecological environment, human health and other aspects caused great harm, and the content of various suspended particulates in the atmosphere is the primary cause of haze weather. Compared with other atmospheric particle detection methods, the light scattering method has the advantages of high measurement speed, high accuracy and on-line non-contact measurement. It has become the main method of atmospheric particle detection. The theoretical basis of light scattering method is introduced in detail, and the theory of Michlet scattering and the principle of measuring the concentration of particulate matter based on the theory of Mihertz scattering are analyzed in depth. The feasibility of developing a laser haze detection system based on Michelson scattering principle is demonstrated theoretically. On the basis of Michelson scattering theory, the whole design of integrated laser haze detection system is completed by combining the design of optical system and electronic system, including the design of five-point cooperative laser module and the design of ring photodetector array. The design of the circuit of data acquisition system and the design of data transmission based on nRF51822 upper layer low power Bluetooth module. The wireless transmission design of a single instrument is realized by using the superior low power Bluetooth characteristic of nRF51822. Based on the analysis of various existing algorithms of grain-size distribution inversion, a new independent pattern inversion algorithm, "five-point cross-correlation overlapping algorithm", which is more suitable for haze detection system in this paper, is proposed. Further improve the accuracy and stability of the calculation. The whole system is tested by experiments, and the performance of the system is analyzed on the basis of the test data, and the detection error is analyzed, and the improved method is put forward.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)科學(xué)院研究生院(長(zhǎng)春光學(xué)精密機(jī)械與物理研究所)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TP274;TN249

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