W波段矢量調(diào)制器研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-10-22 11:13
【摘要】：FMCW體制雷達(dá)相對于傳統(tǒng)脈沖體制的雷達(dá)具有體積小、功效比高、精確的遠(yuǎn)距離分辨率以及抗干擾能力強(qiáng)等優(yōu)點,然而其固有的信號泄漏問題制約了其廣泛應(yīng)用。射頻對消技術(shù)是公認(rèn)最為有效的幾種解決方案之一,它能抑制大部分發(fā)射機(jī)的泄露信號以防止接收機(jī)飽和,從而避免影響到接收機(jī)的性能。矢量調(diào)制器作為該技術(shù)的核心部件,得到了廣泛的研究和應(yīng)用。對其的研究從最初的近射頻波段到現(xiàn)在的太赫茲波段,采用的工藝也由混合集成到如今的單片集成以及3D集成。然而相比于國外20多年的歷史和發(fā)展經(jīng)驗,國內(nèi)對這方面的研究不多,而且都集中在較為低頻的波段。本論文主要目標(biāo)是設(shè)計一款在94GHz中心頻率,且500MHz帶寬附近的平衡型I-Q矢量調(diào)制器,最終使其輸出信號能夠在0~360°范圍內(nèi)相位可調(diào),并且幅度衰減范圍在10dB至無窮大。本文首先介紹了國內(nèi)外的研究發(fā)展和現(xiàn)況,并詳細(xì)分析了各類類型的矢量調(diào)制器的工作原理以及本文選用平衡結(jié)構(gòu)I-Q矢量調(diào)制器的原因。通過對不同結(jié)構(gòu)的耦合器以及合路器的優(yōu)缺點進(jìn)行分析,根據(jù)應(yīng)用需要,分別選擇了Lange耦合器和Wilkinson功分器。之后我們利用HFSS軟件對它們的結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了建模仿真,并且因為MMIC工藝的特性,生成Wilkinson功分器的隔離電阻時,可以采用薄膜電阻。隨后我們將HFSS模型的仿真后的S參數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)導(dǎo)入ADS軟件中進(jìn)行電路仿真,首先驗證了簡單結(jié)構(gòu)和平衡結(jié)構(gòu)的優(yōu)缺點,證實了平衡結(jié)構(gòu)的矢量調(diào)制器可以有效的抑制PHEMT晶體管中由于高頻引起的寄生參量。然后決定采用平衡結(jié)構(gòu)的I-Q矢量調(diào)制器并接著對整個電路進(jìn)行仿真,仿真結(jié)果實現(xiàn)了輸出信號在0~360°內(nèi)的幅度和相位可調(diào),由此證明了方案的可行性。由于單片集成電路芯片加工條件要求很高,并且加工周期較長,因而采取了第二種方案作為備選。第二種方案采用混合集成的結(jié)構(gòu),同樣用HFSS軟件設(shè)計了波導(dǎo)分支線耦合器以及波導(dǎo)環(huán)形電橋,然后為雙相幅度調(diào)制器芯片設(shè)計了版圖并做成了單獨的模塊。最后各模塊之間通過法蘭盤接口采用波導(dǎo)進(jìn)行連接并且測試。這種方案技術(shù)成熟,加工難度不高,具有很強(qiáng)的可實現(xiàn)性。
[Abstract]:Compared with the traditional pulse radar, FMCW radar has the advantages of small volume, high efficiency ratio, accurate long range resolution and strong anti-jamming ability. However, its inherent signal leakage problem restricts its wide application. Radio frequency cancellation is one of the most effective solutions. It can suppress the leakage signals of most transmitters to prevent the receiver from saturation and thus avoid affecting the performance of the receiver. As the core component of this technology, vector modulator has been widely studied and applied. From the initial near-RF band to the current terahertz band, the technology used in the study has also changed from hybrid integration to monolithic integration and 3D integration. However, compared with more than 20 years of history and development experience of foreign countries, there is not much research on this aspect in our country, and all of them are concentrated in the lower frequency band. The main goal of this thesis is to design a balanced I-Q vector modulator near the 500MHz bandwidth and the central frequency of the 94GHz. Finally, the output signal can be adjusted in the range of 0 ~ 360 擄, and the amplitude attenuation range is from 10dB to infinity. This paper first introduces the research development and current situation at home and abroad, and analyzes in detail the working principle of various types of vector modulators and the reasons why the balanced I-Q vector modulators are chosen in this paper. By analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of coupler and combiner with different structures, Lange coupler and Wilkinson splitter are selected according to the need of application. Then we use HFSS software to model and simulate their structures, and because of the characteristics of MMIC process, we can use thin film resistor to generate the isolation resistor of Wilkinson power divider. Then we import the S parameter data of HFSS model into ADS software for circuit simulation. Firstly, we verify the advantages and disadvantages of simple structure and balanced structure. It is proved that the balanced vector modulator can effectively suppress the parasitic parameters caused by high frequency in PHEMT transistors. Then the I-Q vector modulator with balanced structure is adopted and the whole circuit is simulated. The simulation results show that the amplitude and phase of the output signal can be adjusted in the range of 0 ~ 360 擄, which proves the feasibility of the scheme. Because the machining conditions of monolithic IC chips are very high and the processing cycle is long, the second scheme is adopted as an alternative. The second scheme adopts a hybrid integrated structure. The waveguide branching coupler and the waveguide ring bridge are also designed by HFSS software. Then the layout of the dual-phase amplitude modulator chip is designed and made into a separate module. Finally, each module is connected and tested by using waveguide through flange interface. This scheme has mature technology, low processing difficulty and strong realizability.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TN761
本文編號：2286995
[Abstract]:Compared with the traditional pulse radar, FMCW radar has the advantages of small volume, high efficiency ratio, accurate long range resolution and strong anti-jamming ability. However, its inherent signal leakage problem restricts its wide application. Radio frequency cancellation is one of the most effective solutions. It can suppress the leakage signals of most transmitters to prevent the receiver from saturation and thus avoid affecting the performance of the receiver. As the core component of this technology, vector modulator has been widely studied and applied. From the initial near-RF band to the current terahertz band, the technology used in the study has also changed from hybrid integration to monolithic integration and 3D integration. However, compared with more than 20 years of history and development experience of foreign countries, there is not much research on this aspect in our country, and all of them are concentrated in the lower frequency band. The main goal of this thesis is to design a balanced I-Q vector modulator near the 500MHz bandwidth and the central frequency of the 94GHz. Finally, the output signal can be adjusted in the range of 0 ~ 360 擄, and the amplitude attenuation range is from 10dB to infinity. This paper first introduces the research development and current situation at home and abroad, and analyzes in detail the working principle of various types of vector modulators and the reasons why the balanced I-Q vector modulators are chosen in this paper. By analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of coupler and combiner with different structures, Lange coupler and Wilkinson splitter are selected according to the need of application. Then we use HFSS software to model and simulate their structures, and because of the characteristics of MMIC process, we can use thin film resistor to generate the isolation resistor of Wilkinson power divider. Then we import the S parameter data of HFSS model into ADS software for circuit simulation. Firstly, we verify the advantages and disadvantages of simple structure and balanced structure. It is proved that the balanced vector modulator can effectively suppress the parasitic parameters caused by high frequency in PHEMT transistors. Then the I-Q vector modulator with balanced structure is adopted and the whole circuit is simulated. The simulation results show that the amplitude and phase of the output signal can be adjusted in the range of 0 ~ 360 擄, which proves the feasibility of the scheme. Because the machining conditions of monolithic IC chips are very high and the processing cycle is long, the second scheme is adopted as an alternative. The second scheme adopts a hybrid integrated structure. The waveguide branching coupler and the waveguide ring bridge are also designed by HFSS software. Then the layout of the dual-phase amplitude modulator chip is designed and made into a separate module. Finally, each module is connected and tested by using waveguide through flange interface. This scheme has mature technology, low processing difficulty and strong realizability.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TN761
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