發(fā)布時間：2018-09-11 09:03

【摘要】：隨著第三代(3G)移動通信技術(shù)的普及應(yīng)用和第四代(4G)移動通信趨于成熟的發(fā)展,現(xiàn)代移動通信系統(tǒng)呈現(xiàn)出多種通信制式并存、多個通信頻段并列的局面。多模式、多頻段系統(tǒng)操作不可避免地成為了未來無線移動通信系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展趨勢。各種通信制式均朝著高信號峰均比(Peak-to-Average Power Ratios,以下簡稱PAPR)、多載波、大信號容量的方向發(fā)展。在現(xiàn)如今倡導綠色、節(jié)能、環(huán)保的時代背景下,如何把不同工作模式的調(diào)制系統(tǒng)在同一工作平臺上并存實現(xiàn)越來越引起人們的關(guān)注,這些都對無線通信系統(tǒng)中發(fā)揮著重要作用的寬帶功率放大器提出了更高的要求。作為無線通信系統(tǒng)發(fā)射機末端的核心模塊,功率放大器的性能直接影響了整個通信系統(tǒng)的信號傳輸質(zhì)量。因此,在保持高信號峰均比和高效率工作的同時,進一步擴大功率放大器的工作帶寬具有非常重要的現(xiàn)實意義。本文的主要工作集中在寬帶高效率功率放大器的研究和設(shè)計上。論文首先介紹了功率放大器的基礎(chǔ)理論知識,包括功率放大器的分類、性能參數(shù)指標,以及功放設(shè)計中核心的負載線理論及負載牽引技術(shù);接著介紹了幾種常用的寬帶功放實現(xiàn)技術(shù)和效率提升技術(shù),著重對功率放大器飽和輸出及功率回退兩種不同情況下的效率提升技術(shù)進行對比研究,為后文寬帶高效率功放的實現(xiàn)提供理論依據(jù);然后對Doherty功率放大器的基本原理以及其核心的有源負載牽引理論進行了研究,對Doherty功放不同工作狀態(tài)下負載阻抗的動態(tài)變化過程和效率特性進行分析,并簡單介紹了幾種新型的Doherty功放結(jié)構(gòu)。基于前述功放基礎(chǔ)理論以及一些拓展帶寬、提升效率的技術(shù)方法,本文采用一種簡單實用的寬帶直流偏置結(jié)構(gòu),并利用源/負載牽引仿真確定電路在整個工作頻段內(nèi)的最優(yōu)阻抗趨勢并繪制出阻抗趨勢圖,然后選取簡單的匹配結(jié)構(gòu),利用Smith圓圖軌跡法設(shè)計出匹配網(wǎng)絡(luò),實現(xiàn)了寬帶高效率功率放大器的設(shè)計,方法簡便,電路結(jié)構(gòu)簡單。接著以寬帶高效率單級功放為基礎(chǔ),選取合適的Doherty功放結(jié)構(gòu),并提出一種新型的低輸出阻抗匹配方法,結(jié)合寬帶匹配網(wǎng)絡(luò)和寬帶阻抗變換網(wǎng)絡(luò)實現(xiàn)了寬帶反向Doherty功放的設(shè)計,方法簡單。按照上述設(shè)計方法,首先針對低功率級寬帶高效率功率放大器的應(yīng)用完成設(shè)計。第一步仿真并實現(xiàn)了10W寬帶高效率功率放大器,測試結(jié)果顯示,在工作頻段1.8-2.7GHz內(nèi),電路的飽和輸出功率在42-42.5dBm之間,飽和狀態(tài)下功率附加效率在56%-67.8%之間,輸出功率方面的性能優(yōu)勢明顯。第二步基于上述電路,設(shè)計并實現(xiàn)了工作在1.8-2.7GHz的20W寬帶反向Doherty功放,測試結(jié)果顯示,在連續(xù)波信號下飽和輸出功率達到43.2-45.1dBm,在功率回退6.7-8.6dB(Pout=36.5dBm)時,電路的漏極效率在41.5-45.3%之間。用WCDMA信號驅(qū)動該功率放大器,當Pout=36.5dBm時,電路的漏極效率在45.3-48.6%之間,在信號頻偏5MHz的情況下,ACPR(Adjacent Channel Power Ratio,相鄰信道功率比)的值均小于-27.4dBc,在2.1GHz處甚至達到了-40.3dBc。據(jù)作者所知,該電路的工作帶寬在現(xiàn)有的文章報道中是最寬的。其次,針對高功率級寬帶高效率功率放大器的應(yīng)用完成設(shè)計。第一步完成了100W寬帶高效率功放的仿真設(shè)計及實物測試,測試結(jié)果顯示,在工作頻段1.8-2.7GHz內(nèi),除了2.7GHz的輸出功率較差外(Psat=47.5dBm),其他頻段內(nèi)電路的飽和輸出功率在49.3-50.5dBm之間,整個頻段飽和輸出下的功率附加效率在55.3%-65.7%之間。第二步基于上述電路,設(shè)計并實現(xiàn)了工作在1.8-2.7GHz的200W寬帶反向Doherty功放,測試結(jié)果顯示,在整個工作頻段內(nèi),電路的P-3輸出功率在47.5-52.93dBm之間,各頻點功率回退至Pout=46dBm時,電路的漏極效率在34.2%-45.9%之間。本文對于寬帶高效率功率放大器以及寬帶Doherty功率放大器的設(shè)計方法作了較為全面的分析總結(jié),基于GaN HEMT功率管設(shè)計了工作在1.8-2.7GHz的10W寬帶高效率功率放大器、20W寬帶Doherty功率放大器和100W寬帶高效率功率放大器、200W寬帶Doherty功率放大器,為現(xiàn)代移動通信提供了現(xiàn)實的借鑒意義。
[Abstract]:With the popularization and application of the third generation (3G) mobile communication technology and the mature development of the fourth generation (4G) mobile communication, the modern mobile communication system presents the situation of coexistence of multiple communication modes and parallelism of multiple communication bands. Nowadays, under the background of advocating green, energy-saving and environmental protection, people pay more and more attention to how to realize the coexistence of modulation systems with different working modes on the same working platform. As the core module of the transmitter terminal of the wireless communication system, the performance of the power amplifier directly affects the signal transmission quality of the whole communication system. The main work of this paper focuses on the research and design of broadband and high efficiency power amplifiers. Firstly, the basic theoretical knowledge of power amplifiers is introduced, including the classification of power amplifiers, performance parameters, and the core of power amplifier design. Load line theory and load traction technology; then introduces several commonly used broadband power amplifier implementation technology and efficiency enhancement technology, focusing on the power amplifier saturated output and power back two different cases of efficiency enhancement technology comparative study, for the future realization of broadband high-efficiency power amplifier provides a theoretical basis; and then Doherty. The basic principle of power amplifier and its core active load traction theory are studied. The dynamic change process and efficiency characteristics of load impedance under different working conditions of Doherty power amplifier are analyzed. Several new structures of Doherty power amplifier are briefly introduced. In this paper, a simple and practical wide-band DC bias structure is adopted, and the optimal impedance trend of the circuit in the whole working frequency band is determined by the source/load traction simulation, and the impedance trend diagram is drawn. Then the simple matching structure is selected, and the matching network is designed by the Smith circle diagram trajectory method. The wide-band high performance is achieved. The design of efficiency power amplifier is simple and the circuit structure is simple. Then based on broadband high efficiency single-stage power amplifier, a suitable structure of Doherty power amplifier is selected, and a new method of low output impedance matching is proposed. The first step is to simulate and implement a 10W broadband high-efficiency power amplifier. The test results show that the saturated output power of the circuit is between 42-42.5dBm in the operating frequency range of 1.8-2.7GHz, and the additional power efficiency is between 42-42.5dBm in the saturated state. The second step is to design and implement a 20W broadband reverse Doherty power amplifier operating from 1.8 GHz to 2.7 GHz. The test results show that the saturated output power reaches 43.2-45.1 dBm under CW signal and the drain efficiency of the circuit is between 6.7 and 8.6 dB (Pout = 36.5 dBm) when the power falls back. 41.5-45.3%. Using WCDMA signal to drive the power amplifier, the drain efficiency of the circuit is between 45.3 and 48.6% when Pout = 36.5 dBm, and the value of ACPR (Adjacent Channel Power Ratio) is less than - 27.4 dBc when the signal frequency offset is 5 MHz, even up to - 40.3 dBc at 2.1 GHz. The bandwidth is the widest in the existing papers. Secondly, the design is completed for the application of high-power broadband high-efficiency power amplifier. In the first step, the 100W broadband high-efficiency power amplifier is designed and tested. The test results show that the output power of the amplifier is poor except for 2.7GHz (Psat = 47.5dBm) in the operating frequency range of 1.8-2.7GHz. The second step is to design and implement a 200 W broadband reverse Doherty power amplifier operating at 1.8-2.7 GHz. The test results show that the P-3 output power is between 49.3-50.5 dBm and 55.3-65.7% in the whole frequency band. Between 47.5 and 52.93 dBm, the drain efficiency of the circuit is between 34.2% and 45.9% when the power of each frequency point falls back to Pout=46 dBm. The design methods of broadband high-efficiency power amplifier and broadband Doherty power amplifier are analyzed and summarized in this paper. A 10W broadband high-efficiency power amplifier is designed based on GaN HEMT power transistor operating at 1.8-2.7 GHz. Power amplifier, 20W broadband Doherty power amplifier, 100W broadband high efficiency power amplifier and 200W broadband Doherty power amplifier provide practical reference for modern mobile communication.
【學位授予單位】：杭州電子科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TN722.75

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本文編號：2236239