基于IC卡數(shù)據(jù)的OD矩陣生成技術(shù)及其應(yīng)用研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-15 12:00
【摘要】：城市居民公交出行數(shù)據(jù)是城市公交規(guī)劃和運(yùn)營調(diào)度的基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)。如何獲取居民公交出行數(shù)據(jù)以便采取措施應(yīng)對不斷增長的公交需求是當(dāng)前城市公交建設(shè)亟待解決的問題。傳統(tǒng)人工采集公共交通數(shù)據(jù)的方式不僅耗費(fèi)大量的人力物力,采集到的數(shù)據(jù)也存在樣本量少、精度低等不足。隨著電子信息技術(shù)在城市公共交通系統(tǒng)中的應(yīng)用,公交IC卡隨之產(chǎn)生并得到廣泛應(yīng)用,為城市公共基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)的采集提供了新途徑。但是,大多數(shù)城市的公交IC卡票制是一票制,產(chǎn)生的公交IC卡數(shù)據(jù)不包含乘客的上下車站點(diǎn)信息,無法直接獲取居民出行數(shù)據(jù)。因此,如何基于公交IC卡數(shù)據(jù)生成城市居民公交出行OD矩陣(Origin-Destination Matrix)顯得極為重要。本文的主要工作內(nèi)容和創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)為:(1)挖掘城市居民公交出行特征。通過對公交IC卡數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析,挖掘了居民公交出行的時(shí)空特征,線路乘坐特征以及乘車行為特征。這些特征是基于IC卡數(shù)據(jù)生成居民出行OD矩陣的理論基礎(chǔ)。(2)創(chuàng)新性地提出了一種生成特征上車站點(diǎn)的方法。該方法利用乘客每天早高峰首次乘坐的多條公交線路有共同站點(diǎn)這一特征,產(chǎn)生乘客早高峰時(shí)段首次乘車時(shí)的特征上車站點(diǎn)及特征線路集。通過判斷IC卡刷卡記錄中乘客的乘坐線路是否存在于其特征線路集中,即可確定乘客的上車站點(diǎn)。(3)基于乘客的特征上車站點(diǎn)和公交IC卡數(shù)據(jù)生成居民公交出行OD矩陣。利用特征上車站點(diǎn)判斷部分乘客的上車站點(diǎn),判斷每趟公交車輛行駛方向,判斷所有乘客的上車站點(diǎn)以及判斷所有乘客的下車站點(diǎn)。然后,基于完整的IC卡數(shù)據(jù)生成居民公交出行OD矩陣。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,本文的研究成果可用于判斷IC卡數(shù)據(jù)中乘客的上下車站點(diǎn),不僅可以用于推導(dǎo)居民出行OD矩陣,還可作為其他公交數(shù)據(jù)挖掘的基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)。同時(shí),本文將實(shí)驗(yàn)生成的公交出行OD矩陣映射為車輛出行OD矩陣,應(yīng)用于微觀交通仿真系統(tǒng)的實(shí)例中,得到了更加真實(shí)的仿真結(jié)果。
[Abstract]:Urban public transport travel data is the basic data of urban public transport planning and operation scheduling. How to obtain the data of public transport travel and take measures to cope with the increasing demand for public transport is an urgent problem to be solved in the construction of urban public transport. The traditional way of collecting public transportation data by hand not only consumes a lot of manpower and material resources, but also has some shortcomings, such as small sample size and low precision. With the application of electronic information technology in urban public transportation system, bus IC card is produced and widely used, which provides a new way for the collection of urban public basic data. However, the bus IC card system in most cities is one ticket system, and the generated IC card data do not contain the information of passengers' boarding and disembarkation stations, so they can not directly obtain the residents' travel data. Therefore, how to generate urban residents'OD matrix (Origin-Destination Matrix) based on IC card data is very important. The main contents and innovations of this paper are as follows: (1) excavating the characteristics of urban residents' public transport trip. Through the statistical analysis of IC card data of public transportation, this paper excavates the spatial and temporal characteristics of residents' public transport travel, the characteristics of line ride and the characteristics of ride behavior. These features are the theoretical basis for the generation of OD matrix for resident travel based on IC card data. (2) an innovative method for generating feature boarding stations is proposed. This method takes advantage of the common station of multiple bus lines that passengers take in for the first time in the morning rush hour of each day, and generates the characteristic boarding station and characteristic line set during the first time of passenger's early rush hour. By judging whether the passenger's riding line in the IC card credit card record exists in its characteristic line concentration, the passenger's boarding station can be determined. (3) based on the passenger's characteristic bus stop and bus IC card data, the residents' bus travel OD matrix is generated. The characteristic bus station is used to judge the boarding station of some passengers, to judge the direction of each bus vehicle, to judge the boarding station of all passengers and to judge the stop of all passengers. Then, the OD matrix is generated based on the IC card data. The experimental results show that the research results in this paper can be used to judge the stations of passengers in IC card data, not only to deduce the OD matrix of residents, but also as the basic data of other bus data mining. At the same time, the OD matrix generated by the experiment is mapped to the vehicle travel OD matrix, which is applied to the microscopic traffic simulation system, and the simulation results are more real.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U491.1;TN409
本文編號：2184136
[Abstract]:Urban public transport travel data is the basic data of urban public transport planning and operation scheduling. How to obtain the data of public transport travel and take measures to cope with the increasing demand for public transport is an urgent problem to be solved in the construction of urban public transport. The traditional way of collecting public transportation data by hand not only consumes a lot of manpower and material resources, but also has some shortcomings, such as small sample size and low precision. With the application of electronic information technology in urban public transportation system, bus IC card is produced and widely used, which provides a new way for the collection of urban public basic data. However, the bus IC card system in most cities is one ticket system, and the generated IC card data do not contain the information of passengers' boarding and disembarkation stations, so they can not directly obtain the residents' travel data. Therefore, how to generate urban residents'OD matrix (Origin-Destination Matrix) based on IC card data is very important. The main contents and innovations of this paper are as follows: (1) excavating the characteristics of urban residents' public transport trip. Through the statistical analysis of IC card data of public transportation, this paper excavates the spatial and temporal characteristics of residents' public transport travel, the characteristics of line ride and the characteristics of ride behavior. These features are the theoretical basis for the generation of OD matrix for resident travel based on IC card data. (2) an innovative method for generating feature boarding stations is proposed. This method takes advantage of the common station of multiple bus lines that passengers take in for the first time in the morning rush hour of each day, and generates the characteristic boarding station and characteristic line set during the first time of passenger's early rush hour. By judging whether the passenger's riding line in the IC card credit card record exists in its characteristic line concentration, the passenger's boarding station can be determined. (3) based on the passenger's characteristic bus stop and bus IC card data, the residents' bus travel OD matrix is generated. The characteristic bus station is used to judge the boarding station of some passengers, to judge the direction of each bus vehicle, to judge the boarding station of all passengers and to judge the stop of all passengers. Then, the OD matrix is generated based on the IC card data. The experimental results show that the research results in this paper can be used to judge the stations of passengers in IC card data, not only to deduce the OD matrix of residents, but also as the basic data of other bus data mining. At the same time, the OD matrix generated by the experiment is mapped to the vehicle travel OD matrix, which is applied to the microscopic traffic simulation system, and the simulation results are more real.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U491.1;TN409
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條
1 周濤;翟長旭;高志剛;;基于公交IC卡數(shù)據(jù)的OD推算技術(shù)研究[J];城市交通;2007年03期
相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條
1 師富民;基于IC卡數(shù)據(jù)的公交OD矩陣構(gòu)造方法研究[D];吉林大學(xué);2004年
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