DLG輔助的機載LiDAR點云數(shù)據(jù)濾波研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-07-28 17:19
【摘要】：機載LiDAR系統(tǒng)可以快速、高效、高精度地獲取掃描對象的空間三維坐標信息，數(shù)據(jù)經(jīng)處理后可用于生產(chǎn)高精度的DEM、DOM、DSM等數(shù)字產(chǎn)品，因此，近年來得到了快速推廣和研究應(yīng)用。 利用機載LIDAR點云數(shù)據(jù)在生產(chǎn)DEM等數(shù)字產(chǎn)品前需首先對數(shù)據(jù)進行預(yù)處理，過濾或提取出非地面點激光點云數(shù)據(jù)，濾波效果的好壞將直接影響最終成果精度。通過對目前現(xiàn)有濾波算法需滿足的條件、濾波效率，以及濾波效果等進行分析表明，僅用點云數(shù)據(jù)濾波而不增加其他輔助濾波數(shù)據(jù)源，很難實現(xiàn)滿足精度要求的點云數(shù)據(jù)自動化濾波�；谝陨戏治黾敖Y(jié)合生產(chǎn)單位實際情況及需求，本文對機載LiDAR系統(tǒng)、使用DLG數(shù)據(jù)輔助LiDAR點云數(shù)據(jù)濾波進行了詳細的研究，論文的主要內(nèi)容為： 從濾波方法研究以及應(yīng)用現(xiàn)狀方面，分析了國內(nèi)外LiDAR激光點云數(shù)據(jù)濾波方法研究現(xiàn)狀以及濾波應(yīng)用情況，分析表明目前生產(chǎn)單位的濾波效率較低，對于使用輔助數(shù)據(jù)進行濾波處理以提高濾波效率有較大意義。 針對機載LiDAR系統(tǒng)，研究了系統(tǒng)組成、工作原理和LiDAR點云數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)及特點，介紹了機載LiDAR系統(tǒng)基本處理流程。 論文分析了DLG數(shù)據(jù)選擇依據(jù)、DLG輔助機載點云濾波方法，并對濾波的結(jié)果運用基于坡度和斜率的濾波算法進行再次濾波，介紹了濾波質(zhì)量評價方法，其中濾波方法主要思想是利用DLG中的構(gòu)建筑物面要素，提取落入面中的激光腳點數(shù)據(jù)，，根據(jù)其高程值選取最低點作為地面點高程值，并將此高程值統(tǒng)一賦予落入面中的激光腳點數(shù)據(jù)的高程，最大限度保留了點云數(shù)據(jù)信息，進而達到濾波效果。最后，選取某縣的機載LiDAR點云數(shù)據(jù)和DLG數(shù)據(jù)進行了試驗，并編制了濾波軟件，通過對濾波質(zhì)量的評價，表明對非地面激光腳點數(shù)據(jù)的濾波達到了期望的效果。 總之，作為一種能夠快速獲取地面激光腳點三維坐標的新型遙感測量技術(shù)手段，機載LiDAR系統(tǒng)具有高效的數(shù)據(jù)獲取效率與廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。
[Abstract]:The airborne LiDAR system can obtain 3D coordinate information of scanned objects quickly, efficiently and accurately. After processing, the data can be used to produce digital products such as high precision DSM. Therefore, it has been rapidly popularized and applied in recent years. Using airborne LIDAR point cloud data before producing digital products such as DEM, it is necessary to preprocess the data first, filter or extract the point cloud data of non-ground point laser, and the effect of filtering will directly affect the accuracy of the final results. Through the analysis of the condition, the efficiency and the effect of the existing filtering algorithms, it is shown that only point cloud data filtering is used and other auxiliary filtering data sources are not added. It is difficult to realize the automatic filtering of point cloud data to meet the precision requirement. Based on the above analysis and combined with the actual situation and requirements of the production units, this paper makes a detailed study on the airborne LiDAR system using DLG data to assist the LiDAR point cloud data filtering. The main contents of this paper are as follows: from the aspect of filtering method research and application, the research status and application of LiDAR laser point cloud data filtering method at home and abroad are analyzed. The analysis shows that the filtering efficiency of production units is low at present, which is of great significance to use auxiliary data for filtering and processing in order to improve the filtering efficiency. Aiming at airborne LiDAR system, the system composition, working principle, data structure and characteristics of LiDAR point cloud are studied, and the basic processing flow of airborne LiDAR system is introduced. This paper analyzes the DLG data selection method based on DLG-assisted airborne point cloud filtering, and uses the slope and slope filtering algorithm to re-filter the results, and introduces the filtering quality evaluation method. The main idea of the filtering method is to extract the laser foot-point data falling into the plane by using the building surface elements in DLG, and select the lowest point as the elevation value of the ground point according to the height value. The height of the laser foot-point data which falls into the plane is given to the height of the point cloud data to the maximum extent, and the filtering effect is achieved. Finally, the airborne LiDAR point cloud data and DLG data of a county are selected and the filtering software is developed. The evaluation of the filtering quality shows that the filtering of the non-ground laser foot-point data has achieved the desired effect. In a word, as a new kind of remote sensing measurement technology which can quickly obtain the 3D coordinate of laser foot-point on the ground, airborne LiDAR system has high efficiency of data acquisition and wide application prospect.
【學位授予單位】：太原理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TN249;TP79
本文編號：2151023
[Abstract]:The airborne LiDAR system can obtain 3D coordinate information of scanned objects quickly, efficiently and accurately. After processing, the data can be used to produce digital products such as high precision DSM. Therefore, it has been rapidly popularized and applied in recent years. Using airborne LIDAR point cloud data before producing digital products such as DEM, it is necessary to preprocess the data first, filter or extract the point cloud data of non-ground point laser, and the effect of filtering will directly affect the accuracy of the final results. Through the analysis of the condition, the efficiency and the effect of the existing filtering algorithms, it is shown that only point cloud data filtering is used and other auxiliary filtering data sources are not added. It is difficult to realize the automatic filtering of point cloud data to meet the precision requirement. Based on the above analysis and combined with the actual situation and requirements of the production units, this paper makes a detailed study on the airborne LiDAR system using DLG data to assist the LiDAR point cloud data filtering. The main contents of this paper are as follows: from the aspect of filtering method research and application, the research status and application of LiDAR laser point cloud data filtering method at home and abroad are analyzed. The analysis shows that the filtering efficiency of production units is low at present, which is of great significance to use auxiliary data for filtering and processing in order to improve the filtering efficiency. Aiming at airborne LiDAR system, the system composition, working principle, data structure and characteristics of LiDAR point cloud are studied, and the basic processing flow of airborne LiDAR system is introduced. This paper analyzes the DLG data selection method based on DLG-assisted airborne point cloud filtering, and uses the slope and slope filtering algorithm to re-filter the results, and introduces the filtering quality evaluation method. The main idea of the filtering method is to extract the laser foot-point data falling into the plane by using the building surface elements in DLG, and select the lowest point as the elevation value of the ground point according to the height value. The height of the laser foot-point data which falls into the plane is given to the height of the point cloud data to the maximum extent, and the filtering effect is achieved. Finally, the airborne LiDAR point cloud data and DLG data of a county are selected and the filtering software is developed. The evaluation of the filtering quality shows that the filtering of the non-ground laser foot-point data has achieved the desired effect. In a word, as a new kind of remote sensing measurement technology which can quickly obtain the 3D coordinate of laser foot-point on the ground, airborne LiDAR system has high efficiency of data acquisition and wide application prospect.
【學位授予單位】：太原理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TN249;TP79
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