激光偏振態(tài)調(diào)制的Bell-Bloom光泵磁力儀及其梯度儀的研究
[Abstract]:Magnetic fields are widespread in the space around us. The precision measurement of magnetic field has important applications in many fields, such as geological exploration, military navigation, medical diagnosis and industrial manufacture. Therefore, high-precision magnetic field measurement technology has become one of the most important research directions in academic circles at home and abroad. With the development of atomic physics and laser technology, the research of high precision atomic magnetometer has been developed rapidly in recent ten years. Optical pump magnetometer is an atomic magnetometer with high sensitivity and precision. In this work, we have developed a RB atom Bell-Bloom optical pump magnetometer (hereinafter referred to as BB optical pump magnetometer) for weak magnetic field detection. The BB optical pump magnetometer does not need the excitation of RF field, but based on the modulation of laser light source to excite magnetic resonance. Therefore, it has a unique advantage in the research of multichannel magnetic detectors and gradiometers. By comparison, we find that the signal sensitivity of laser polarization modulation is better than that of laser frequency or amplitude modulation. In order to be suitable for the application of non-magnetic shielding environment, a magnetic gradiometer based on the above scheme is developed, and its performance is studied and analyzed. In the first chapter of this paper, the significance of magnetic field measurement is described, the principle and characteristics of several atomic magnetometers are introduced and compared, and the development trend of magnetometers is analyzed. In the second chapter, the magnetic principle of BB optical pump magnetometer is introduced, including the energy level structure and Zeeman effect of RB atom, the optical pump effect and the principle of optical magnetic resonance of BB optical pump. In the third chapter, the experimental equipment of the laser polarization modulated BB light pump magnetometer is introduced in detail, including the light source, the magnetic sensing part and the signal detection part. The magnetic field step signals of 0.5nT 0.2nT 0.1nT and 0.05nT are measured by this magnetometer system, respectively. The resolution ability of magnetometer is analyzed. By analyzing the noise power spectrum of magnetic field signal, the sensitivity of 2pT/Hz1/2 is obtained by magnetometer at 10Hz. In addition, the simulated cardiomagnetic signals with a frequency of 1 Hz ~ (2) Hz ~ (2) Hz ~ (5) Hz and an amplitude of 400pT are measured by the optimized system, and the results of the original output signals are compared. In chapter 4, the experimental device of the magnetic field gradiometer composed of double channel BB light pump magnetometer is introduced. The experimental results obtained by the gradiometer when the magnetic field gradient is provided by the anti-Helmhertz coil under the unshielded environment are introduced. In the last chapter, the improvement and development of the atomic magnetometer system are prospected.
【學位授予單位】:浙江大學
【學位級別】:碩士
【學位授予年份】:2015
【分類號】:TN24
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