發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-16 19:08

【摘要】：光纖光柵傳感及解調(diào)技術(shù)已經(jīng)成為檢測技術(shù)領(lǐng)域研究的一大重點(diǎn)。目前國內(nèi)外已經(jīng)推出了基于不同解決方案的解調(diào)產(chǎn)品，但是這些產(chǎn)品多以靜態(tài)解調(diào)儀器為主，解調(diào)速度并不高，結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜且價(jià)格昂貴，高速高精度的解調(diào)系統(tǒng)是未來的發(fā)展趨勢。 本課題以衍射光柵式的光纖光柵解調(diào)技術(shù)為基礎(chǔ)，開展了高速光纖光柵解調(diào)系統(tǒng)的研究，介紹了光纖光柵解調(diào)系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)和衍射光柵的工作原理。提出了一種利用IBSEN I-MON系列衍射光柵模塊，采用FPGA(現(xiàn)場可編程門陣列)構(gòu)建光纖光柵解調(diào)系統(tǒng)。該系統(tǒng)充分利用FPGA可以進(jìn)行并行運(yùn)算，可定制化的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，實(shí)現(xiàn)了光纖光柵信號(hào)的高速高精度解調(diào)。 本課題設(shè)計(jì)了解調(diào)系統(tǒng)的硬件電路，包括FPGA最小系統(tǒng)電路，ADC采集電路，DM9000以太網(wǎng)傳輸電路，光開關(guān)切換電路，溫度補(bǔ)償電路，電源電路。編寫了相應(yīng)的嵌入式數(shù)據(jù)處理和控制程序，并利用Labview構(gòu)建上位機(jī)數(shù)據(jù)接收和顯示軟件，實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)采集、解調(diào)、傳輸、顯示及存儲(chǔ)功能。研究了光纖光柵傳感系統(tǒng)波長解調(diào)算法，針對(duì)高速解調(diào)的需求，在分析了光纖光柵傳感器波長信號(hào)特點(diǎn)的基礎(chǔ)上，提出了改進(jìn)型高斯擬合算法，在不影響精度的同時(shí)，有效地減小了曲線擬合的計(jì)算量。同時(shí)算法中涉及的最小二乘問題采用適合于硬件實(shí)現(xiàn)的Cholesky矩陣分解求解法。 通過實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證了改進(jìn)型高斯擬合算法在光纖光柵信號(hào)解調(diào)中可靠有效。該光纖光柵解調(diào)系統(tǒng)解調(diào)精度可達(dá)1pm，，單通道解調(diào)速度最高2kHz，取得了良好的預(yù)期效果。
[Abstract]:Fiber grating sensing and demodulation technology has become a major research focus in the field of detection technology. At present, demodulation products based on different solutions have been introduced at home and abroad, but most of these products are static demodulation instruments, the demodulation speed is not high, the structure is complex and the price is expensive. High speed and high precision demodulation system is the development trend in the future. Based on the fiber grating demodulation technology of diffraction grating, the research of high speed fiber grating demodulation system is carried out. The structure of fiber grating demodulation system and the working principle of diffraction grating are introduced. A fiber grating demodulation system using IBSEN I-MON series diffraction grating module and FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) is proposed. The system makes full use of the advantages of parallel operation and customizability of FPGA to realize high speed and high precision demodulation of fiber Bragg grating signal. The hardware circuit of demodulation system is designed, including FPGA minimum system circuit, ADC acquisition circuit, optical switch switching circuit, temperature compensation circuit and power supply circuit. The corresponding embedded data processing and control program is written, and the upper computer data receiving and displaying software is constructed by LabVIEW to realize the functions of data acquisition, demodulation, transmission, display and storage. The wavelength demodulation algorithm of fiber Bragg grating sensor system is studied. According to the demand of high speed demodulation, an improved Gao Si fitting algorithm is proposed on the basis of analyzing the characteristics of wavelength signal of fiber grating sensor, which does not affect the precision at the same time. The calculation amount of curve fitting is reduced effectively. At the same time, the least squares problem is solved by Cholesky matrix decomposition method, which is suitable for hardware implementation. The experimental results show that the improved Gao Si fitting algorithm is reliable and effective in fiber grating signal demodulation. The demodulation accuracy of the fiber grating demodulation system can reach 1 pm, and the single channel demodulation speed is the highest 2 kHz.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TN253

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