本文選題：麥克風(fēng)陣列 + 聲源定位��； 參考：《南京大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：在陣列信號(hào)處理領(lǐng)域,基于麥克風(fēng)陣列的聲源定位技術(shù)是一項(xiàng)研究熱點(diǎn),其在軍事和民用等領(lǐng)域都得到了廣泛應(yīng)用。在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中,由于存在環(huán)境噪聲和混響干擾,尤其是在室內(nèi)環(huán)境中(如小型會(huì)場(chǎng)、教室、辦公室),實(shí)現(xiàn)精確定位是當(dāng)前聲源定位技術(shù)的主要難點(diǎn)。此外,聲源定位還存在運(yùn)算量較大,系統(tǒng)成本較高等問(wèn)題。針對(duì)這些問(wèn)題,本文致力于室內(nèi)環(huán)境下麥克風(fēng)陣列聲源定位系統(tǒng)的算法研究和系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)工作,重點(diǎn)研究了基于時(shí)延估計(jì)的聲源定位算法,提出了基于GCC改進(jìn)算法的分?jǐn)?shù)時(shí)延估計(jì)算法,并在實(shí)際環(huán)境中搭建了定位系統(tǒng),采集了實(shí)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù),驗(yàn)證了算法的有效性。本文主要工作如下：1.對(duì)當(dāng)前三種聲源定位算法進(jìn)行理論分析,基于時(shí)延估計(jì)的聲源定位算法具有算法實(shí)用性高,實(shí)時(shí)性好等優(yōu)點(diǎn),選擇其作為本文的研究重點(diǎn)；2.分析了麥克風(fēng)陣列的空間模型(遠(yuǎn)場(chǎng)模型和近場(chǎng)模型)以及信號(hào)接收模型(理想模型和實(shí)際模型),根據(jù)IMAGE模型,給出了房間沖擊響應(yīng)的表達(dá)式和模型仿真；3.對(duì)時(shí)延估計(jì)算法進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)研究,重點(diǎn)介紹了廣義互相關(guān)和自適應(yīng)最小均方兩種時(shí)延估計(jì)算法；在廣義互相關(guān)算法的基礎(chǔ)上,針對(duì)低信噪比、高混響的語(yǔ)音環(huán)境,利用混響能量比例系數(shù),提出了一種基于GCC改進(jìn)算法的分?jǐn)?shù)時(shí)延估計(jì)算法,進(jìn)一步提高了時(shí)延估計(jì)的精確度；4.對(duì)幾何定位算法做了系統(tǒng)的研究,重點(diǎn)研究了最大似然估計(jì)算法和最小二乘估計(jì)算法；5.設(shè)計(jì)開(kāi)發(fā)一套基于十字形麥克風(fēng)陣列的聲源定位系統(tǒng),詳細(xì)介紹了聲源定位系統(tǒng)整體結(jié)構(gòu),并對(duì)整個(gè)定位系統(tǒng)做了相關(guān)測(cè)試實(shí)驗(yàn),分析了可能導(dǎo)致誤差產(chǎn)生的原因。
[Abstract]:In the field of array signal processing, sound source location based on microphone array is a research hotspot, which has been widely used in military and civilian fields. In practical applications, due to the presence of environmental noise and reverberation interference, especially in the indoor environment (such as small meeting room, classroom, office), accurate location is the main difficulty of the current sound source location technology. In addition, there are many problems in sound source location, such as large computation and high system cost. In order to solve these problems, this paper focuses on the algorithm research and system implementation of microphone array sound source location system in indoor environment, and focuses on the acoustic source location algorithm based on time delay estimation. A fractional time delay estimation algorithm based on GCC improved algorithm is proposed, and a positioning system is built in the actual environment, and the measured data are collected to verify the validity of the algorithm. The main work of this paper is as follows: 1. Based on the theoretical analysis of three current acoustic source location algorithms, the acoustic source location algorithm based on time delay estimation has the advantages of high practicability and good real-time performance, so it is chosen as the focus of this paper. The space model (far-field model and near-field model) and the signal receiving model (ideal model and actual model) of microphone array are analyzed. According to the image model, the expression of room impulse response and the simulation of the model are given. Based on the generalized cross-correlation algorithm and the adaptive minimum mean square algorithm, the generalized cross-correlation algorithm and the adaptive least mean square algorithm are introduced systematically, and then, for the low signal-to-noise ratio and high reverberation environment, the time delay estimation algorithm is studied systematically. A fractional time delay estimation algorithm based on GCC improved algorithm is proposed based on reverberation energy proportional coefficient, which improves the accuracy of time delay estimation. The geometric location algorithm is studied systematically, and the maximum likelihood estimation algorithm and the least square estimation algorithm are studied emphatically. A sound source location system based on cross-shaped microphone array is designed and developed. The overall structure of sound source positioning system is introduced in detail.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TN641;TN911.7

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本文編號(hào)：2101295