本文選題：激光誘導擊穿光譜 + 鍋爐受熱面　； 參考：《華南理工大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著火電廠機組向大容量、高參數(shù)發(fā)展,機組安全穩(wěn)定運行顯得越來越重要。鍋爐作為火電廠機組的重要組成部分,它是否穩(wěn)定安全運行是影響機組的重要因素。鍋爐受熱面在高溫高壓環(huán)境下長期運行,其宏觀性能及微觀結(jié)構(gòu)會隨時間推移逐漸發(fā)生變化。受熱面材料使用狀態(tài)的好壞已成為直接影響鍋爐安全、經(jīng)濟運行的重要因素。對受熱面材料性能的監(jiān)測分析一直都是鍋爐安全的重要任務(wù)。激光誘導擊穿光譜技術(shù)(Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy,LIBS)作為一種原子發(fā)射光譜技術(shù),被廣泛應用于應用醫(yī)學領(lǐng)域、化石能源領(lǐng)域、土壤分析、大氣污染防治等領(lǐng)域。激光誘導擊穿光譜技術(shù)具有分析快速、適合任何樣品形態(tài)、無需樣品預處理、以及多元素同時測量等優(yōu)點,同時基體效應是該技術(shù)的特點之一。本論文充分利用LIBS技術(shù)的基體效應的特點,從等離子體光譜信息反向分析材料基體的特性,利用激光誘導擊穿光譜技術(shù)對鍋爐現(xiàn)場受熱面TP347H材料進行檢測分析,致力于分析TP347H的激光光譜特性和不同服役狀態(tài)TP347H材料的預測。論文首先闡述分析了本文的研究背景和意義,總結(jié)了傳統(tǒng)受熱面材料失效分析技術(shù)。對激光誘導擊穿光譜技術(shù)進行了簡要介紹,重點分析國內(nèi)外LIBS技術(shù)在金屬領(lǐng)域的研究現(xiàn)狀。論文對比分析TP347H受熱面材料打磨前后的光譜特性,觀察激光脈沖作用于不同表面狀態(tài)的散點圖變化趨勢的差異情況,深入分析打磨與未磨部位等離子體特性的差異。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)未磨部位等離子體光譜元素絕對強度、等離子體溫度、電子密度以及樣品燒蝕坑都比打磨部位的參數(shù)大。論文隨后對比分析了不同服役狀態(tài)TP347H的光譜特性,深入探索不同服役狀態(tài)TP347H與等離子體參數(shù)的聯(lián)系。以樣品晶粒度等級為指標,分析不同等離子體參數(shù)與晶粒度等級的關(guān)聯(lián)性。最后結(jié)合化學計量學分析方法——主成分分析法分析不同服役狀態(tài)TP347H材料光譜數(shù)據(jù)。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),選擇合適的輸入數(shù)據(jù)可以提高主成分分析法的區(qū)分能力,表明了主成分分析法適用于區(qū)分不同服役狀態(tài)的材料。最后,對全文進行了總結(jié)概括,提出了本文的創(chuàng)新點,并對激光誘導擊穿光譜技術(shù)應用于鍋爐受熱面金屬材料提出了進一步工作建議。
[Abstract]:With the development of power plant units with large capacity and high parameters, the safe and stable operation of the units becomes more and more important. Boiler is an important part of thermal power plant, whether it is stable or safe operation is an important factor affecting the unit. The macroscopic performance and microstructure of boiler heating surface will change gradually with time when it runs under high temperature and high pressure environment for a long time. The quality of heating surface material has become an important factor directly affecting boiler safety and economic operation. Monitoring and analysis of heating surface material performance is always an important task of boiler safety. Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), as an atomic emission spectroscopy, has been widely used in the fields of medicine, fossil energy, soil analysis, air pollution prevention and so on. Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy has the advantages of fast analysis, suitable for any sample morphology, no sample pretreatment, and multi-element simultaneous measurement. The matrix effect is one of the characteristics of the technique. In this paper, the characteristics of matrix effect of Libs technology are fully utilized, the characteristics of material matrix are analyzed in reverse from plasma spectrum information, and the material TP347H of boiler field heating surface is detected and analyzed by laser induced breakdown spectroscopy. The laser spectral characteristics of TP347H and the prediction of TP347H materials in different service states are analyzed. Firstly, the research background and significance of this paper are analyzed, and the traditional failure analysis technology of heating surface materials is summarized. The laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is briefly introduced, and the research status of LIBS in metal field at home and abroad is analyzed. The spectral characteristics of TP347H heated surface before and after grinding were compared and analyzed, and the difference of the variation trend of the scattered plot of laser pulse acting on different surface states was observed, and the difference of plasma characteristics between polished and unground parts was analyzed in depth. The results show that the absolute intensity of plasma spectral elements, plasma temperature, electron density and sample ablation pit are larger than those of grinding site. The spectral characteristics of TP347H in different service states are analyzed and the relationship between TP347H and plasma parameters is discussed. The correlation between the plasma parameters and the grain size grade was analyzed with the grain size grade of the sample as the index. Finally, the spectral data of TP347H materials with different service states were analyzed by principal component analysis (PCA), a chemometrics analysis method. The results show that the ability of PCA can be improved by selecting appropriate input data, which indicates that PCA is suitable for distinguishing materials with different service states. Finally, the paper summarizes and summarizes the full text, puts forward the innovation of this paper, and puts forward further work suggestions for the application of laser induced breakdown spectroscopy technology in boiler heating surface metal materials.
【學位授予單位】：華南理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TM621;TN24

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