本文選題：高能激光器 + 熱畸變��； 參考：《大連理工大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：為保證激光器輸出光束質(zhì)量,必須將激光反射鏡的反射面熱畸變降低到允許范圍內(nèi)。主動水冷方式是抑制反射面熱畸變的主要手段。但隨著高能激光器的發(fā)展,常規(guī)水冷鏡的結(jié)構(gòu)形式已經(jīng)難以滿足針對大口徑腔鏡越來越高的要求。因此,有必要對高使役精度的大口徑水冷鏡進行研究。本文首先使用有限元方法對直流道水冷鏡的常規(guī)結(jié)構(gòu)進行分析,提出了鏡體結(jié)構(gòu)關(guān)鍵設(shè)計尺寸的設(shè)計原則。在單流道簡化模型的基礎(chǔ)上,研究出一種基于溫度更新的計算方法,使用這種方法計算得到的溫度場分布結(jié)果無論在趨勢上,還是在數(shù)值上都與計算流體動力學(CFD)數(shù)值計算結(jié)果相差無幾。隨后,對直流道水冷鏡的常規(guī)結(jié)構(gòu)進行優(yōu)化,設(shè)計出一種新型優(yōu)化結(jié)構(gòu),可在流道換熱能力有限的條件下,將鏡面熱畸變控制在較低的水平。對于大口徑直流道水冷鏡流阻大、散熱不均的問題,本文又提出一種具有交指型流道結(jié)構(gòu)的水冷鏡新構(gòu)型。針對新構(gòu)型流場結(jié)構(gòu)特點,從理論上推導出其設(shè)計準則。通過建立流熱固耦合分析模型,對Φ150 mm水冷鏡反射面的溫度場和熱變形進行了研究,并分別在總流量和總壓降恒定兩種條件下,將新構(gòu)型與常規(guī)結(jié)構(gòu)的性能進行了對比。數(shù)值模擬結(jié)果表明,新構(gòu)型各冷卻流道換熱系數(shù)的一致性較好,當總流量恒定時,其鏡面最大熱變形相比直流道水冷鏡下降約1/3,而x和y方向上的變形峰谷值則分別減小40%和60%。另外,新結(jié)構(gòu)的流阻很小,在恒定壓降條件下,可獲得3倍于常規(guī)結(jié)構(gòu)的冷卻水流量,在降低鏡面變形方面的優(yōu)勢更為顯著。這為解決大尺寸激光鏡的熱變形問題提供了一個可行方案。為驗證使用CFD數(shù)值方法分析Φ150 mm新構(gòu)型流場的有效性,設(shè)計了通水實驗以測試壓力和流速。通過對比實驗結(jié)果,可以認為數(shù)值分析結(jié)果具有足夠的準確性。本文的研究內(nèi)容為研制高使役精度的大口徑激光水冷鏡提供了可行的設(shè)計方案,后續(xù)還要對其制作工藝進行深入研究。
[Abstract]:In order to ensure the laser output beam quality, the thermal distortion of the reflection surface of the laser mirror must be reduced to the allowable range. Active water cooling is the main method to restrain the thermal distortion of reflection surface. However, with the development of high energy lasers, the structure of conventional water-cooled mirrors has been difficult to meet the increasing requirements for large aperture mirrors. Therefore, it is necessary to study the large diameter water-cooled mirror with high precision. In this paper, the finite element method is used to analyze the conventional structure of the DC channel water-cooled mirror, and the design principle of the key design dimensions of the mirror structure is presented. On the basis of the simplified model of single channel, a new method based on temperature update is developed. The results of temperature field distribution are calculated by using this method, regardless of the trend. The numerical results are almost the same as those obtained by CFDs (Computational fluid Dynamics). Subsequently, the conventional structure of the DC channel water-cooled mirror is optimized, and a new type of optimization structure is designed, which can control the thermal distortion of the mirror at a lower level under the condition of limited heat transfer capacity of the flow channel. For the problem of large diameter DC channel water-cooled mirror with large resistance and uneven heat dissipation, a new configuration of water-cooled mirror with intersecting channel structure is proposed in this paper. According to the characteristics of the new configuration flow field, the design criteria are deduced theoretically. The temperature field and thermal deformation of the reflecting surface of 桅 150mm water-cooled mirror are studied by establishing a fluid-thermal-solid coupling analysis model. The performance of the new configuration is compared with that of the conventional structure under the condition of constant total flow rate and constant pressure drop. The numerical simulation results show that the heat transfer coefficients of each cooling channel of the new configuration are consistent. When the total flow rate is constant, the maximum thermal deformation of the mirror is about 1 / 3 lower than that of the DC channel water-cooled mirror, while the peak and valley values of deformation in the x and y directions are reduced by 40% and 60%, respectively. In addition, the flow resistance of the new structure is very small, under the condition of constant pressure drop, the cooling water flow rate of the new structure can be obtained 3 times than that of the conventional structure, and the advantages of the new structure in reducing the deformation of the mirror surface are more obvious. This provides a feasible scheme for solving the problem of thermal deformation of large size laser mirror. In order to verify the validity of the CFD numerical method for analyzing 桅 150mm new configuration flow field, a water diversion experiment was designed to measure the pressure and velocity of flow. By comparing the experimental results, it can be concluded that the numerical results are accurate enough. The research content of this paper provides a feasible design scheme for the development of large aperture laser water-cooled mirror with high precision.
【學位授予單位】：大連理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TN248

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本文編號：2005531